Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alec A. Schmaier, Papa F. Anderson, Siyu M. Chen, Emale El-Darzi, Ivan Aivasovsky, Milan P. Kaushik, Kelsey D. Sack, H. Criss Hartzell, Samir M. Parikh, Robert Flaumenhaft, Sol Schulman
Summary: The study found that endothelial cells can switch from an anticoagulant surface to a procoagulant surface under pathogenic stimuli, promoting thrombotic cardiovascular disease. Two TMEM16 family members, TMEM16F and TMEM16E, were identified as crucial for the procoagulant activity of endothelial cells. In addition, the TMEM16 inhibitor benzbromarone was found to prevent endothelial cell procoagulant activity and thrombus formation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Sarah L. Millington-Burgess, Matthew T. Harper
Summary: The study revealed that R5421 can reduce platelet PS exposure and inhibit thrombin generation by maintaining flippase activity in procoagulant platelets, without directly inhibiting scramblase activity.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Alessandro Aliotta, Debora Bertaggia Calderara, Maxime G. Zermatten, Lorenzo Alberio
Summary: In this study, the role of epinephrine in the generation of procoagulant platelets was investigated. Epinephrine was found to increase platelet aggregation induced by all agonist combinations tested while dose-dependently reducing the formation of procoagulant COAT platelets. The addition of increasing concentrations of epinephrine modulated platelet response by reducing cytosolic calcium mobilization, decreasing procoagulant activity, and enhancing platelet aggregation when platelets were activated with CVX and THR.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jens Van Bael, Aline Vandenbulcke, Abdelhakim Ahmed-Belkacem, Jean-Francois Guichou, Jean-Michel Pawlotsky, Jelle Samyn, Arjan D. Barendrecht, Coen Maas, Simon F. De Meyer, Karen Vanhoorelbeke, Claudia Tersteeg
Summary: Inhibiting CypD activity with novel non-immunosuppressive cyclophilin inhibitors (SMCypIs) can effectively reduce procoagulant platelet formation and provide a promising strategy for limiting thrombosis without affecting normal platelet function.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Alessandro Aliotta, Debora Bertaggia Calderara, Maxime G. Zermatten, Lorenzo Alberio
Summary: The study demonstrated contrasting patterns in the intracellular ion concentrations of COAT-activated platelets compared to non-COAT platelets, with the former showing high and prolonged calcium concentration, transient sodium increase, and fast potassium efflux. Inhibition of the sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) reduced calcium mobilization and prevented the formation of procoagulant platelets, highlighting the critical and dichotomous role of NCX during platelet activation induced by convulxin-plus-thrombin.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Carolina Balbi, Jacopo Burrello, Sara Bolis, Edoardo Lazzarini, Vanessa Biemmi, Enea Pianezzi, Alessio Burrello, Elena Caporali, Lorenzo Gauthier Grazioli, Gladys Martinetti, Tanja Fusi-Schmidhauser, Giuseppe Vassalli, Giorgia Melli, Lucio Barile
Summary: The study characterized the surface antigen profile of circulating extracellular vesicles (EV) in COVID-19 patients and found a specific surface marker signature that can differentiate COVID-19 patients. CD142 showed the highest discriminating performance and was found to be biologically active on the surface of EV in COVID-19 patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adrienne Wright, Orman (Larry) Snyder, Hong He, Lane K. Christenson, Sherry Fleming, Mark L. Weiss
Summary: Many cell types, including cancer cells, release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that expose tissue factor (TF). It is unclear whether MSC-EVs have a risk of thromboembolism due to TF expression. In this study, the researchers investigated the expression of TF and the procoagulant activity of MSC-EVs. They also examined the impact of different EV isolation methods and cell culture expansion on EV yield, characterization, and potential risk. The results showed that MSC-EVs express TF and have procoagulant activity. Therefore, when using MSC-derived EVs as a therapeutic agent, considerations should be given to TF expression, procoagulant activity, and thromboembolism risk.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Satoshi Kobayashi, Shiro Koizume, Tomoko Takahashi, Makoto Ueno, Ritsuko Oishi, Shuhei Nagashima, Yusuke Sano, Taito Fukushima, Shun Tezuka, Manabu Morimoto, Sho Nakamura, Hiroto Narimatsu, Wolfram Ruf, Yohei Miyagi
Summary: Tissue factor levels are an independent predictive factor for cancer-associated thromboembolism in patients with pancreatic cancer.
Article
Immunology
Emilly Caroline dos Santos Moraes, Remy Martins-Goncalves, Luana Rocha da Silva, Samuel Coelho Mandacaru, Reynaldo Magalhaes Melo, Isaclaudia Azevedo-Quintanilha, Jonas Perales, Fernando A. Bozza, Thiago Moreno Lopes Souza, Hugo Caire Castro-Faria-Neto, Eugenio D. Hottz, Patricia T. Bozza, Monique R. O. Trugilho
Summary: This study identified significant changes in the proteome of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from severe COVID-19 patients using a label-free shotgun proteomic approach. Flow cytometry experiments showed an increase in total circulating EVs with procoagulant activity. Differentially expressed proteins in the disease groups were associated with complement and coagulation cascades, platelet degranulation, and acute inflammatory response.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Frederik Denorme, Robert A. Campbell
Summary: Platelets play a crucial role in maintaining hemostasis, but dysregulated activation can lead to thrombosis or bleeding. Aggregatory platelets and procoagulant platelets have distinct roles in thrombosis and hemostasis. Procoagulant platelets, a highly activated subpopulation, express specific proteins that facilitate the binding of coagulation factors and the generation of thrombin.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Han Wang, Jiacheng Liu, Xiaofei Lai, Xinyu Li, Wei Huang
Summary: This study evaluates the efficacy of anti-factor Xa activity (aFXa) in predicting ecchymosis after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Participants received rivaroxaban and were divided into non-ecchymosis and ecchymosis groups. Results show that aFXa levels were significantly higher in the ecchymosis group. AFXa can be a promising parameter to predict postoperative ecchymosis after TKA.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Julia S. Gauer, Cedric Duval, Rui-Gang Xu, Fraser L. Macrae, Helen R. McPherson, Christian Tiede, Darren Tomlinson, Steve P. Watson, Robert A. S. Ariens
Summary: The interaction between GPVI and fibrin significantly affects the formation of procoagulant platelets and the structure of blood clots. Inhibition of GPVI signaling increases clot porosity and impairs clot contractibility to varying degrees.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Lena Hell, Thomas Daeullary, Vanessa Burghart, Lisa-Marie Mauracher, Ella Grilz, Bernhard Moser, Gero Kramer, Johannes A. Schmid, Cihan Ay, Ingrid Pabinger, Johannes Thaler
Summary: Patients with advanced prostate cancer may develop fulminant disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) related to elevated extracellular vesicles (EVs)-exposing tissue factor (TF) activity, which may result from interactions between tumor-derived EVs, monocytes, and platelets.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gopalapura J. Vishalakshi, Mahadevappa Hemshekhar, Vaddaragudisalu D. Sandesha, Kunthurumole S. Prashanth, Swamy Jagadish, Manoj Paul, Kempaiah Kemparaju, Kesturu S. Girish
Summary: BPAF, an important raw material in plastic and rubber production, poses a global threat due to increased contamination, mimicking estrogen and increasing risks of various disorders. This study reveals that BPAF induces necroptosis in platelets, leading to higher procoagulant platelet levels and exacerbating pulmonary thromboembolism. Elevated procoagulant platelets contribute to cardiovascular diseases, thrombosis, and chronic inflammatory diseases.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ambra Cappelletto, Harriet E. Allan, Marilena Crescente, Edoardo Schneider, Rossana Bussani, Hashim Ali, Ilaria Secco, Simone Vodret, Roberto Simeone, Luca Mascaretti, Serena Zacchigna, Timothy D. Warner, Mauro Giacca
Summary: Thrombosis of the lung microvasculature is a key characteristic of severe COVID-19 infection, and is triggered by the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. The Spike protein enhances platelet activation and procoagulant activity, leading to clot formation. Niclosamide and Clofazimine effectively inhibit this Spike-induced procoagulant response and may be repurposed for COVID-19 therapy.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)