Review
Ecology
Roland Kays, Martin Wikelski
Summary: One of the biggest trends in ecology recently has been the creation of standardized databases, which include live data, formal linkages between disparate databases, and automated analytics. This synergy, known as the Internet of Animals (IoA), has been used to predict species distributions and detect disease outbreaks. However, challenges of taxonomy, data security, and data sharing need to be addressed to fully realize the potential of IoA in enabling discoveries and predictions relevant to human societies and animal conservation.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Debdas Dhabal, Andressa A. Bertolazzo, Valeria Molinero
Summary: Researchers have discovered a method to obtain the smallest zeolites through molecular simulations and thermodynamic analysis. They found that amorphous precursors as small as 4 nm can crystallize zeolites, but zeolites smaller than 3 nm become unstable.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Nobuhiro Asai, Daisuke Sakanashi, Hiroyuki Suematsu, Hideo Kato, Mao Hagihara, Arufumi Shiota, Yusuke Koizumi, Yuka Yamagishi, Hiroshige Mikamo
Summary: This study reviewed all candidemia patients in the institute from 2014 to 2018 and found that only 24% of the patients were eligible for clinical trials. Compared to those who were not eligible, the eligible patients had better performance status, fewer comorbidities and longer overall survival times. This suggests that clinical trials may not accurately reflect the real world among candidemia patients.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Tianqi Yu, Lifeng Lin, Luis Furuya-Kanamori, Chang Xu
Summary: This study investigated the robustness of evidence from the earliest studies and found that, to a certain extent, the evidence from these early studies can support urgent decision-making.
RESEARCH SYNTHESIS METHODS
(2022)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Clarus Leung, Don D. Sin
Summary: Asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) is a heterogeneous condition where patients exhibit persistent airflow limitation with clinical features of both asthma and COPD. ACO patients have a prevalence ranging from 0.9% to 11.1% in the general population, experience greater symptom burden, decreased quality of life, and more frequent and severe respiratory exacerbations compared to asthma or COPD patients. Biomarker profiling and genetic analyses suggest that ACO may be a heterogeneous condition with definable characteristics, and research on defining biomarkers and treatment options for ACO is urgently needed.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Haoyang Jiang, Roger A. Greenberg
Summary: Cancers with dysfunctional DNA repair mechanisms are susceptible to DNA-damaging agents. Genome sequencing and a comprehensive understanding of DNA repair mechanisms have accelerated the discovery of pathway-selective agents that target DNA repair deficiencies in a tumor-agnostic manner.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Michal Szczyrek, Paulina Bitkowska, Marta Jutrzenka, Aneta Szudy-Szczyrek, Anna Drelich-Zbroja, Janusz Milanowski
Summary: Currently, CT is the recommended imaging method for suspected pleural malignancy, but it has certain limitations, such as the need for contrast agent and high radiation dosage, as well as limited ability to differentiate pleural malignancies from surrounding tissues. Recent studies have suggested that MRI could offer a solution to these issues, as different MRI sequences can not only detect and delineate pleural tumors more effectively but also provide additional data on tumor physiology or histology. This review summarizes current knowledge on primary pleural neoplasms and discusses the potential applications and limitations of MRI in patients with pleural malignancies.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Fergus Shanahan, Tarini S. Ghosh, Paul W. O'Toole
Summary: Defining a healthy microbiome in different populations is crucial, but requires improved profiling technologies and understanding the variations and influences on the microbiome among apparently healthy individuals.
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Freda Kreier
Summary: A multi-year project in Ukraine is seeking to uncover the health impacts of long-term radiation exposure.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andrew Peterson, Justin Clapp, Emily A. Largent, Kristin Harkins, Shana D. Stites, Jason Karlawish
Summary: Paradoxical lucidity in dementia is a clinically significant but understudied phenomenon. A refined definition has been proposed by a research group to facilitate debate and potentially harmonize interpretations of paradoxical lucidity among research groups. The goal is to address the vague conceptual features of the provisional definition and create a more robust foundation for clinical research in this area.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Business
Federica Nalli
Summary: This paper explores the implications of a Civil Economy approach to consumer ethics, specifically focusing on Antonio Genovesi's notion of mutual assistance and its relation to collective intentionality or team reasoning. The author argues that this understanding of mutual assistance may impose constraints on individual choices when they contradict the well-being of society. The paper further examines the implications of a mutual assistance approach to market ethics in a global society characterized by diverse perspectives and group affiliations.
JOURNAL OF BUSINESS ETHICS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Philip Ball
Summary: Some researchers argue that lab-grown structures capable of developing into fetuses should be classified and regulated as embryos.
Review
Orthopedics
David W. Evans, Nicholas Lucas
Summary: This paper derives a set of eligibility criteria from existing definitions of manipulation to create a new definition. The resulting definitions are considered to be valid, complete, minimally sufficient, and robust. It is hoped that these definitions will be widely adopted in clinical, research, educational, and professional settings.
BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
(2023)
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeff Tollefson
Summary: Science-friendly candidate Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva is leading in the election polls.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Luigi Barrea, Massimiliano Caprio, Dario Tuccinardi, Eleonora Moriconi, Laura Di Renzo, Giovanna Muscogiuri, Annamaria Colao, Silvia Savastano
Summary: Cancer cells predominantly utilize aerobic glycolysis for metabolism. This characteristic has led to the hypothesis that dietary manipulation, such as a ketogenic diet, can influence tumor treatment and prognosis. The effectiveness of the ketogenic diet in cancer management may be attributed to various mechanisms, beyond the originally proposed glucose/insulin signaling inhibition. A qualified nutritionist is essential in managing the potential complications of this dietary therapy.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
