Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Robert D. D. Roghair, Tarah T. T. Colaizy, Baiba Steinbrekera, Reka A. Vass, Erica Hsu, Daniel Dagle, Trassanee Chatmethakul
Summary: Leptin deficiency in preterm infants is associated with adverse cardiovascular and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Supplementation of leptin can improve developmental assessment scores, particularly in males. Further research is needed to investigate the effects of neonatal leptin supplementation on long-term outcomes in preterm infants.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ghaith Mohsen, Annika Stroemer, Andreas Mayr, Andrea Kunsorg, Christian Stoppe, Maria Wittmann, Markus Velten
Summary: Initial evidence suggests that preoperative administration of omega-3 fatty acids can reduce postoperative inflammatory reaction. However, the effects of immunonutrition with omega-3 fatty acids on inflammatory response in abdominal surgery patients are still unclear. This study found no significant difference in inflammatory markers or postoperative length of hospital stay between the preoperative omega-3 fatty acids group and the control group.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giorgia Sebastiani, Elisabet Navarro-Tapia, Laura Almeida-Toledano, Mariona Serra-Delgado, Anna Lucia Paltrinieri, Oscar Garcia-Algar, Vicente Andreu-Fernandez
Summary: Hypoxia and oxidative stress are crucial for fetal development during pregnancy, but an imbalance in oxidative molecules can lead to complications. Antioxidants may be a promising tool for treating these complications.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Melissa Rittenhouse, Nyamkhishig Sambuughin, Patricia Deuster
Summary: The personalized dosage of omega-3 supplementation increased O3I levels, but it remains inconclusive whether the FADS1/2 variants caused differential increases in O3I or if the personalized dosage of omega-3 supplementation led to an O3I >= 8%, due to study limitations.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Pantea Nazeri, Mamak Shariat, Fereidoun Azizi
Summary: The study found that iodine supplementation during pregnancy can prevent the increase in thyroglobulin concentration but did not show significant improvements in growth or neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maranda Thompson, Arzu Ulu, Maheswari Mukherjee, Ana G. Yuil-Valdes, Melissa Thoene, Matthew Van Ormer, Rebecca Slotkowski, Teri Mauch, Ann Anderson-Berry, Corrine K. Hanson, Tara M. Nordgren, Sathish Kumar Natarajan
Summary: Normal pregnancy relies on inflammation for various processes, but excessive inflammation can result in adverse outcomes. Maternal diet, particularly the intake of omega-3 and -6 fatty acids, can impact inflammation. The metabolites derived from these fatty acids have been shown to influence pregnancy physiology. This review summarizes the current understanding of omega-3 and omega-6 metabolites during pregnancy.
Article
Biology
Jung-Hoon Kim, Josepheen De Asis-Cruz, Dhineshvikram Krishnamurthy, Catherine Limperopoulos
Summary: Recent advances in functional magnetic resonance imaging have provided new insights into the early-life brain development. However, traditional linear models may not adequately capture the complex and nonlinear trajectories of fetal-neonatal brain development. In this study, we used a deep generative model called variational autoencoder to represent brain activity in a large sample of fetuses and neonates. We demonstrated that this nonlinear model improved the representation of brain maturational patterns and age prediction compared to linear models. The model also revealed distinct functional brain networks.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mahmoud Alagawany, Shaaban S. Elnesr, Mayada R. Farag, Karim El-Sabrout, Othman Alqaisi, Mahmoud A. O. Dawood, Hidayatullah Soomro, Sameh A. Abdelnour
Summary: The balance between omega-3, omega-6, and omega-9 fatty acids is crucial for the formation of cell membranes and various biological processes. Dietary administration of these fatty acids can improve the quality of poultry and animal meat. Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory effects and can improve oxidative properties and immunity. High levels of omega-6 fatty acids are linked to disorders such as depression and heart disease, while omega-3 fatty acids have positive impacts on cholesterol levels and reduce the occurrence of coronary heart disease.
ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kelly K. Ferguson, Sara Sammallahti, Emma Rosen, Michiel van den Dries, Anjoeka Pronk, Suzanne Spaan, Monica Guxens, Henning Tiemeier, Romy Gaillard, Vincent W. V. Jaddoe
Summary: This study identified three distinct fetal growth trajectories for weight among babies born small for gestational age (SGA). Children who were consistently small from mid-pregnancy had the worst neurodevelopmental outcomes at age 6, showing lower IQ and slightly more ADHD symptoms compared to non-SGA babies. The findings suggest that fetal growth trajectories may help identify SGA babies who are at risk for poor neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. J. W. Mens, M. M. van Krimpen, S. K. Kar, F. J. Guiscafre, L. Sijtsma
Summary: This study investigates the effects of adding N. limnetica to the diet of laying hens on egg yolk omega-3 fatty acid content, laying hen performance, nutrient retention, intestinal morphometry, and systemic inflammatory markers. The results demonstrate that the inclusion of microalgae can increase the rate of lay and feed intake, as well as enhance the EPA and DHA content in egg yolks, while reducing the levels of inflammatory markers in the blood. Overall, adding microalgae has positive effects on laying hen performance and provides nutritional benefits. However, further research is needed to fully understand the positive effects of microalgae on the health of laying hens.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yu Qi Lee, Eugenie R. Lumbers, Tracy L. Schumacher, Clare E. Collins, Kym M. Rae, Kirsty G. Pringle
Summary: Suboptimal nutrition during pregnancy is recognized as a significant modifiable factor in the development of chronic diseases in offspring. The study found that dietary intake of pregnant Indigenous Australian women did not meet national guidelines and that maternal nutrition during pregnancy can impact fetal growth but not fetal kidney growth. Urgent strategies are needed to support and optimize nutrient intake in Indigenous pregnant women.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gemma McLeod, Shelley Farrent, Melissa Gilroy, Denise Page, Colleen J. Oliver, Fiona Richmond, Barbara E. Cormack
Summary: There is significant global variation in neonatal nutrition practice, with differences in fluid targets, milk composition, fortification, probiotic choice, and growth monitoring methods across Australia and New Zealand. This variation may impact nutrition interventions and neonatal outcomes, highlighting the need for standardization and improvement in neonatal care.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Erin E. Morris, Neely C. Miller, Nicholas A. Marka, Jennifer L. Super, Emily M. Nagel, Juan David Gonzalez, Ellen W. Demerath, Sara E. Ramel
Summary: Retrospective studies show that parenteral nutrition during the first week after birth, providing calories, proteins, and lipids, is associated with improved neurodevelopment. However, an enhanced parenteral nutrition protocol in the early stage did not lead to improved neurodevelopmental outcomes. Instead, higher enteral caloric and protein intake in the first week after birth were associated with improved processing speed.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alexandra Podpeskar, Roman Crazzolara, Gabriele Kropshofer, Benjamin Hetzer, Bernhard Meister, Thomas Mueller, Christina Salvador
Summary: The review highlights the significance of adequate nutrition and the role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in childhood cancer, emphasizing the need for further research and clinical trials to confirm their anti-cancer effects.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joohee Lim, So Jin Yoon, Jeong Eun Shin, Jung Ho Han, Soon Min Lee, Ho Seon Eun, Min Soo Park, Kook In Park
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate risk factors for growth failure in VLBW infants at 18-24 months and 36 months of age, and found that factors such as male sex, growth failure at birth, periventricular leukomalacia were associated with an increased risk of growth failure at follow-up1. Growth failure remains a concern, and close monitoring of growth and nutrition is recommended for VLBW infants with risk factors.
Article
Pediatrics
Renata Oliveira Neves, Leandro Meirelles Nunes, Larissa de Oliveira Silveira, Marcela Reckziegel Lima, Paula Ruffoni Moreira, Juliana Rombaldi Bernardi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of different complementary feeding methods on functional constipation symptoms in infants at 12 months. Through a randomized clinical trial with mother-infant dyads, the prevalence of constipation symptoms was found to be high but not associated with the method of complementary food introduction.
ANALES DE PEDIATRIA
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Patricia Maidana Miguel, Michael J. Meaney, Patricia Pelufo Silveira
Summary: Executive functions (EFs) are responsible for cognitive control of emotions and behaviors, as well as information processing for learning and memory. Impairments in EFs, including attention, working memory, flexibility, and self-regulation, are associated with various psychopathologies throughout life. EF development starts in early childhood and continues into early adulthood, with vulnerability to environmental influences. Genetic factors also contribute to interindividual variation in EFs, and recent studies have explored the relationship between early-life adversity, genetics, and EF development.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kimia Shafighi, Sylvia Villeneuve, Pedro Rosa Neto, AmanPreet Badhwar, Judes Poirier, Vaibhav Sharma, Yasser Iturria Medina, Patricia P. Silveira, Laurette Dube, David Glahn, Danilo Bzdok
Summary: Alzheimer's disease and related dementias pose a significant public health burden that will continue to increase due to longer life expectancy. Recent clinical evidence indicates that social isolation may accelerate the onset of dementia. Through the analysis of large population cohorts, we have identified strong associations between individuals' social capital, loneliness, and lack of social support with the risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. The quality and quantity of daily social interactions are deeply connected to key risk factors, highlighting the importance of social lifestyle determinants as potential targets for preventive clinical action.
Article
Family Studies
Victoria F. Keeton, Janice F. Bell, Christiana Drake, Erik O. Fernandez y Garcia, Matthew Pantell, Danielle Hessler, Holly Wing, Patricia P. Silveira, Kieran J. O' Donnell, Euclides Jose de Mendonca Filho, Michael J. Meaney, Laura M. Gottlieb
Summary: Latinx families may face higher rates of emotional dysfunction due to economic hardship and complex social influences. The impact of unmet social needs and maternal stress on the emotional health of Latinx children from low-income families is not well understood. This study found that high perceived maternal stress and high hair cortisol concentration (HCC) in mothers were associated with increased risk of child emotional dysfunction.
JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Patricia Cemin Becker, Renata Oliveira Neves, Clecio Homrich da Silva, Marcelo Zubaran Goldani, Juliana Rombaldi
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of consuming fruit juice before 6 months of age on preschoolers' Body Mass Index-for-age (BMI-for-age) and food consumption. A longitudinal study with 103 mothers and children aged 6 months to 3-6 years was conducted. Height and weight were measured and converted into BMI-for-age z-scores. Food consumption was assessed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire for Children. The results showed no differences in anthropometric measurements at preschool age, but children with early introduction of fruit juice had higher consumption of artificial juice and sandwich cookies.
CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Paula Ruffoni Moreira, Leandro Meirelles Nunes, Renata Oliveira Neves, Christy Hannah Sanini Belin, Jordana Fuhr, Erissandra Gomes, Adriela Mariath, Juliana Rombaldi Bernardi
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the adherence to three different methods of food introduction for 7-month-old babies. Through telephone interviews, a total of 139 mother-infant pairs were assessed, and the results showed that most infants chose the mixed method for complementary feeding. Therefore, the mixed approach obtained greater adherence in 7-month-old babies.
REVISTA PAULISTA DE PEDIATRIA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patricia Pelufo Silveira, Irina Pokhvisneva, David M. Howard, Michael J. Meaney
Summary: Sex differences play a significant role in the prevalence and treatment response of major depression. This study conducted a genome-wide association analysis and identified sex-specific markers and pathways associated with broad depression. The findings highlight the importance of sex-dependent genetic pathways in clinical depression and comorbid health conditions.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Patricia Pelufo Silveira, Michael J. Meaney
Summary: We explore how integrating datasets from different species can help us understand the impact of gene-environment interactions on mental disorders. We discuss various levels of gene expression regulation and the corresponding data available in humans. We also highlight the importance of multilevel integration of diverse types of data in improving vulnerability detection and informing preventive and therapeutic interventions.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Angela M. Jaramillo-Ospina, Gabriel T. Roman, Danitsa M. Rodrigues, Sachin Patel, Irina Pokhvisneva, Valentina G. Chakr, Robert D. Levitan, Michael J. Meaney, Patricia P. Silveira
Summary: This study examined the relationship between the genetic background associated with increased production of omega-3 PUFA and eating behaviors in infants with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). The findings suggest that a higher genetic score for omega-3 PUFA is associated with a decreased risk of eating behavior alterations in infants born IUGR, while a higher genetic score for the omega-6/omega-3 PUFA ratio increases the risk of eating behavior alterations.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Daniele Lima Alberton, Mila Pontremoli Salcedo, Raquel Potrich Zen, Charles Francisco Ferreira, Kathleen Schmeler, Suzana Arenhart Pessini
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate recurrence rates and risk factors among women with stage IA1 cervical cancer without lymph vascular space invasion managed conservatively. The results showed that there were no cases of recurrent invasive cervical cancer or deaths due to cervical cancer in the cohort of 26 patients who underwent conservative management.
REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GINECOLOGIA E OBSTETRICIA
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Aashita Batra, Santiago Cuesta, Marcio Bonesso Alves, Jose Maria Restrepo, Michel Giroux, Daniela Pereira Laureano, Amanda Brondani Mucellini Lovato, Patricia Maidana Miguel, Tania Diniz Machado, Roberta Dalle Molle, Cecilia Flores, Patricia Pelufo Silveira
Summary: Fetal restriction affects insulin sensitivity and may impact the development of the dopamine system and related behaviors. The Netrin-1/DCC system is involved in the maturation of the DA circuitry. This study found that FR downregulates Netrin-1 levels at birth and affects Dcc expression in response to insulin in adult rodents, possibly through miR-218 regulation.
JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Tianyuan Lu, Patricia Pelufo Silveira, Celia M. T. Greenwood
Summary: This study found that both genetic and early life risk factors are important in the development and progression of adult depression. By analyzing genome-wide association studies, a polygenic risk score for depression was developed, which was moderately associated with early life risk factors. However, the polygenic risk score had a stronger association with depression phenotypes compared to most early life risk factors.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sara Brunetto, Juliana Rombaldi Bernardi, Isabel Cristina Ribas Werlang, Marina Nunes, Ciliana Rechenmacher, Thiago Beltram Marcelino, Clecio Homrich da Silva, Marcelo Zubaran Goldani
Summary: Leptin concentrations in breast milk may play a role in metabolic programming during the first months of life. This study aimed to determine the association between leptin levels in breast milk and infant anthropometric indicators in small for gestational age (SGA) and non-SGA infants.
Review
Neurosciences
Jose M. Restrepo-Lozano, Cecilia Flores, Patricia P. Silveira
Summary: The possibility of establishing a metric of individual genetic risk for a particular disease or trait has sparked interest in the scientific community. Current approaches for calculating genetic risk to specific psychiatric conditions involve aggregating estimates from genome-wide association studies into polygenic risk scores. Novel approaches are considering functional molecular phenotypes and prior knowledge of biological processes to improve understanding and diagnosis of psychopathology.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Gabriele Luiza Caprara, Otavio von Ameln Lovison, Andreza Francisco Martins, Juliana Rombaldi Bernardi, Marcelo Zubaran Goldani
Summary: This study investigated the transfer of gut microbiota from mother to newborn. The analysis of maternal and newborn samples revealed a correlation between the gut microbiota of mothers and infants, indicating evidence of specific transfer. Vaginal delivery showed a positive impact on the transfer of microbiota, while cesarean section had a negative impact.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
