Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Paul Thoueille, Susana Alves Saldanha, Fabian Schaller, Aline Munting, Matthias Cavassini, Dominique Braun, Huldrych F. Gunthard, Katharina Kusejko, Bernard Surial, Hansjakob Furrer, Andri Rauch, Pilar Ustero, Alexandra Calmy, Marcel Stoeckle, Manuel Battegay, Catia Marzolini, Pascal Andre, Monia Guidi, Thierry Buclin, Laurent A. Decosterd
Summary: The ongoing SHCS#879 study is a multicenter observational study conducted in Switzerland to prospectively monitor individuals living with HIV on long-acting injectable cabotegravir-rilpivirine (LAI-CAB/RPV). The study aims to provide real-life data on the variability of drug concentrations, treatment response, and tolerability, which can be crucial for therapeutic monitoring and dosage adjustment.
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Jana Stojanova, Marcelo Arancibia, Samiksha Ghimire, Indy Sandaradura
Summary: This review provides comprehensive information on the pharmacokinetic parameters of antibiotics during pregnancy and their transplacental passage. Understanding the impact on pharmacokinetics and fetal exposure is especially useful for treating complicated or severe infections in pregnant patients, such as intra-amniotic infection and sepsis.
THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Manuel Busto-Iglesias, Lorena Rodriguez-Martinez, Carmen Antia Rodriguez-Fernandez, Jaime Gonzalez-Lopez, Miguel Gonzalez-Barcia, Begona de Domingo, Luis Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Anxo Fernandez-Ferreiro, Cristina Mondelo-Garcia
Summary: Biological drugs, particularly TNF alpha targeting drugs, have greatly improved the treatment outcomes for patients with non-infectious uveitis. However, not all patients respond to these drugs, and therapeutic outcomes are influenced by various factors such as immunogenicity and genetic factors. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and pharmacogenetics provide valuable tools for personalizing treatment and optimizing drug concentration, leading to improved clinical outcomes.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lea Bolcato, Anne Thiebaut-Bertrand, Francoise Stanke-Labesque, Elodie Gautier-Veyret
Summary: Isavuconazole (ISA), a triazole antifungal agent, is used for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis and mucormycosis. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is crucial for treatment efficacy, and this study investigated the inter- and intra-individual variability of ISA trough concentrations (Cmin) and identified the determinants involved, including dose, aspartate aminotransferase, and protein levels.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Fangya Mu, Xinguang Zhou, Fang Fan, Zhiyu Chen, Guoyue Shi
Summary: In this study, a Vancomycin-specific fluorescent biosensor was developed and validated for rapid and accurate detection of Vancomycin using microdialysis sampling technique. The study successfully recorded subject-specific pharmacokinetics of Vancomycin in normal rabbits and those with chronic renal failure, demonstrating the feasibility of therapeutic drug monitoring in vivo. The research provides a scientific basis for an effective approach to monitor blood drug levels during clinical treatment.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Jitka Rychlickova, Vendula Kubickova, Pavel Suk, Karel Urbanek
Summary: The emerging resistance of Gram-negative bacteria is a global problem that has led to the reintroduction of colistin as a therapeutic option. However, there are still many questions regarding the safety and efficacy of colistin. This review summarizes the available literature on the use of colistin in critically ill patients, focusing on stability, pharmacokinetics, plasma concentration determination methods, and therapeutic drug monitoring benefits and limitations. Based on these findings, the gaps in knowledge are identified, and future research directions are suggested.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Maria Aquino, Maria Tinoco, Joana Bicker, Amilcar Falcao, Marilia Rocha, Ana Fortuna
Summary: Amikacin is the preferred antibiotic for treating Gram-negative infections in neutropenic oncology patients. However, there is a lack of population pharmacokinetic studies on amikacin in this patient population. This large-scale retrospective study investigated the effects of tumor diseases, chemotherapy, lag time, age, and renal function on amikacin pharmacokinetics in neutropenic cancer patients. The results showed that oncology patients received higher daily doses of amikacin and had increased drug clearance. Chemotherapy influenced amikacin pharmacokinetics and drug clearance decreased with longer lag time. The impact of aging on amikacin doses was stronger than chemotherapy. This research suggests that cancer patients may require higher initial doses of amikacin, especially within 30 days of starting chemotherapy.
Article
Microbiology
Zoe Kane, Iek Cheng, Orlagh McGarrity, Robert Chiesa, Nigel Klein, Mario Cortina-Borja, Joseph F. F. Standing, Silke Gastine
Summary: Invasive fungal infections pose a significant risk to immunocompromised patients, and posaconazole has been approved for treatment and prevention in adults. However, its use in children has been off-label until recently. This study developed a pharmacokinetic model to estimate the oral bioavailability of posaconazole suspension and tablet in hospitalized children, taking into account factors such as dose and concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Zupeng Yan, Zhenghan Shi, Yue Wu, Jingjiang Lv, Peixue Deng, Guang Liu, Zijian An, Ziyuan Che, Yanli Lu, Jianzhen Shan, Qingjun Liu
Summary: As an efficient patient management tool, decentralized therapeutic drug monitoring provides new possibilities for adherence and health management in schizophrenia. A wireless smart lollipop system was used to study the temporal metabolism of clozapine in rat saliva, providing real-time, noninvasive drug tracking. The system achieved highly sensitive and efficient sensing performance, allowing continual salivary drug level monitoring with distinctive pharmacokinetics for different routes of drug administration. This noninvasive saliva analysis system has the potential for patient-centered and personalized pharmacotherapy and adherence management.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mengmeng Jia, Qiwen Zhang, Zifei Qin, Dao Wang, Peng Liu, Jing Yang, Xiaojian Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate an appropriate dosing regimen and assess the exposure-response relationships of posaconazole (PCZ) in children. The study found that the dosage of PCZ varied depending on the age and purpose of treatment in children. Lower PCZ concentrations were associated with unsuccessful prophylaxis, while higher PCZ concentrations were associated with positive clinical response in treatment. Factors such as age, inflammatory markers, liver function indicators, and co-administration with proton pump inhibitors significantly affected PCZ concentrations.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Changhee Ha, Hyun-Seung Lee, Eun Yeon Joo, Young-Min Shon, Seung Bong Hong, Dae-Won Seo, Soo-Youn Lee
Summary: The study investigated the therapeutic drug monitoring of Levetiracetam in Korean epilepsy patients, revealing a large inter-individual difference in its pharmacokinetics and its susceptibility to EIAEDs. There was a strong correlation between weight-adjusted Levetiracetam dosage and concentrations.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Julie Gorham, Fabio S. Taccone, Maya Hites
Summary: Obesity is associated with increased risks of comorbidities, postoperative infections, and nosocomial infections. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antibiotics are affected by obesity, leading to increased risks of antibiotic therapy failure and toxicity. Precision dosing of antibiotics using therapeutic drug monitoring may improve the management of critically ill obese patients with infections.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sergey Zyryanov, Irina Bondareva, Olga Butranova, Alexandra Kazanova
Summary: This study aimed to determine the population pharmacokinetic parameters of meropenem in preterm infants and evaluate the pharmacodynamic indices and covariates affecting pharmacokinetics. Analysis of demographic, clinical, and therapeutic drug monitoring data from 66 preterm newborns revealed that the median values for elimination rate and volume of distribution of meropenem were 0.31 1/h and 1.2 L respectively, and the median values for total clearance and elimination half-life were 0.22 L/h/kg and 2.33 h. Individualized Bayesian posterior models improved prediction quality compared to the population model.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Niels A. D. Guchelaar, Ruben A. G. van Eerden, Stefanie L. Groenland, Leni van Doorn, Ingrid M. E. Desar, Ferry A. L. M. Eskens, Neeltje Steeghs, Nielka P. van Erp, Alwin D. R. Huitema, Ron H. J. Mathijssen, Stijn L. W. Koolen
Summary: Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for sorafenib is not of added value in daily clinical practice due to the limitations posed by toxicity that restrict dose escalations.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Abigail Ferreira, Rui Lapa, Nuno Vale
Summary: Pharmacokinetics plays a vital role in drug development, clinical optimization, and precision medicine, contributing to improved patient outcomes, reduced side effects, and prevention of resistant bacterial strains.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Montserrat Laguno, Maria Martinez-Rebollar, Martina Casanova, Elisa de Lazzari, Ana Gonzalez-Cordon, Berta Torres, Alexy Inciarte, Lorena de la Mora, Ainoa Ugarte, Juan Ambrosioni, Jose Luis Blanco, Esteban Martinez, Josep Mallolas
Summary: HCV therapy with DAA in PLWH leads to significant improvement in liver fibrosis and recovery of the immune system, as indicated by an increase in the CD4/CD8 ratio, in long-term follow-up.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Esther Fernandez-Galan, Celia Badenas, Constantino Fondevila, Wladimiro Jimenez, Miquel Navasa, Joan Anton Puig-Butille, Merce Brunet
Summary: This study evaluated the feasibility of using ddcfDNA as a biomarker for predicting acute rejection in liver transplant patients and found that the ddcfDNA percentage was 3-fold higher before AR diagnosis compared to nonrejector patients, showing a better predictive performance than conventional liver function tests within the first 2 weeks post-transplant.
LIVER TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Amanda Mocroft, Jose M. Miro, Gilles Wandeler, Josep M. Llibre, Anders Boyd, Kathrin van Bremen, Marek Beniowski, Julia Mikhalik, Matthias Cavassini, Fernando Maltez, Claudine Duvivier, Caterina Uberti Foppa, Brygida Knysz, Elzbieta Bakowska, Elena Kuzovatova, Pere Domingo, Alexandra Zagalo, Jean-Paul Viard, Olaf Degen, Ana Milinkovic, Thomas Benfield, Lars Peters
Summary: The study found a significant increase in the incidence of non-liver malignancies in PLWH with HBV infection, particularly in those who were HBV DNA positive and for NHL. These findings suggest the need for increased cancer screening in HIV-positive individuals with chronic HBV infection.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sarah Amele, Anastasia Karachalia Sandri, Alison Rodger, Linos Vandekerckhove, Thomas Benfield, Ana Milinkovic, Claudine Duvivier, Hans-Jurgen Stellbrink, Helen Sambatakou, Nikoloz Chkhartishvili, Luis Caldeira, Monserrat Laguno, Pere Domingo, Gilles Wandeler, Martin Gisinger, Elena Kuzovatova, Gordana Dragovic, Brygida Knysz, Raimonda Matulionyte, Jurgen Kurt Rockstroh, Jens Dilling Lundgren, Amanda Mocroft, Lars Peters
Summary: Among HIV/HCV-coinfected individuals in Europe, 7.3% were reinfected with HCV within 24 months of achieving SVR, with evidence suggesting that this is decreasing over time and with use of newer HCV regimens. Harm reduction to reduce reinfection and surveillance to detect early reinfection with an offer of treatment are essential to eliminate HCV.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Juan Ambrosioni, Jhon Rojas Lievano, Leire Berrocal, Alexy Inciarte, Lorena de la Mora, Ana Gonzalez-Cordon, Maria Martinez-Rebollar, Montserrat Laguno, Berta Torres, Ainoa Ugarte, Ivan Chivite, Lorna Leal, Elisa de Lazzari, Jose M. Miro, Jose L. Blanco, Esteban Martinez, Josep Mallolas
Summary: The use of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) in real-life clinical practice has demonstrated high rates of virological suppression and good tolerability, even in patients carrying resistance substitutions. Persistence on this regimen was also high at the 6-month follow-up mark.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Correction
Infectious Diseases
Maria Martinez-Rebollar, Lorena de la Mora, Miriam Campistol, Bruno Cabrera, Albert Bague, Elisa De Lazzari, Berta Torres, Ana Gonzalez-Cordon, Alexy Inciarte, Juan Ambrosioni, Esteban Martinez, Jose L. Blanco, Xavier Forns, Jordi Blanch, Josep Mallolas, Montserrat Laguno
INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND THERAPY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Infectious Diseases
Natalia A. Diaz, Rosa de Miguel, Fernando Aguero, Omar Sued, Jose R. Arribas, Juan Ambrosioni
Summary: The HIV pandemic and the global outbreak of COVID-19 have affected millions of people, but there is limited data to support the use of COVID-19 treatments and prevention measures specifically for people living with HIV. Further research is needed to fill the knowledge gap in this area.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Veronica Rico-Caballero, Mariana Fernandez, Juan C. Hurtado, M. Angeles Marcos, Celia Cardozo, Laia Albiach, Daiana Aguero, Juan Ambrosioni, Marta Bodro, Mariana Chumbita, Lorena De la Mora, Nicole Garcia-Pouton, Ana Gonzalez-Cordon, Gerard Duenas, Marta Hernandez-Meneses, Alexy Inciarte, Montse Laguno, Lorna Leal, Irene Macaya, Miguel J. Martinez, Genoveva Cuesta, Fernanda Meira, Laura Morata, Pedro Puerta-Alcalde, John Rojas, Berta Torres, Pedro Castro, Jose Munoz, Josep Mensa, Jose Antonio Martinez, Gemma Sanjuan, Jordi Vila, Felipe Garcia, Carolina Garcia-Vidal, Alex Soriano
Summary: By examining the relationship between viral load estimated by Ct and the days from symptoms onset on mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, this study found that lower Ct values and a shorter time from symptoms onset were associated with higher mortality rates.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jose L. Blanco, Jhon Rojas, Elisa de Lazzari, Alexy Inciarte, Mar Subirana, Pilar Callau, Maria Martinez-Rebollar, Montserrat Laguno, Josep Mallolas, Lorena de la Mora, Berta Torres, Ana Gonzalez-Cordon, Esteban Martinez
Summary: The study evaluated the switch from a triple therapy of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate plus ritonavir-boosted PI to a two-drug regimen of lamivudine plus ritonavir-boosted atazanavir in virologically suppressed HIV-infected adults with low BMD. The results showed significant improvements in bone density for some patients after the switch over a 48-week period, with no virological failures.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Lorena De la Mora, Montserrat Laguno, Elisa De Lazzari, Ainoa Ugarte, Lorna Leal, Berta Torres, Ana Gonzalez-Cordon, Alexy Inciarte, Juan Ambrosioni, Zoraida Escalante, Ana Rodriguez, Esteban Martinez, Jose L. Blanco, Jordi Blanch, Laia Miquel, Jordi Bosch, Duncan Short, Josep Mallolas, Maria Martinez-Rebollar
Summary: This study aimed to identify potential vulnerabilities and describe the profiles of individuals who engaged in chemsex in Barcelona, Spain. The findings showed a high proportion of migrants and Latin American participants in the chemsex cohort. Many of them were living with HIV, and specific characteristics related to drug use and sexual behavior were observed. Addressing these vulnerabilities requires specialized interdisciplinary services with cultural competence in order to better manage chemsex.
SEXUALITY RESEARCH AND SOCIAL POLICY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Montserrat Laguno, Ainoa Ugarte, Maria Martinez-Rebollar, Yeray Sobrino, Guillermo Font, Elisa de Lazzari, Lorena de la Mora, Berta Torres, Ivan Chivite, Josep Riera, Juan Ambrosioni, Alexy Inciarte, Ana Gonzalez-Cordon, Jhon Rojas, Encarna Cordon, Jose Luis Blanco, Esteban Martinez, Josep Mallolas
Summary: This study retrospectively describes the initial implementation of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in the HIV Unit of the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, with a focus on vulnerability factors in the cohort. The results show that some participants had issues related to infections, risky practices, and substance use, highlighting the need for multidisciplinary teams to provide comprehensive care.
ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elisa de Lazzari, Leire Berrocal, Emma Fernandez, Montserrat Laguno, Ivan Chivite, Berta Torres, Ana Gonzalez-Cordon, Lorena de la Mora, Juan Ambrosioni, Alexy Iniciarte, Jose Luis Blanco, Josep Maria Miro, Esteban Martinez, Maria Martinez-Rebollar, Josep Mallolas
Summary: HIV infection is a chronic disease, but antiretroviral therapy has achieved the 90-90-90 objectives proposed by the World Health Organization. However, achieving a good health-related quality of life remains a challenge. This study assessed patient perception of outpatient care at a HIV unit in Barcelona and identified areas for improvement. The overall evaluation of clinical care was favorable, but the physical environment and waiting time received lower scores. 66% of respondents were willing to recommend the service.