Article
Microbiology
Marcelo L. Merli, Kaylie A. Padgett-Pagliai, Alexandra E. Cuaycal, Lucila Garcia, Maria Rosa Marano, Graciela L. Lorca, Claudio F. Gonzalez
Summary: The study revealed that a potential effector LotP of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' may interact with chaperones like GroEL and Hsp40 to enhance Lon protease activity, leading to damage in citrus plant tissues. LotP may also interact with plant proteins, indicating its potential role in protease activity.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Zuzana Gajarska, Lukas Brunnbauer, Hans Lohninger, Andreas Limbeck
Summary: LIBS has gained attention in online polymer identification, offering advantages over NIR due to its non-restricted analysis capabilities. However, difficulty in discriminating similar polymer compositions prompted the development of a novel chemometric strategy, which has shown promising results in practice.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Spectroscopy
Ying Zhang, Tianlong Zhang, Hua Li
Summary: Global environmental pollution has become more challenging in recent years, highlighting the importance of environmental monitoring for reflecting environmental quality. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an analytical technique with advantages such as rapid, real-time, and simultaneous detection of multiple elements, making it highly valuable for environmental analysis. This review article focuses on the progress of basic research and applications of LIBS technology in environmental analysis over the past decade, providing insights into its current research status.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Rong-Zhou Qiu, Shao-Ping Chen, Mei-Xiang Chi, Rong-Bo Wang, Ting Huang, Guo-Cheng Fan, Jian Zhao, Qi-Yong Weng
Summary: In this study, a deep learning-based automatic identification model for detecting citrus greening disease was developed. The model achieved high accuracy in recognizing the five symptoms of the disease and demonstrated good generalization performance under different imaging conditions. The model also showed better detection performance for experienced users and can be used as a preliminary screening tool. Researchers developed a user-friendly app called "HLBdetector" that allows farmers to quickly detect citrus greening disease using just a mobile phone without the need for expert guidance.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Saeed Hosseinzadeh, Steven A. Higgins, John Ramsey, Kevin Howe, Michael Griggs, Louela Castrillo, Michelle Heck
Summary: Diaphorina citri, the vector of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) associated with citrus greening disease, exhibits two color morphotypes, blue and non-blue, with differing characteristics in transmission efficiency and immunity-associated proteins. The proteomic profiles differ between the color morphs, with non-blue morphs showing higher mortality in response to entomopathogenic fungus but no differences in microbial load. These findings suggest that color polymorphism in D. citri may play a role in disease transmission and resistance under certain conditions.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Joon Hyuk Suh, Anirban Guha, Zhixin Wang, Sheng-Yang Li, Nabil Killiny, Christopher Vincent, Yu Wang
Summary: This study demonstrates that shading can alleviate the detrimental effects of Huanglongbing (HLB) on citrus trees. Through metabolomics and physiological approaches, the underlying metabolic mechanisms related to shade-induced morpho-physiological changes in citrus were investigated. Moderate shading prevents excessive starch accumulation, increases foliar sucrose levels, and promotes plant growth and fruit yield.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Muhammad Hilal Kabir, Mahamed Lamine Guindo, Rongqin Chen, Alireza Sanaeifar, Fei Liu
Summary: LIBS is a promising analytical technique with advantages such as fast response, multi-element analysis, and low running costs for accelerating the analysis of foods with medicinal properties. By combining LIBS with chemometrics, it can effectively detect the components of medicinal foods and provide a concise description.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohammad Monirul Hasan Tipu, Md. Mostafa Masud, Raunak Jahan, Artho Baroi, A. K. M. A. Hoque
Summary: Citrus greening is a serious disease affecting citrus trees globally, caused by Candidatus Liberibacter bacteria. The disease is spread by the Asian Citrus Psyllid and has no known cure, requiring removal of affected plants to prevent bacterial spread. Detection methods such as the pen test can help farmers identify symptoms and differentiate from nutritional deficiencies.
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Muhammad Nouman Khan, Qianqian Wang, Bushra Sana Idrees, Wenting Xiangli, Geer Teng, Xutai Cui, Zhifang Zhao, Kai Wei, Muhammad Abrar
Summary: Due to its wide applicability, Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is gaining momentum as a medical diagnostic tool in various cancer diseases. Quantitative analysis using chemometric and signal enhancement techniques, as well as the development of robust and effective LIBS devices, are crucial for its successful implementation in the medical field.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Nan Hao, Xin Gao, Qian Zhao, Peiqi Miao, Jiawei Cheng, Zheng Li, Changqing Liu, Wenlong Li
Summary: In this study, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technology combined with chemometrics was successfully used to classify chrysanthemum from nine different geographical sources. The first derivative combined with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm (1st Der-LASSO) was selected as the best processing method. According to the importance of variables calculated by the random forest (RF) model, Fe was the most important element to distinguish chrysanthemum from different origins.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Anoop Kumar Srivastava, Ashis Kumar Das, Prasanth Tej Kumar Jagannadham, Popy Bora, Firoz Ahmad Ansari, Ruchi Bhate
Summary: Microorganisms play an essential role in plant health and productivity, and understanding the composition and function of the citrus microbiome has become an area of renewed interest. However, the translation of this knowledge into commercial products for field application is still a challenge.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Jingwen Li, Fred G. Gmitter Jr, Boce Zhang, Yu Wang
Summary: This study utilizes an integrated analysis of untargeted metabolomics and microbiomics data to explore the interactions between plant metabolism and plant-associated bacteria in the development of HLB. Machine learning models are applied to identify important metabolites and bacteria and provide potential solutions for controlling HLB.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Horticulture
Eliezer Louzada, Omar Vazquez, Sandy Chavez, Mamoudou Setamou, Madhurababu Kunta
Summary: This research found the most reliable method for detecting only live CLas cells in citrus by testing primers amplifying various amplicon sizes.
Review
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Russell S. Harmon, Giorgio S. Senesi
Summary: Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a versatile atomic emission spectroscopy technique that allows for elemental analysis in a variety of environments and has vast potential for applications in the geosciences.
APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Caelin P. Celani, Rachel A. McCormick, Amelia M. Speed, William Johnston, James A. Jordan, Tyler B. Coplen, Karl S. Booksh
Summary: The illegal timber trade poses a significant threat to endangered tropical hardwood species like rosewood. In order to address this threat and take appropriate action, analytical methods are needed to identify rosewood species at port of entry. Handheld laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has the potential to identify species and determine the origin of rosewood and other tropical hardwoods, but detailed analysis methods for this work have not been extensively investigated.
JOURNAL OF CHEMOMETRICS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Matheus Lima de Mello, Nathalia Zanetti Barros, Marco Aurelio Speranca, Fabiola Manhas Verbi Pereira
Summary: This review examines the impurity issues in sugarcane processing from 1993 to 2021, highlighting the need for specialized analytical methods to address the inherent impurities in cane sugar manufacturing. Various options have been considered to tackle these impurity challenges.
FOOD ANALYTICAL METHODS
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Marco Aurelio Speranca, Paloma Andrade Martins Nascimento, Alejandro Cesar Olivieri, Fabiola Manhas Verbi Pereira
Summary: This study focused on analytical methods for evaluating impurities in sugarcane biorefineries, particularly mineral content, using X-ray fluorescence techniques and multivariate models to discriminate different clarification stages of sugarcane juices. The developed models showed promising results in estimating the contents of various elements with relative prediction errors of <14% and coefficients of determination >0.9083.
BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Nathalia Zanetti Barros, Marco Aurelio Speranca, Fabiola Manhas Verbi Pereira
Summary: The study used a digital image system and multivariate calibration strategy to analyze 64 samples of white crystal cane sugar, showing that the method can accurately estimate sugar content and perform well in identifying different content ranges. The new method is affordable and reliable, allowing for quick screening in situations where access to a laboratory and instrumentation is limited.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Matheus Lima de Mello, Marco Aurelio Speranca, Fabiola Manhas Verbi Pereira
Summary: This study used energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) to analyze samples from sugarcane and corn factories and identified differences in the chemical compositions of mineral scales formed during evaporation. The results can help the factories choose appropriate cleaning methods.
FOOD ANALYTICAL METHODS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Pedro L. Ramos-Gonzalez, Camila Chabi-Jesus, Aline D. Tassi, Renata Faier Calegario, Ricardo Harakava, Claudia F. Nome, Elliot W. Kitajima, Juliana Freitas-Astua
Summary: In this study, molecular and biological features of three new viruses of the family Kitaviridae were described through various analyses. These viruses are transmitted by Brevipalpus mites, which infect plants. The study also identified the Brevipalpus mite species associated with these viruses.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Chemistry, Analytical
Fabiola Manhas Verbi Pereira
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Matheus Luis Docema, Tatiana de Souza Moraes, Lisia Borges Attilio, Joao Paulo Rodrigues Marques, Liliane Cristina Liborio Stipp, Ricardo Harakava, Juliana Freitas-Astua, Jose Belasque Junior, Ricardo Antunes Azevedo, Salete Aparecida Gaziola, Francisco de Assis Alves Mourao Filho
Summary: Currently, there are no resistant sweet orange cultivars to citrus canker. Transgenic plants expressing antimicrobial peptides and resistance genes from tolerant cultivars were evaluated for resistance to Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc). Transgenic plants showed reduced incidence and severity of citrus canker, as well as lower Xcc titers. Higher superoxide dismutase activity in transgenic plants led to increased hydrogen peroxide production. Callose deposition, an important plant defense response, was observed in transgenic plants with lower Xcc populations.
PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Pedro Luis Ramos-Gonzalez, Gabriella Dias Arena, Aline Daniele Tassi, Camila Chabi-Jesus, Elliot Watanabe Kitajima, Juliana Freitas-Astua
Summary: Kitaviridae is a family of plant-infecting viruses that have unique localized infections and show deficient movement. They are transmitted by mites and infect a wide range of host plants, causing economic damage to crops.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Flavio A. Carvalho, Fernando B. Oda, Luis V. S. Sacramento, Fabiola M. V. Pereira, Eduardo J. Crevelin, Antonio E. M. Crotti, Andre G. Santos
Summary: This study evaluated the chemical composition and variability of the essential oil (EO) of Casearia sylvestris leaves. Variations in chemical components were found among different varieties and within the same variety. The main compounds in the EO were beta-elemene, alpha-humulene, germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene, spathulenol, caryophyllene oxide, and humulene epoxide II. Additionally, different varieties of C. sylvestris exhibited variations in trunk fissures and leaf morphology.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Giovanna Nalhiati, Gabriel Goncalves Borges, Marco Aurelio Speranca, Fabiola Manhas Verbi Pereira
Summary: This study presents a feasible analytical method for quality control of red alcohol vinegar without the need for dilutions, filtration, or expensive instrumentation. The method eliminates the requirement for adding chemicals. A total of 30 sample solutions were prepared using a 2(2) central composite design (CCD) to produce vinegar with good quality. Analyzing the data from square images converted into color histograms, multivariate classification models were calculated, and they exhibited a reliability higher than 0.9 for accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. This low-cost and user-friendly analytical method can be useful in identifying operational errors and out-of-specification end-products.
FOOD ANALYTICAL METHODS
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Silvia de Oliveira Dorta, Lisia Borges Attilio, Odimar Zanuzo Zanardi, Joao Roberto Spotti Lopes, Marcos Antonio Machado, Juliana Freitas-Astua
Summary: The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) is the vector of the devastating disease huanglongbing (HLB) in citrus. Previous research has shown the potential of using Bt strains containing cry/cyt genes to control ACP nymphs. This study attempted to produce transgenic sweet orange plants expressing the cry11A gene from Bt, and confirmed the presence and copy number of the transgene using PCR and Southern blot analyses. Greenhouse mortality assays showed that the tested events had effects ranging from 22% to 43% on D. citri nymphs after a five-day exposure period. This is the first report of citrus plants expressing the Bt cry11A gene for the management of D. citri nymphs.
JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Camila Chabi-Jesus, Pedro Luis Ramos-Gonzalez, Aline Daniele Tassi, Laura Rossetto Pereira, Marines Bastianel, Douglas Lau, Maria Cristina Canale, Ricardo Harakava, Valdenice Moreira Novelli, Elliot Watanabe Kitajima, Juliana Freitas-Astua
Summary: Citrus leprosis (CL) is a viral disease that seriously affects Brazilian citriculture. In this study, a new virus called citrus bright spot virus (CiBSV) was discovered in sweet orange trees affected by CL in small orchards in Southern Brazil. Sequence analysis revealed that CiBSV belongs to the genus Dichorhavirus and clusters with citrus leprosis virus N, which is transmitted by Brevipalpus phoenicis. Brevipalpus papayensis and B. azores were found in CiBSV-infected citrus plants, with B. azores being the only vector capable of transmitting the virus to Arabidopsis plants.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dennis da Silva Ferreira, Leticia da Silva Rodrigues, Fabiola Manhas Verbi Pereira, Edenir Rodrigues Pereira-Filho
Summary: This tutorial provides a step-by-step guide on using principal component analysis (PCA) to handle big datasets. Examples of chemical elements' concentration, emission spectrum, and energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) of e-waste were used. Five routines were proposed for data processing and PCA calculation, focusing on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), EDXRF, and heat maps preparation. The tutorial can be implemented in various softwares like MatLab, Octave, R, and Python. Three examples of applying PCA were given, including concentrations and spectra, as well as an example of creating heat maps for a hyperspectral image. A YouTube playlist was also created for further reference. The authors aim to contribute to research in this field.
Article
Plant Sciences
Gabriella D. Arena, Pedro L. Ramos-Gonzalez, Aline D. Tassi, Marcos A. Machado, Juliana Freitas-Astua
Summary: This study developed two TaqMan RT-qPCR assays for detecting and quantifying Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C) lineage SJP, which is prevalent in the Brazilian citrus belt and the world's main sweet orange production area. The assays targeted two specific genes, p29 and RdRp, and were proven to be efficient and sensitive. By quantifying the target genes in different tissues and organisms, the study revealed the distribution and accumulation of CiLV-C molecules, the higher quantities in sweet orange fruits compared to stems and leaves, as well as the progressive increase during the early stages of infection. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiology and virus-vector interaction of citrus leprosis.
TROPICAL PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jessika Angelotti-Mendonca, Perla Novais de Oliveira, Nathalia Felipe Ansante, Liliane Cristina Liborio Stipp, Juliana Freitas-Astua, Fernando Manuel Matias Hurtado, Jose Belasque, Francisco de Assis Alves Mourao Filho
Summary: Researchers investigated the role of the CsEDS5 gene in the resistance of transgenic plants by transforming it into Micro-Tom tomato plants. They found that some transgenic plants exhibited higher resistance to X. vesicatoria, which could be significant in mitigating the impact of citrus canker.
TROPICAL PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Qian Wu, Li Tian, Xiangyu Shan, Huiling Li, Chao Li, Juan Lu
Summary: A novel ECL sensor was developed by modifying Fe3CuO4-Ru(bpy)3+ and GO-CdS@ZnS on the electrode for the detection of permethrin. The sensor exhibited high sensitivity and a wide detection range.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Tingting Gong, Lei Liao, Bingying Jiang, Ruo Yuan, Yun Xiang
Summary: In this study, a fluorescent biosensing system for high sensitivity detection of MT was established using a new Ag+-stabilized DNA triplex probe (Ag+-SDTP) combined with catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) and CRISPR/Cas12a signal enhancements. The sensing method is able to selectively detect MT from other non-specific molecules and can achieve low level detection of MT in diluted human serums, demonstrating its potential for monitoring disease-specific MT biomarker at trace levels.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Estrella Sanz Rodriguez, Kyra Wood, Paul R. Haddad, Brett Paull
Summary: This study presents a simple, rapid, and reliable method for determining boron in aqueous solutions using suppressed ion chromatography coupled to electrospray ionisation-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The method achieved a low limit of detection and demonstrated excellent analytical performance.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Aline Cournut, Paul Moustiez, Yannick Coffinier, Christine Enjalbal, Claudia Bich
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a major cause of senile dementia and is characterized by the aggregation of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques in the brain. The A beta 1-42 peptide is considered the primary cause of neurotoxicity due to its insolubility and subsequent aggregation. A beta 1-42 and A beta 1-40 have been identified as relevant biomarkers for AD diagnosis, and SurfaceAssisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry (SALDI-MS) was used to monitor the A beta 1-42/A beta 1-40 ratio without prior sample treatment.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Dotse Selali Chormey, Buse Tugba Zaman, Tulay Borahan Kustanto, Sezin Erarpat Bodur, Suleyman Bodur, Elif Ozturk Er, Sezgin Bakirdere
Summary: This review provides an overview of the harmful effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on human health and introduces the methods for analyzing EDCs. Recent research has focused on using green chemicals, such as deep eutectic solvents (DESs), for microextraction to ensure environmental safety.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yan Zhang, Renfeng Xu, Jingjing Wu, Zhenghong Zhang, Yuhuang Wang, Hongqin Yang, Sheng Zhang
Summary: This study visualized the pore-like structures in prostate cancer cell membranes after treatment with the anticancer drug paclitaxel, demonstrating its mechanism of action related to oxidative damage.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Chihong Ma, Qin Zhou, Jinjin Shi, Hua Gao, Di Huang, Huimin Xue, Han Wang, Zhenzhong Zhang, Sen Yang, Junli Zhang, Kaixiang Zhang
Summary: We developed a CRISPR-empowered electrochemical biosensor, named PER-E-CRISPR, for amplification-free and sensitive detection of miR-21. The biosensor combines the advantages of CRISPR/Cas13a and primer exchange reaction (PER) for target amplification. Under optimized conditions, the PER-E-CRISPR assay exhibits a linear range from 10-13 to 10-7 M and a limit of detection of 30.2 fM. The biosensor shows excellent performance in actual plasma, indicating promising prospects for miRNA detection in molecular diagnosis.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Gang Liang, Jie Zhao, Yufei Gao, Tao Xie, Jianhui Zhen, Ligang Pan, Wenwen Gong
Summary: Molecular docking (MD) analysis is widely used for studying the interaction between aptamers and small molecules. This study established steady-state aptamers of tertiary structures (SATS) using specific aptamers of tetracycline antibiotics as docking models. Molecular docking results revealed multiple binding sites in the SATS of aptamers, with significant variations in binding free energy (BFE) and docking score (DS). The study also proposed a method for MD analysis based on SATS, providing insights into binding mode and predicting binding sites.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yixuan Xu, Changchang Teng, Huiping Dang, Dalong Yin, Lifeng Yan
Summary: Stable organic radical molecules with high NIR fluorescence quantum efficiency have been synthesized and encapsulated into nanoparticles, which show great potential for both photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) of tumors.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yu Su, Dandan Yang, Yanjie Wang, Jie Ding, Lan Ding, Daqian Song
Summary: In this study, a highly selective molecularly imprinted polymer Cu-MIPs@CS was designed and synthesized for bisphenol A (BPA). Cu-MIPs@CS showed significantly enhanced imprinting factor and selective factor towards BPA compared to MIPs@CS. It also exhibited superior discrimination ability between BPA and its structural analogue. Additionally, Cu-MIPs@CS were successfully applied as a solid phase extraction adsorbent for the determination of BPA in drinking water samples.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yi Qiao, Qiongdan Zhang, Yukun He, Tianguang Cheng, Jing Tu
Summary: Single cell heterogeneity plays an important role in many biological phenomena, and distinguishing cells with specific mutations is beneficial for clinical diagnosis and drug screening. This study introduces a gel plate platform that can distinguish cell types based on their phenotypes, with low equipment requirement. The gel platform has potential in point-of-care circumstances and single-cell stimulation responses that prioritize efficiency and simplicity.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Chengke Wang, Shuyang Sun, Ping Wang, Huawei Zhao, Wenling Li
Summary: The food safety of aquatic products is a global concern. Nanotechnology-based analyses have advantages in the detection of bacteria, metal ions, and small molecule contaminants. This review summarizes the recent advances in biosensing strategies for aquatic products and highlights the application of nanomaterials, lateral flow-based biosensors, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, microfluidic chips, and molecular imprinting technologies.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Liping Zhu, Zeng Tang, Xuemei Zhang, Li Zhu, Tian Meng, Linying Yu, Ting Xiao, Shasha Lu, Xiaoli Xiong, Xiurong Yang
Summary: A sensitive off-on electrochemiluminescence DNA sensor was developed using Exo III-assisted cascade amplification system. The sensor achieved high selectivity and ultra-high sensitivity in detecting target DNA by utilizing ECL and SPR effects. This study provides a new perspective for designing highly sensitive and programmable ECL biosensors.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Tong Li, Mengxu Sun, Suping Xia, Ting Huang, Rong-Tian Li, Chunrong Li, Zong Dai, Jin-Xiang Chen, Jun Chen, Nuan Jia
Summary: Here, we developed a binary system based on DNA tetrahedron and fluorogenic RNA aptamers for highly specific and label-free mRNA imaging in living cells. This system achieved high specificity label-free detection of nucleic acids with a detection limit of 1.34 nM. The method has potential applications in early disease diagnosis and new drug development.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yao Zhao, Shu Zhang, Wang Yao, Yuxuan Zhu, Jing Qian, Juan Yang, Nianjun Yang
Summary: A new hierarchical nanostructured composite with high conductivity and catalytic activity is synthesized. The sensor exhibits significant catalytic effect and high sensitivity for monitoring the environmental endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA).
