Article
Surgery
Samer Abu Salem, Gidon Almogy, Naama Lev-Cohain, Miklosh Bala, Nir Cohen, Omer Issachar, Alon J. Pikarsky, Jonathan B. Yuval
Summary: Measuring psoas muscle attenuation by abdominal CT scan can assess the mortality rate and length of hospital stay in elderly patients undergoing emergency laparotomy. This measurement serves as a basis for clinicians to evaluate surgical risk and hospital resource utilization.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Colin McQuade, Dara O. Kavanagh, Ciara O'Brien, Kathryn Hunter, Deirdre Nally, Conor Hickie, Emily Ward, William C. Torreggiani
Summary: This retrospective study of 80 patients undergoing emergency laparotomy found a significant association between CT-determined sarcopenia and 90-day mortality as well as post-operative admission to HDU or ICU. Patients with sarcopenia were more likely to experience adverse post-operative outcomes, suggesting the potential for using sarcopenia as a predictor for higher levels of post-operative care.
Article
Oncology
Eleonora Faccioli, Stefano Terzi, Chiara Giraudo, Andrea Zuin, Antonella Modugno, Francesco Labella, Giovanni Zambello, Giulia Lorenzoni, Marco Schiavon, Dario Gregori, Giulia Pasello, Fiorella Calabrese, Andrea Dell'Amore, Federico Rea
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the role of sarcopenia as a predictor of short- and long-term outcomes in patients surgically treated for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). The results demonstrated that pre- and post-operative sarcopenia strongly affected the risk of post-operative complications and long-term survival after surgery for MPM. This finding will help clinicians to better select patients and provide rehabilitation programs before surgery.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yasuhiro Takano, Shu Tsukihara, Wataru Kai, Daisuke Ito, Hironori Kanno, Kyonsu Son, Nobuyoshi Hanyu, Ken Eto
Summary: In elderly patients, osteopenia may be a risk factor for severe postoperative complications after emergency gastrointestinal surgery, as shown by univariate and multivariate analyses indicating that osteopenia is an independent risk factor.
ANNALS OF GASTROENTEROLOGICAL SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexandre Ingels, Sophie Duc, Karim Bensalah, Pierre Bigot, Philippe Paparel, Jean-Baptiste Beauval, Laurent Salomon, Alexandre De la Taille, Herve Lang, Francois-Xavier Nouhaud, Jose Batista Da Costa, Charles Dariane, Herve Baumert, Morgan Roupret, Thibaut Waeckel, Cedric Lebacle, Jean-Alexandre Long, Francois Henon, Jean-Jacques Patard, Nicolas Doumerc, Arnaud Mejean, Marie-Neige Videau, Jean-Christophe Bernhard
Summary: Clinical outcomes after partial nephrectomy in patients aged 75 years and above are acceptable, with robotic assistance being an independent protective factor against postoperative complications.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yun-Zhou Xiao, Xiao-Ting Wen, Ying-Ying Ying, Xiao-Yan Zhang, Lu-Yao Li, Zhong-Chu Wang, Miao-Guang Su, Xiang-Wu Zheng, Shou-Liang Miao
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the association between total abdominal muscle area (TAMA), total psoas area (TPA), psoas muscle density (PMD), and short-term postoperative complications in elderly patients with rectal cancer. The results showed that preoperative assessment of psoas muscle density on CT can be a simple and practical method for identifying elderly patients with rectal cancer at risk for severe postoperative complications.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lijuan Wang, Pengxue Li, Yifu Hu, Bo Cheng, Lili Ding, Lei Li, Jinghai Song, Junmin Wei, Jingyong Xu
Summary: This study analyzed the correlation between preoperative nutritional status, frailty, sarcopenia, body composition, and anthropometry in geriatric inpatients undergoing major pancreatic and biliary surgery. The study found a high prevalence and overlap rates of malnutrition, frailty, and sarcopenia in elderly inpatients, with body composition and function deteriorating with aging. Age and malignancy affected the nutrition diagnosis.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mei-Chen Liao, Cheng-Chang Yen, Yuh-Te Lin, Fong-Dee Huang, Yun-Te Chang
Summary: This study investigated the associations between mortality, emergency department re-visits, and geriatric syndrome-related illnesses among older adults who visited the ED. The results showed that older adults with possible sarcopenia had a higher mortality rate. This suggests that initial screening for sarcopenia and relevant risk factors among older adults in the ED may help improve their prognosis.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Majed El Hechi, Napaporn Kongkaewpaisan, Mohamad El Moheb, Brittany Aicher, Jose Diaz, Lindsay O'Meara, Cassandra Decker, Jennifer Rodriquez, Thomas Schroeppel, Rishi Rattan, Georgia Vasileiou, D. Dante Yeh, Ursula Simonosk, David Turay, Daniel Cullinane, Cory Emmert, Marta McCrum, Natalie Wall, Jeremy Badach, Anna Goldenberg-Sanda, Heather Carmichael, Catherine Velopulos, Rachel Choron, Joseph Sakran, Khaldoun Bekdache, George Black, Thomas Shoultz, Zachary Chadnick, Vasiliy Sim, Firas Madbak, Daniel Steadman, Maraya Camazine, Martin Zielinski, Claire Hardman, Mbaga Walusimbi, Mirhee Kim, Simon Rodier, Vasileios Papadopoulos, Georgios Tsoulfas, Javier Perez, Haytham Kaafarani
Summary: The study evaluated the predictive ability of the Emergency Surgery Score (ESS) for outcomes in elderly patients undergoing emergent laparotomy, finding that ESS can accurately predict mortality, morbidity, and need for ICU admission in patients aged 65-85, but its performance decreases in patients over 85 years old.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Madison E. Colcord, Jennifer H. Benbow, Sally Trufan, Nicole L. Gower, Meredith E. Byrne, Reilly E. Shea, Michael D. Watson, Joshua S. Hill, M. Hart Squires, Jonathan C. Salo
Summary: The study found that preoperative hand-grip strength is a strong predictor of postoperative pneumonia, length of stay, discharge to non-home location, and mortality after esophagectomy.
JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Merran Findlay, Kathryn White, Natalie Stapleton, Judith Bauer
Summary: This study found that CT-defined sarcopenia is associated with reduced overall survival in patients with head and neck cancer. Both pre- and post-treatment sarcopenia showed similar findings. Consensus and standardization in sarcopenia assessment and definitions are needed, and body composition assessment should be implemented as a clinically meaningful prognostic tool.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Mohamad El Moheb, Zhenyi Jia, Huanlong Qin, Majed W. El Hechi, Ask T. Nordestgaard, Jae Moo Lee, Kelsey Han, Haytham M. A. Kaafarani
Summary: The study found that overweight and obese elderly EGS patients had a lower risk of mortality, bleeding requiring transfusion, pneumonia, reintubation, stroke, and myocardial infarction in the postoperative period. Further research is needed to confirm and investigate this phenomenon known as the "obesity paradox."
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Michael Schneider, Martin Huebner, Fabio Becce, Joachim Koerfer, Jean-Aibert Collinot, Nicolas Demartines, Dieter Hahnloser, Fabian Grass, David Martin
Summary: This study found that lower muscle quality (SMRA) may be a better predictor of adverse outcomes than muscle quantity (SMA and SMI) after oncologic colon surgery. Factors such as major surgery, intraoperative blood loss, and intraoperative complications may be associated with major complications.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mark N. Pernik, William H. Hicks, Omar S. Akbik, Madelina L. Nguyen, Ivan Luu, Jeffrey Traylor, Palvasha R. Deme, Luke J. Dosselman, Kristen Hall, Sarah A. Wingfield, Salah G. Aoun, Carlos A. Bagley
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the association of psoas muscle mass defined sarcopenia with perioperative outcomes in geriatric patients undergoing elective spine surgery. The results showed that preoperative psoas muscle surface area was associated with increased need for intensive care and postoperative blood transfusion. This measurement could be included in geriatric preoperative risk assessment algorithms.
GLOBAL SPINE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sebastian Roth, Catrin Jansen, Rene M'Pembele, Alexandra Stroda, Udo Boeken, Payam Akhyari, Artur Lichtenberg, Markus W. Hollmann, Ragnar Huhn, Giovanna Lurati Buse, Hug Aubin
Summary: This study found that baseline FAR is independently associated with in-hospital TeC in patients undergoing VA-ECMO therapy, and may contribute to the prediction of TeC in this cohort.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Vinay Sundaram, Christina C. Lindenmeyer, Kirti Shetty, Robert S. Rahimi, Atef Al-Attar, Gianina Flocco, Brett E. Fortune, Cynthia Gong, Suryanarayana Challa, Haripriya Maddur, Janice H. Jou, Michael Kriss, Lance L. Stein, Alex H. Xiao, Ross H. Vyhmeister, Ellen W. Green, Braidie Campbell, Andrew J. Piscitello, William Cranford, Josh Levitsky, Constantine J. Karvellas
Summary: This retrospective study reviewed data from 10 centers in North America and found that patients with ACLF at liver transplantation have greater post-transplant healthcare resource utilization, including longer hospital stay, dialysis duration, discharge to a rehabilitation center, and higher 30-day readmission rates. Patients with ACLF-1, ACLF-2, and ACLF-3 had significantly longer hospital stay compared to those without ACLF. ACLF-3 was also associated with longer dialysis duration after transplantation and higher likelihood of discharge to a rehabilitation center. Bacterial infection after transplantation predicted longer hospital stay and higher 30-day readmission rates.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Anesthesiology
Dmitri Bezinover, Gianni Biancofiore, Marco Falcone, Costantine Karvellas, Shaid Husain, Fuat H. Saner
Summary: Solid organ transplantation is the best therapeutic option for patients with end-stage organ disease. However, infections remain a serious complication, with an increasing incidence of episodes due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria and opportunistic agents.
MINERVA ANESTESIOLOGICA
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Constantine J. Karvellas, Thomas M. Leventhal, Jorge L. Rakela, Jingwen Zhang, Valerie Durkalski, K. Rajender Reddy, Robert J. Fontana, R. Todd Stravitz, John R. Lake, William M. Lee, Justin R. Parekh
Summary: Liver transplantation is a life-saving treatment for acute liver failure patients. This study evaluated the long-term outcomes of patients listed for liver transplantation for acute liver failure. The 1- and 3-year post-transplant patient survival rates were 91% and 90%, respectively. Factors associated with death without transplantation included age, drug-induced liver injury, requirement for vasopressors, severe hepatic encephalopathy, and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease scores. Post-transplant outcomes for acute liver failure patients were excellent.
LIVER TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Francois M. Carrier, Christian Vincelette, Helen Trottier, Eva Amzallag, Adrienne Carr, Prosanto Chaudhury, Khaled Dajani, Rene Fugere, Jeanne-Marie Giard, Nelson Gonzalez-Valencia, Alexandre Joosten, Stanislas Kandelman, Constantine Karvellas, Stuart A. McCluskey, Timur Ozelsel, Jeieung Park, Eve Simoneau, Michael Chasse
Summary: The objective of this study was to describe some components of perioperative care in liver transplantation as reported by clinicians. A cross-sectional clinical practice survey was conducted, and the results showed significant equipoise on the optimal perioperative management of this population.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIA-JOURNAL CANADIEN D ANESTHESIE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Rahul Nanchal, Ram Subramanian, Waleed Alhazzani, Joanna C. Dionne, William J. Peppard, Kai Singbartl, Jonathon Truwit, Ali H. Al-Khafaji, Alley J. Killian, Mustafa Alquraini, Khalil Alshammari, Fayez Alshamsi, Emilie Belley-Cote, Rodrigo Cartin-Ceba, Steven M. Hollenberg, Dragos M. Galusca, David T. Huang, Robert C. Hyzy, Mats Junek, Prem Kandiah, Gagan Kumar, Rebecca L. Morgan, Peter E. Morris, Jody C. Olson, Rita Sieracki, Randolph Steadman, Beth Taylor, Constantine J. Karvellas
Summary: To provide evidence-based recommendations for clinicians caring for adults with acute liver failure (ALF) or acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) in the ICU, a multidisciplinary and international panel of experts developed guidelines. The panel followed strict procedures and policies, including systematic reviews and meta-analyses, to formulate recommendations based on the quality of evidence. The recommendations were categorized as strong or conditional, and some questions lacked sufficient evidence for a recommendation.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Rahul Nanchal, Ram Subramanian, Waleed Alhazzani, Joanna C. Dionne, William J. Peppard, Kai Singbartl, Jonathon Truwit, Ali H. Al-Khafaji, Alley J. Killian, Mustafa Alquraini, Khalil Alshammari, Fayez Alshamsi, Emilie Belley-Cote, Rodrigo Cartin-Ceba, Steven M. Hollenberg, Dragos M. Galusca, David T. Huang, Robert C. Hyzy, Mats Junek, Prem Kandiah, Gagan Kumar, Rebecca L. Morgan, Peter E. Morris, Jody C. Olson, Rita Sieracki, Randolph Steadman, Beth Taylor, Constantine J. Karvellas
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rebecca J. J. Deyell, Sunil Desai, Andrea Gallivan, Alecia Lim, Michael B. B. Sawyer, Steven B. B. Heymsfield, Wei Shen, Vickie E. E. Baracos
Summary: This study established models to predict the whole-body skeletal muscle and fat composition in pediatric oncology patients using cross-sectional abdominal images, and analyzed a previously recruited cohort of healthy children using whole-body MRI, showing high correlation. The results indicate that cross-sectional area data can be used to predict the whole-body skeletal muscle and fat composition in pediatric patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
R. Todd Stravitz, Robert J. Fontana, Constantine Karvellas, Valerie Durkalski, Brendan Mcguire, Jody A. Rule, Shannan Tujios, William M. Lee, Acute Liver Failure Study Grp
Summary: Acute liver failure (ALF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by rapid hepatocyte injury leading to liver failure without pre-existing cirrhosis. The Acute Liver Failure Study Group (ALFSG) was established in 1997 to study the causes, natural history, and management of ALF. Through clinical studies and collection of biosamples, significant findings have been made in the field. A recent conference was held to review ALFSG's accomplishments and discuss future research directions.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Babak J. Orandi, M. Chandler McLeod, Paul A. MacLennan, William M. Lee, Robert J. Fontana, Constantine J. Karvellas, Brendan M. McGuire, Cora E. Lewis, Norah M. Terrault, Jayme E. Locke
Summary: The FDA mandate limiting acetaminophen dosage to 325 mg/tablet in combination acetaminophen and opioid products was associated with a significant decrease in hospitalization rates and proportion of ALF cases involving acetaminophen and opioid toxicity.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ruben Hernaez, Constantine J. Karvellas, Yan Liu, Sophie-Caroline Sacleux, Saro Khemichian, Lance L. Stein, Kirti Shetty, Christina C. Lindenmeyer, Justin R. Boike, Douglas A. Simonetto, Robert S. Rahimi, Prasun K. Jalal, Manhal Izzy, Michael S. Kriss, Gene Y. Im, Ming V. Lin, Janice H. Jou, Brett E. Fortune, George Cholankeril, Alexander Kuo, Nadim Mahmud, Fasiha Kanwal, Faouzi Saliba, Vinay Sundaram, Thierry Artzner, Rajiv Jalan, Atef Al Attar, Kambiz Kosari, Richard Garcia, Gevork Salmastyan, William Cranford, Preet Patel, Pei Xue, Soumya Mishra, Madison Parks, Gianina Flocco, Mariana Hurtado, Islam Mohamed, Ross Vyhmeister, Christine R. Lopez, Braidie Campbell, Adam C. Winters, Mary Ann Simpson
Summary: The SALT-M score can predict one-year post-LT mortality in patients with severe ACLF. The ACLF-LT-LoS score can predict the median length of stay after LT. The use of these scores could assist in determining the benefits of transplantation.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Koji Amano, Sayaka Arakawa, Jane B. Hopkinson, Vickie E. Baracos, Shunsuke Oyamada, Saori Koshimoto, Naoharu Mori, Hiroto Ishiki, Tatsuya Morita, Takashi Takeuchi, Eriko Satomi
Summary: This study examined factors associated with practicing multimodal care for cancer cachexia among physicians and nurses. The results showed that factors such as gender, specialization in palliative care versus oncology, number of clinical guidelines used, training for cancer cachexia, knowledge on cancer cachexia, and confidence in cancer cachexia management were associated with the practice of multimodal care.
JCO ONCOLOGY PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Filipe S. Cardoso, Minjee Kim, Rui Pereira, Luis Bagulho, Pedro Fidalgo, Anna Pawlowski, Richard Wunderink, Nuno Germano, Sean M. Bagshaw, Juan G. Abraldes, Constantine J. Karvellas
Summary: This study aimed to describe and assess the impact of serum ammonia variation on the outcomes of critically ill patients with cirrhosis. It was found that higher serum ammonia levels in the early stage of ICU admission were associated with higher hospital mortality. Therefore, the variation in serum ammonia may have prognostic value.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Eric J. Roeland, Kari Bohlke, Vickie E. Baracos, Thomas J. Smith, Charles L. Loprinzi
Summary: ASCO Rapid Recommendations Updates revise guideline recommendations in response to new and practice-changing data, with the goal of providing the best available cancer care options to health practitioners and the public.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Constantine J. J. Karvellas, Thierry Gustot, Javier Fernandez
Summary: Acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) is the development of organ failure(s) in cirrhosis patients and has a high short-term mortality rate. Medical management of ACLF needs to consider the relationship between the underlying chronic liver disease/cirrhosis, precipitating insult, and involved organ systems. Intensive care management of ACLF focuses on promptly recognizing and treating triggering events and providing aggressive support for failing organs to ensure successful liver transplantation or recovery. The complexity of managing ACLF patients arises from their propensity to develop new organ failures and complications like infections or bleeding. A multidisciplinary team with expertise in critical care and transplant medicine is best suited for the management of critically ill ACLF patients. This review aims to identify common complications of ACLF and describe the appropriate management for critically ill patients awaiting liver transplantation, including organ support, prognostic assessment, and determining the likelihood of recovery.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Minjee Kim, Filipe S. Cardoso, Anna Pawlowski, Richard Wunderink, Daniela P. Ladner, Juan G. Abraldes, Constantine J. Karvellas
Summary: This observational cohort study examined the impact of MDR colonization and MDR infection on survival in critically ill cirrhosis patients. The results showed that MDR colonization and MDR infection were associated with lower transplant-free survival in these patients.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)