Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Dimitry Dzhurinskiy, A. Babu, P. Pathak, A. Elkin, S. Dautov, P. Shornikov
Summary: The study investigated the effects of adding B4C and Cr2O3 during atmospheric plasma spraying on Cr3C2-NiCr coatings. The results showed that the 10% weight fraction of Cr2O3 in the coating exhibited high wear resistance and erosion resistance under all conditions. Additionally, the coating had a dense microstructure and high hardness.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
K. Manjunatha, G. Giridhara, D. Shivalingappa
Summary: This study demonstrates the effect of different weight percentages of carbon nanotubes on the high-temperature erosion behavior of NiCr-Cr3C2 composite coatings. The addition of CNTs reduces weight loss and erosion rate of the coatings at different impingement angles, resulting in improved erosion resistance.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Eduardo Enrique Velez Barragan, Marco Aurelio Gonzalez Albarran, Eduardo Rodriguez de Anda, Gabriel Israel Vasquez Guillen, Josede Jesus Ibarra Montalvo, Juan Carlos Diaz Guillen, Jorge Manuel Chavez Aguilar
Summary: This study investigated the erosion resistance of two coatings at 25 degrees C and 900 degrees C, and found that the C1 coating had better erosion resistance than the C2 coating at both testing temperatures and the three impact angles. The C2 coating was 11% harder than C1 but had a 62.2% decrement in its K-IC value. This was due to the presence of SiC hard particles inducing minor cracks and the larger propagation of cracks in the C2 coating.
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Felice Rubino, David Merino, Alessia Teresa Silvestri, Claudio Munez, Pedro Poza
Summary: In this study, low-power compact plasma spray (CPS) equipment was used to deposit Cr3C2-based cermet coatings on carbon steel substrate. Design of experiment and ANOVA analysis were employed to select and optimize the spraying parameters and evaluate the effect of these variables on the morphology and mechanical properties of the coatings. By optimizing the processing parameters, dense and compact coatings with high hardness and good adhesion strength were obtained.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Rahul Jude Alroy, M. Kamaraj, D. Vijaya Lakshmi, K. Praveen, P. Suresh Babu, G. Sivakumar
Summary: Thermal sprayed Cr3C2-NiCr coatings are widely used for protecting industrial components from erosive degradation. The choice of thermal spraying technique affects the coating microstructure and erosion performance. In this study, HVAF spray deposited coatings exhibited the best erosion resistance, followed by DS spray, while plasma sprayed coatings showed inferior erosion performance due to defective microstructure.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yongang Zhang, Kai Chong, Qi Liu, Yu Bai, Zhibin Zhang, Dongting Wu, Yong Zou
Summary: The study found that supersonic atmosphere plasma spraying facilitates carbide dissolution/diffusion during coating deposition, while post heat treatment allows nano-sized carbides to precipitate, improving hardness and wear resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Abhishek Babu, Dmitry Dzhurinskiy, Stanislav Dautov, Petr Shornikov
Summary: The present work investigates the microstructural features, mechanical properties, and electrochemical behavior of atmospheric plasma spray Cr3C2-NiCr based coatings used as erosion and corrosion-resistant materials. The addition of B4C and Cr2O3 improves the properties of the coatings. The corrosion resistance of the coatings is strongly influenced by the coating type, crack distribution, and porosity levels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
K. Arunkumar, D. Thirumalaikumarasamy, P. Thirumal
Summary: Thermal spray cermet coatings can enhance the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of turbine blades, making them suitable for high temperature and corrosive environments. The angle of impingement was found to have the most significant impact on the erosion rate of the coatings.
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Rahul Jude Alroy, M. Kamaraj, G. Sivakumar
Summary: High velocity sprayed Cr3C2-NiCr coatings are effective solutions to improve the life of power plant components, and their performance is influenced by the choice of processing conditions. The new generation convertible HVAF process offers higher versatility and the use of oxygenated HVAF(O) spraying can achieve better coating performance. The morphology and fracture mechanisms of single particle splats were correlated with the microstructural features, mechanical properties, and erosion performance. Among the coatings studied, HVAF(O) sprayed coarse Cr3C2-NiCr and HVAF sprayed fine Cr3C2-NiCr coatings exhibited the least thermal degradation, better mechanical properties, and enhanced erosion performance.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Subba Rao Medabalimi, M. R. Ramesh, Ravikiran Kadoli
Summary: Partial oxidation significantly affects the performance of coatings, reducing wear rate at high temperatures. The wear rate of coatings decreases with an increase in temperature, while the coefficient of friction gradually decreases with temperature. The wear rate coefficient of NiCr coating is 1.7 times higher than that of NiCrBSiFe coating.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
S. Sauceda, S. Lascano, J. Nunez, C. Parra, C. Arevalo, L. Bejar
Summary: High Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) thermal spray coating is widely used for surface improvement and component remanufacturing. This study evaluates the effect of application parameters on the properties of Cr3C2-20(Ni20Cr)HORN coatings on AISI 4140 steel using HVOF technique. The fuel/oxygen ratio, powder flow, substrate roughness, and spray gun speed were found to significantly influence the thickness, porosity, surface hardness, and microhardness of the coatings. Coatings with desirable properties can be achieved with specific parameter settings.
ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL-JESTECH
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Subba Rao Medabalimi, M. R. Ramesh, Ravikiran Kadoli
Summary: This study investigated the solid particle erosion behavior of partially oxidized NiCrBSiFe and NiCr coatings by varying temperature and impact angle. It was found that partially oxidized NiCrBSiFe coating exhibited better erosion resistance compared with partially oxidized NiCr coating, with NiCr coating demonstrating maximum volumetric erosion loss at 45 degrees impact angle and NiCrBSiFe at 60 degrees impact angle under all tested temperatures.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL SPRAY TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kaili Feng, Tianying Wang, Yimai Liang, Rong Wang, Changliang Wang, Tianmin Shao
Summary: In this study, the long-term oxidation behavior of thermal spray NiCr-Cr3C2-BaF2/CaF2 composite coating at 800 degrees C was investigated. It was found that the presence of fluorides reduced the oxidation resistance of the composite coating, leading to segregation and oxidation of BaF2/CaF2 at high temperature. The formation of an oxide layer containing CaCrO4 and liquid BaCrO4 was observed on the coating surface, accompanied by the generation of voids and gaps in the near surface of the composite coating.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sheng Hong, Jiyue Qin, Jinran Lin, Yuping Wu, Jiahui Li, Yuan Zheng
Summary: The effects of sand concentrations and flow velocities on the hydro-abrasive erosion behavior of carbide-based cermet coatings were studied. The WC-Cr3C2-Ni coating exhibited better resistance to hydro-abrasive erosion compared to the Cr3C2-NiCr coating. Higher sand concentrations and flow velocities caused more severe hydro-abrasive degradation for both coatings, with flow velocity having a greater influence on erosion resistance than sand concentration.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Rahul Jude Alroy, Ratnesh Pandey, M. Kamaraj, G. Sivakumar
Summary: In this study, Cr3C2-NiCr coatings of different particle sizes were deposited using HVAF and HVAF(O) spray mode. The coatings were compared based on their micro-structural features, phases present, properties, and erosion performance. It was found that coatings deposited using medium-length, convergent-divergent nozzles showed better mechanical properties and erosion performance. Additionally, fine particle size coatings sprayed using HVAF and coarse particle size coatings sprayed using HVAF(O) displayed improved characteristics and properties.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Papiya Bhowmik, Ravi Kant, Rahul Nair, Harpreet Singh
Summary: The study aims at developing a biodegradable composite by reinforcing waste Kibisu silk fiber into wheat gluten, which shows good tensile properties, high temperature mass degradation, and outstanding biodegradation rate under normal atmospheric conditions. The composites have potential to substitute harmful plastic disposables like plastic seedling pots and plates.
JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Anuj Bansal, Jagtar Singh, Harpreet Singh, Deepak Kumar Goyal
Summary: Hydrophobic PTFE coatings with varying thicknesses were tested for cavitation erosion resistance on hydro-machinery SS410 steel. The coating with a maximum thickness of 121 μm exhibited the highest resistance, attributed to its lowest fracture toughness and better cushioning effect. Overall, thinner PTFE layers showed increased contact angle but also higher cavitation erosion.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lopamudra Palodhi, Biswajit Das, Harpreet Singh
Summary: Experimental investigations and numerical simulations have shown the systematic effect of particle size on materials, but there is a lack of systematic studies on the role of particle morphology. This paper addresses this gap by comparing deformation behavior and critical velocity of particles with varying morphologies and sizes. The study demonstrates the importance of understanding the distribution of particle size and morphology in order to optimize processing conditions.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Avneesh Kumar, Ravi Kant, Harpreet Singh
Summary: This study investigates the tribological behavior and performance of Titanium/Baghdadite cold sprayed composite coatings for artificial human joints in dry and simulated body fluid environments. The coatings are found to effectively protect biomedical grade steel from wear in different environments, with three-body abrasion wear and adhesive wear as the dominant mechanisms observed. The coatings exhibit good adhesion with the substrate, and their hydrophilicity improves with an increase in Baghdadite content.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Navneet K. Singh, Andrew S. M. Ang, Dhiraj K. Mahajan, Harpreet Singh
Summary: WC-NiCr and WC-Hastelloy C coatings were deposited on Monel K-500 substrate using HVOF-spray to enhance the cavitation erosion resistance of the alloy. Both coatings reduced the erosion volume loss of the alloy, with WC-NiCr showing a superior performance due to its better combination of microhardness and fracture toughness. The cavitation erosion in the coatings was characterized by the formation of craters, cavities, and debonding of splats, while microplastic tearing and microcracks were observed as the primary erosion mechanism in Monel K-500.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Gurpreet Singh, Viney Ghai, Shilpi Chaudhary, Surinder Singh, Prabhat K. Agnihotri, Harpreet Singh
Summary: This study demonstrates that graphene deposition can improve the thermal conductivity of laser cladded copper, showing effectiveness in enhancing material thermal performance. After irradiation tests with high-energy prompt gamma-rays and heavy nuclei exposure, the structural morphology and thermal conductivity of graphene-coated laser cladded copper remained intact, indicating its sustainability in actual environmental conditions.
EMERGENT MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Rachit Kumar Sharma, Geo Raju, Prabir Sarkar, Harpreet Singh, Ekta Singla
Summary: This study compares the environmental impacts of two dosage forms of paracetamol using life cycle assessment technique. The results show that syrup production has a higher contribution in various impact categories compared to tablet production, highlighting the importance of considering environmental sustainability in pharmaceutical product management.
ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Avneesh Kumar, Ravi Kant, Harpreet Singh
Summary: This study investigates the effect of laser remelting on the cold-sprayed titanium composite coatings and finds that it can improve the density, microhardness, and wear resistance of the coatings.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Avneesh Kumar, Dhruva Kumar Goyal, Ravi Kant, Harpreet Singh
Summary: This study aimed to enhance the corrosion performance of cold-sprayed titanium/baghdadite bio-composite coatings through laser post processing. The results showed that laser treatment significantly improved the corrosion resistance by reducing porosity and surface roughness.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Prabhjot Singh, Harpreet Singh, Anoop Kumar Singh
Summary: This paper presents an experimental study on the influence of air swirl vane angles on pollutants in a heavy oil fuel fired furnace. The results show that vane angles of 45 degrees and 30 degrees emit the least HC and CO, whereas a vane angle of 90 degrees emits the most. A vane angle of 45 degrees results in the lowest NOx emission. Furthermore, for complete combustion, the secondary air entry area should be twice the primary air entry area in the novel burner.
ENERGY SOURCES PART A-RECOVERY UTILIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Avneesh Kumar, Harpreet Singh, Ravi Kant
Summary: Deposition of coatings on a cheaper substrate material is an economical and effective way to improve its surface properties. This study examines the impact of substrate surface roughness and ceramic content on the deposition behavior of coatings, highlighting the importance of polishing the substrate for better adhesion. Additionally, high ceramic content in the feedstock leads to reduced deposition efficiency and mechanical properties. Furthermore, the cold sprayed Ti/20%TiO2 composite coating demonstrates successful corrosion and wear protection for the steel substrate.
METALS AND MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Surinder Singh, Christopher C. Berndt, R. K. Singh Raman, Harpreet Singh, Andrew S. M. Ang
Summary: The harsh operating conditions in the steel making processes lead to degradation of production hardware due to high temperature oxidation, erosion, wear, impact, and corrosive environments. This negatively affects steel product quality and efficiency, resulting in production downtime and maintenance costs. This article reviews the need for thermal spray coatings and advancements in materials and spray processes. It highlights the application and development of thermal spray coatings for various stages of steel making, including molten metal processing, continuous casting, annealing, galvanizing, and shaping processes. The potential use of thermal spray feedstock materials and processes to replace hazardous hard chrome plating is also discussed. The adoption of novel coating solutions is projected to improve productivity in the steel making industry as awareness and acceptance of thermal spray technology grow.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Sahil Dhiman, Ravinder Singh Joshi, Sachin Singh, Simranpreet Singh Gill, Harpreet Singh, Rakesh Kumar, Vinod Kumar
Summary: The increasing demand for customized products leads to more metallic waste, requiring advanced technologies for sustainable recycling. Ball milling technology is evaluated for recycling machining chips into chip powder for use in additive manufacturing processes. Despite the energy efficiency and promising results, challenges exist for the realization of the benefits of ball milling technology.
CLEANER ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Rachit Kumar Sharma, Prashant Kumar Singh, Prabir Sarkar, Harpreet Singh
Summary: This study identified the most effective green interventions for green supply chain management using interpretive structural modelling technique. Developing environmental strategies, policies and procedures, as well as performance review and long term action plan, were found to be the most influential green interventions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE ENGINEERING
(2021)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Anuj Bansal, Jagtar Singh, Harpreet Singh
Summary: The study found that the slurry erosion rate of SS410 steel increases with the increase in slurry concentration and jet velocity, but decreases with the increase in average particle size. Slurry erosion was found to be maximum at a specific combination of parameters, including lowest average particle size, 60 degrees impingement angle, maximum concentration, and maximum jet velocity.
MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Yanchun Xie, Xiaodong Wang, Shenshen Cui, Jiali Hu, Yongcun Wei, Yi Lian, Anwu Xuan, Bin Yu, Erlin Zhang
Summary: In this study, Ti-xFe (x = 3,5,9 wt%) alloys were surface modified by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) to improve their antimicrobial properties and biocompatibility. The results showed that increasing the oxidation voltage greatly enhanced the roughness and hydrophilicity of Ti-xFe-MAO alloys. The Ti-xFe alloys micro-arc oxidized at 250 V and 300 V exhibited improved corrosion resistance and excellent antimicrobial and cytocompatibility properties, making them suitable for orthopedic implant materials.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Yuting Hao, Zuoyan Ye, Lili Wang, Minheng Ye, Hui Dong, Chao Wang, Yunchen Du
Summary: This study focuses on the modification of PEO coatings on Ta-12W alloy using NH4F additive. The results show that ultra-low porosity coatings can be prepared by optimizing the NH4F content. The formation process of specific structures on the coating surface is discussed, and the effects of NH4F concentration and treatment duration on coating characteristics are investigated.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Yuanzhuo Liu, Linjiang Chai, Tao Yang, Chaodan Hu, Chuanmei Wang, Guoqiang Xi
Summary: By employing a pulsed laser, laser cladding was performed on IN718 alloy pre-coated with CrCoNi-TiC/SiC powders and three defect-free coatings were successfully prepared. The addition of TiC and SiC powders generated fine carbides dispersed in the coatings and led to changes in grain and substructure morphologies, resulting in increased hardness and wear resistance.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
M. Ghaemi, A. Lopez-Cazalilla, K. Sarakinos, G. J. Rosaz, C. P. A. Carlos, S. Leith, S. Calatroni, M. Himmerlich, F. Djurabekova
Summary: The use of high-power impulse magnetron sputtering can result in dense and uniform niobium films on all surfaces of superconducting rf cavities, as simulated and investigated in this study.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Jiaheng Du, Xinli Fan, Dongqin Xiao, Wuxiang Wang, Yiran Yin, Zhong Li, Kui He, Yanfei Tan, Jiyuan Yan, Gangli Liu, Ke Duan
Summary: This study investigated the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of magnesium oxide (MgO) coatings on micro-arc oxidized titanium (MAO-Ti) and evaluated their in vitro antibacterial properties and biocompatibility. The results showed that MgO coatings significantly reduced bacterial numbers and biofilm formation, while also demonstrating good cytocompatibility and induction of osteoblast mineralization.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Samiksha Moharana, Yuichi Otsuka, R. Gnanamoorthy
Summary: The addition of titania to HAp coatings improves their wear resistance and reduces damage to titanium implants caused by debris generation. This study evaluates the fretting wear resistance of titania-added HAp suspension plasma spray coating and finds that it exhibits reduced friction coefficient and increased wear resistance.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Li-Ping Wu
Summary: The functional hazenite coating deposited on AZ31 Mg alloy showed improved roughness and hydrophilicity, enhanced biocompatibility, reduced degradation rate, and decreased susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Ning Tian, Delei Xu, Jinfei Wei, Bucheng Li, Junping Zhang
Summary: This study reports the preparation of a superhydrophobic and anti-bacterial fabric for face masks. The fabric exhibits high superhydrophobicity and excellent moisture resistance, enabling functionality effectiveness in cold weather conditions. The fabric also demonstrates remarkable anti-bacterial activity against E. coli, attributed to the synergistic effect of superhydrophobicity and embedded ZnO nanoparticles. This superhydrophobic anti-bacterial fabric holds great potential for various practical applications in personal protective equipment, healthcare, and disease prevention.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Katharina Beck, Anke S. Ulrich, Andreas K. Czerny, Emma M. H. White, Martin Heilmaier, Mathias C. Galetz
Summary: Refractory metal based alloys have great potential as structural materials for high-temperature applications due to their high melting points. However, they are prone to catastrophic oxidation at around 700 degrees C. This study investigated the effect of aluminium diffusion coatings on the oxidation resistance of pure molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, and tungsten. The results showed that the aluminization improved the oxidation behavior and decreased the oxide growth rate for molybdenum and tantalum.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Wenwen Shuai, Haijun Dou, Zhichen Guan, Wei Qian, Zhibao Li, Yinqun Hua, Jie Cai
Summary: This study synthesized (Y1-xLax)3Al5O12 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) materials by doping lanthanum ions, and found that the doped materials exhibited improved mechanical properties and thermal expansion coefficient, as well as enhanced resistance to CMAS corrosion. These materials have potential applications.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Xianglei Liu, Jiahui Ding, Wanbo Hou, Xinhao Shi, Tao Feng, Xiangyuan Meng, Shifeng Wen, Mingde Tong, Zhufeng Yue
Summary: A composite coating was developed to improve the adhesion, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance, which exhibited significant enhancements in these properties.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Hongxuan Xing, Jidong Li, Xianwei Hu, Liang Tian, Renyun Zhang, Yiyong Wang
Summary: By depositing a Cu/Co-Mo corrosion-resistant plating layer on the surface of 6061 Al alloy, the bonding strength between the alloy and the plating layer can be improved and the corrosion resistance can be enhanced. The composite coating forms an obvious three-layer structure with Co-Mo coating exhibiting amorphous characteristics and Co3Mo phase composition. The composite coating improves the corrosion resistance and hardness of the substrate, effectively protecting the 6061 Al alloy.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Fan Yang, Debin Wang, Tianrun Li, Baijun Yang, Suode Zhang, Jianqiang Wang
Summary: The impact-corrosion behavior of monolayer and hierarchical Fe-based amorphous coatings fabricated by HVAF was investigated in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. The monolayer coating exhibits corrosion failure with increased impact energy, while the hierarchical coating shows improved resistance. However, at high impact energies, both coatings experience corrosion degradation.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Shoaib Ahmad, Muddasir Nawaz, Solaiman Mohammad, R. A. Shakoor, Ramazan Kahraman, Talal Mohammed Al Tahtamouni
Summary: This research presents a novel self-healing anti-corrosion composite coating that demonstrates higher inhibition efficiency and self-healing effect, providing protection for metallic structures against corrosive environments.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Hui-Wen Peng, Chun-Hway Hsueh
Summary: A series of (CoCrNi)100-x-ySixNdy medium entropy alloy films with manipulated metalloid element, Si, and rare earth element, Nd, were synthesized using magnetron three-target co-sputtering. The films showed different structures and mechanical properties with varying Si and Nd contents. The optimized mechanical properties were observed in the film with Si0.61Nd5.14, attributed to precipitation strengthening and grain refinement.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
