Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jin Qin, Lin Liu, Xu D. Su, Bin B. Wang, Bao S. Fu, Jun Z. Cui, Xiao Y. Liu
Summary: PCSK9 inhibitors significantly reduce the risk of total brain stroke and ischemic brain stroke without increasing the risk of brain hemorrhage and neurocognitive impairment. There was no significant difference observed in cardiovascular mortality.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Lan Lin, Yue Jin, Min Xiong, Shuicai Wu, Shen Sun
Summary: Sustainable cognitive health is affected by cognitive reserve, which delays or reduces cognitive decline by enhancing cognitive function. This study explores whether cognitive reserve moderates the relationship between white matter integrity and cognitive function in older adults. The findings reveal that early fluid intelligence has a significant independent and moderating impact on cognitive performance, making it a suitable individual proxy for cognitive reserve. Additionally, a composite proxy of early fluid intelligence and physical activity shows promise in promoting sustainable cognitive health.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anna Frey, Gyorgy A. Homola, Carsten Henneges, Larissa Muhlbauer, Roxane Sell, Peter Kraft, Maximilian Franke, Caroline Morbach, Marius Vogt, Wolfgang Mullges, Georg Ertl, Laszlo Solymosi, Lukas Pirpamer, Reinhold Schmidt, Mirko Pham, Stefan Stork, Guido Stoll
Summary: In patients with mild HF, reduced hippocampal volume at baseline was associated with impaired cognitive function, but no accelerated deterioration in cognition and brain atrophy was observed over a mid-term period of three years. The only decline in cognition during this period was in the domain of intensity of attention.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anna Frey, Gyoergy A. Homola, Carsten Henneges, Larissa Muewhlbauer, Roxane Sell, Peter Kraft, Maximilian Franke, Caroline Morbach, Marius Vogt, Wolfgang Muellges, Georg Ertl, Laszlo Solymosi, Lukas Pirpamer, Reinhold Schmidt, Mirko Pham, Stefan Stoerk, Guido Stoll
Summary: In patients with chronic heart failure, reduced hippocampal volume at baseline is associated with impaired cognitive function, but no accelerated deterioration in cognition and brain atrophy was evident over a three-year mid-term period. Cognitive function remained stable during the observation period, with only a slight decline in attention intensity.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Tsz-lok Lee, Zihan Ding, Agnes S. Chan
Summary: Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) has shown positive effects on enhancing cognitive function in healthy adults and remediating impaired cognitive function in adults with cognitive disorders.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Elizabeth Disbrow, Karen Y. Stokes, Christina Ledbetter, James Patterson, Roger Kelley, Sibile Pardue, Tyler Reekes, Lana Larmeu, Vinita Batra, Shuai Yuan, Urska Cvek, Marjan Trutschl, Phillip Kilgore, J. Steven Alexander, Christopher G. Kevil
Summary: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays an important role in cerebrovascular disease and cognitive dysfunction. Studies have found elevated levels of H2S in ADRD, which are correlated with microvascular disease indices.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yue Jin, Lan Lin, Min Xiong, Shen Sun, Shui-cai Wu
Summary: The study examines the importance of cognitive reserve (CR) for brain integrity and cognitive outcomes using UK Biobank data. The findings suggest that the effects of CR on brain integrity and cognition vary depending on the proxy used, brain integrity indicators, cognitive domain, and age group.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2023)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Betty Chinda, Kim H. Tran, Sam Doesburg, William Siu, George Medvedev, S. Simon Liang, Angela Brooks-Wilson, Xiaowei Song
Summary: This article summarizes and evaluates the literature on the cognitive effects of revascularization in patients with carotid stenosis using functional MRI. The findings show treatment-related changes in brain function, which are associated with improvement in cognitive function.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Marte Stine Einstad, Ingvild Saltvedt, Stian Lydersen, Marie H. Ursin, Ragnhild Munthe-Kaas, Hege Ihle-Hansen, Anne-Brita Knapskog, Torunn Askim, Mona K. Beyer, Halvor Naess, Yngve M. Seljeseth, Hanne Ellekjaer, Pernille Thingstad
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of concurrent motor and cognitive impairments 3 months after stroke. Results showed that 30-40% of participants had motor or cognitive impairments, while 20% had both impairments simultaneously. Motor performance was found to be associated with memory, executive function, and global cognition.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Keita Watanabe, Shingo Kakeda, Kiyotaka Nemoto, Keiichi Onoda, Shuhei Yamaguchi, Shotai Kobayashi, Yoshinori Yamakawa
Summary: The relationship between brain volume and cognitive function becomes more obscure with age, but is stronger in the young adult/middle age group. Years of education is associated with the maintenance of cognitive function despite brain atrophy.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ryuzo Orihashi, Yoshito Mizoguchi, Yoshiomi Imamura, Shigeto Yamada, Akira Monji
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between serum levels of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2) and brain volume in older adults. However, the results showed no correlation between serum sTREM2 levels and volume of different brain regions closely related to cognitive function in older adults aged 65 years and above.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Hua-Jun Liang, Thomas Ernst, Eric Cunningham, Linda Chang
Summary: This study found that tobacco smoking additionally contributes to brain atrophy and cognitive deficits in people with HIV disease. The greater brain atrophy in HIV-infected smokers may be due to greater neuronal damage or myelin loss in various brain regions, leading to their poor cognitive performance.
Article
Neuroimaging
Rory Boyle, Lee Jollans, Laura M. Rueda-Delgado, Rossella Rizzo, Goersev G. Yener, Jason P. McMorrow, Silvin P. Knight, Daniel Carey, Ian H. Robertson, Derya D. Emek-Savas, Yaakov Stern, Rose Anne Kenny, Robert Whelan
Summary: By applying machine learning to predict the relationship between chronological age and grey matter data based on MRI scans, and then applying this model to independent datasets, it was found that increased brain-predicted age differences were significantly negatively correlated with reduced cognitive function in certain domains. This suggests a strong connection between accelerated ageing as predicted by brain age and cognitive decline in specific areas.
BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Ilinca Popp, Alexander Rau, Elias Kellner, Marco Reisert, Jamina Tara Fennell, Thomas Rothe, Carsten Nieder, Horst Urbach, Karl Egger, Anca Ligia Grosu, Christoph P. Kaller
Summary: The study demonstrates that hippocampus avoidance WBRT can more effectively reduce hippocampal atrophy compared to conventional WBRT, making it a therapeutic option for patients with multiple brain metastases.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Huo-Hua Zhong, Jian-feng Qu, Wei-Min Xiao, Yang-kun Chen, Yong-lin Liu, Zhi-qiang Wu, Dong-hai Qiu, Wen-cong Liang
Summary: This study found that in patients with early subacute ischemic stroke, the severity of lesions involving the CCP may be associated with cognitive impairment at 3 months. Factors such as age, IQCODE score, CHIPS score, and depression rating scale score were identified as independent predictors of PSCI. Additionally, cognitive function status and IQCODE scores were related to functional outcomes at 3 months after stroke.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andree-Ann Baril, Alexa S. Beiser, Vincent Mysliwiec, Erlan Sanchez, Charles S. DeCarli, Susan Redline, Daniel J. Gottlieb, Pauline Maillard, Jose Rafael Romero, Claudia L. Satizabal, Jared M. Zucker, Sudha Seshadri, Matthew P. Pase, Jayandra J. Himali
Summary: The study found that reduced slow-wave sleep was associated with lower cortical and subcortical brain volume, as well as higher white matter hyperintensities volume, suggesting a possible acceleration of brain aging. However, there was no association between slow-wave sleep duration and hippocampal volume or covert brain infarcts.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Galit Weinstein, Kendra Davis-Plourde, Alexa S. Beiser, Sudha Seshadri
Summary: The study found that high resting heart rate and heart rate variability can influence the risk of stroke and dementia, especially in older adults and men.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maria Stefanidou, Jayandra J. Himali, Orrin Devinsky, Jose R. Romero, Mohammad Arfan Ikram, Alexa S. Beiser, Sudha Seshadri, Daniel Friedman
Summary: The study found that hypertension is a risk factor for predicting late-onset epilepsy, with nearly 2-fold increased risk even after adjustment for previous and interim stroke.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Ramachandran S. Vasan, Stephanie Pan, Vanessa Xanthakis, Alexa Beiser, Martin G. Larson, Sudha Seshadri, Gary F. Mitchell
Summary: This study examines the association between arterial stiffness and various health outcomes, including hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, dementia, cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, stroke, and death. The results show that arterial stiffness is associated with an increased risk of these health outcomes.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Joel Salinas, Alexa S. Beiser, Jasmeet K. Samra, Adrienne O'Donnell, Charles S. DeCarli, Mitzi M. Gonzales, Hugo J. Aparicio, Sudha Seshadri
Summary: This study found that loneliness is associated with an increased 10-year risk of developing dementia and early cognitive and neuroanatomic markers of Alzheimer's disease and related dementia vulnerability. These findings have important implications for clinical and public health.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ramachandran S. Vasan, Danielle M. Enserro, Vanessa Xanthakis, Alexa S. Beiser, Sudha Seshadri
Summary: This study examined the remaining lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease over the past six decades in a predominantly White community-based cohort. The findings revealed that average life expectancy increased while the risk of cardiovascular disease decreased. This highlights the importance of continued and effective primary prevention efforts, as well as better screening and treatment of risk factors.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Ramachandran S. Vasan, Rebecca J. Song, Vanessa Xanthakis, Alexa Beiser, Charles DeCarli, Gary F. Mitchell, Sudha Seshadri
Summary: This study examined the prevalence, correlates, and prognosis of hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD) in a community-based study. The findings showed that the prevalence of HMOD varied across different blood pressure guidelines and that the presence of HMOD increased the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jing Yuan, Rhoda Au, Cody Karjadi, Ting Fang Ang, Sherral Devine, Sanford Auerbach, Charles DeCarli, David J. Libon, Jesse Mez, Honghuang Lin
Summary: This study investigated the association between digital Clock Drawing Test (dCDT) features and brain volume in a large population-based cohort. The findings showed that dCDT composite scores were significantly associated with multiple brain MRI measures. The results suggest that dCDT has the potential to be used as a cognitive assessment tool in the clinical diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ileana De Anda-Duran, Camilo Fernandez Alonso, David J. Libon, Owen T. Carmichael, Vijaya B. Kolachalama, Shakira F. Suglia, Rhoda Au, Lydia A. Bazzano
Summary: The study found a negative correlation between carotid intima-media thickness and midlife cognitive function, which was influenced by education level and may differ between Black and White participants. The findings highlight the importance of preventive measures in midlife and suggest subclinical atherosclerosis as a potential target to prevent cognitive decline.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jaime Ramos-Cejudo, Andrew D. Johnson, Alexa Beiser, Sudha Seshadri, Joel Salinas, Jeffrey S. Berger, Nathanael R. Fillmore, Nhan Do, Chunlei Zheng, Zanetta Kovbasyuk, Babak A. Ardekani, Pomara Nunzio, Omonigho M. Bubu, Ankit Parekh, Antonio Convit, Rebecca A. Betensky, Thomas M. Wisniewski, Ricardo S. Osorio
Summary: Platelet function in middle age is independently associated with future risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Individuals with a higher platelet response have a higher risk of dementia during a 20-year follow-up, highlighting the importance of platelet function in AD risk.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rebecca Angoff, Jayandra J. Himali, Pauline Maillard, Hugo J. Aparicio, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Sudha Seshadri, Alexa S. Beiser, Connie W. Tsao
Summary: Metabolic unhealthiness and obesity are associated with structural and functional aging of the brain in community dwelling adults. Improving metabolic health and obesity may present opportunities for improving long-term brain health.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jose Rafael Romero, Adlin Pinheiro, Hugo J. Aparicio, Charles S. DeCarli, Serkalem Demissie, Sudha Seshadri
Summary: The study found that as the burden of PVS visible on MRI scans increased, the risk of developing dementia also increased, and this association remained significant even after adjusting for white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV), covert infarcts, and total brain volume.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Huitong Ding, Amiya Mandapati, Cody Karjadi, Ting Fang Alvin Ang, Sophia Lu, Xiao Miao, James Glass, Rhoda Au, Honghuang Lin
Summary: This study investigated the association between acoustic features and cognitive disorders, finding that multiple acoustic features were significantly associated with neuropsychological test performance and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The study also proposed acoustic composite scores as potential digital biomarkers for early cognitive impairment monitoring.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dana Shulman, Serafima Dubnov, Tamara Zorbaz, Nimrod Madrer, Iddo Paldor, David A. Bennett, Sudha Seshadri, Elliott J. Mufson, David S. Greenberg, Yonatan Loewenstein, Hermona Soreq
Summary: Females with Alzheimer's disease (AD) experience accelerated dementia and loss of cholinergic neurons compared to males, and the underlying mechanisms may involve changes in transfer RNA fragments (tRFs) targeting cholinergic transcripts (CholinotRFs). The study found that NAc CholinotRFs of mitochondrial genome origin had reduced levels, which correlated with elevations in their predicted cholinergic-associated mRNA targets. Single-cell RNA sequencing in AD temporal cortices also indicated altered sex-specific levels of cholinergic transcripts in diverse cell types and sex-specific CholinotRF elevations in neuroblastoma cells under cholinergic differentiation. These findings suggest the involvement of CholinotRFs in cholinergic regulation and their potential role in AD sex-specific cholinergic loss and dementia.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)