Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yue Liu, Abudureyimu Abula, Haonan Xiao, Hangtian Guo, Tinghan Li, Le Zheng, Biqing Chen, Henry C. Nguyen, Xiaoyun Ji
Summary: Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (hnRNP A2/B1) functions as a nuclear DNA sensor and is involved in antiviral immunity. The crystal structure of its RNA recognition motif (RRM) complexed with U-shaped single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) reveals a new protein dimer formation. Biochemical assays and mutagenesis studies confirm that hnRNP A2/B1 homodimerizes in solution by binding to ssDNA or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) with a U-shaped bulge.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Andreas Reimann, Tobias Kull, Weijia Wang, Philip Dettinger, Dirk Loeffler, Timm Schroeder
Summary: Signaling dynamics play a central role in cell fate regulation, but quantifying multiple pathways simultaneously in single mammalian stem cells has not been achieved. In this study, fluorescent reporters for ERK, AKT, and STAT3 signaling activity were generated in mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC) lines, and their single-cell dynamics combinations were quantified. Heterogeneity was observed for all pathways, with some dependence on cell cycle but not pluripotency states, even in presumed homogeneous ESC populations. The pathways are mostly independently regulated, but context-dependent correlations exist. These findings reveal surprising single-cell heterogeneity in the control of cell fate by signaling dynamics and raise fundamental questions about its role in (stem) cell fate control.
Article
Plant Sciences
Peng Chen, Pengcheng Zhao, Mingliang Hu, Lili Wang, Tong Lei, Bin Liu, Li Li, Jianyu Shi, Cheng Lu
Summary: This study utilized artificial intelligence to investigate the anti-tumor effect of triptolide (TP) through various in vitro and in vivo experiments. The results showed that TP significantly inhibited tumor cell proliferation and migration, and promoted apoptosis. The X-TPP method identified HnRNP A2/B1 as a potential direct target of TP and revealed its role in the anti-tumor effects by inhibiting the HnRNP A2/B1-PI3K-AKT pathway.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Brian DeVeale, Leqian Liu, Ryan Boileau, Jennifer Swindlehurst-Chan, Bryan Marsh, Jacob W. Freimer, Adam Abate, Robert Blelloch
Summary: This study reveals the cell cycle structure of pluripotent embryonic stem cells and the relationship between G1/S restriction point, gene expression, and cellular differentiation. By genetically manipulating G1/S restriction point regulators miR-302 and P27, the researchers found that they can accelerate or delay the onset of phasic gene expression in mouse embryos. Additionally, loss of miR-302-mediated p21 or p27 suppression expedites embryonic stem cell differentiation, while a mutated Cyclin E blocks it. These findings provide new insights into our understanding of cellular differentiation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Martin Bergert, Sergio Lembo, Sumana Sharma, Luigi Russo, Danica Milovanovic, Kristjan H. Gretarsson, Mandy Boermel, Pierre A. Neveu, Jamie A. Hackett, Evangelia Petsalaki, Alba Diz-Munoz
Summary: Cell membrane mechanics play a crucial role in the exit from naive pluripotency of mouse embryonic stem cells, with a decrease in membrane-to-cortex attachment identified as an essential cell-intrinsic mechanism for differentiation.
Article
Cell Biology
Haibin Jiang, Mingxia Du, Yaning Li, Tengfei Zhou, Jia Lei, Hongqing Liang, Zhen Zhong, Rafia S. Al-Lamki, Ming Jiang, Jun Yang
Summary: It has been found that ID1 and ID3 play important roles in the survival and pluripotency of hESCs, regulating the transition between primed and naive-like states through the AKT signaling pathway. TCF3 mediates transcriptional inhibition of MCL1 to promote AKT phosphorylation.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Fuquan Chen, Xiaomin Li, Xiao Feng, Tingting Gao, Weiyu Zhang, Zhi Cheng, Xuan Zhao, Ruiqing Chen, Xinyi Lu
Summary: In this study, lncRNA Lx8-SINE B2 was identified as a novel regulator of ESC proliferation, cell cycle, and metabolism through working with Eno1.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Seong-Min Kim, Eun-Ji Kwon, Yun-Jeong Kim, Young-Hyun Go, Ji-Young Oh, Seokwoo Park, Jeong Tae Do, Keun-Tae Kim, Hyuk-Jin Cha
Summary: This study discovered the differential roles of Shp2 in naive and primed pluripotency and proposed the usage of iShp2 instead of iMek1 for the efficient maintenance and establishment of naive pluripotency.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elisa Pedone, Mario Failli, Gennaro Gambardella, Rossella De Cegli, Antonella La Regina, Diego di Bernardo, Lucia Marucci
Summary: This study found that moderate beta-catenin levels play an important role in cell differentiation, promoting the formation of EpiLC in vitro.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Song Yu, Bingxuan Jia, Na Liu, Dianzhen Yu, Shuo Zhang, Aibo Wu
Summary: The study found that fumonisin B1 can promote cell proliferation and migration, induce DNA damage and abnormal cell cycle, and activate the HDAC/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. HDAC inhibitor and myriocin can repress the abnormal effects induced by FB1, offering potential for blocking fumonisin toxicity.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sofia Hu, Emily Metcalf, Dig Bijay Mahat, Lynette Chan, Noor Sohal, Meenakshi Chakraborty, Maxwell Hamilton, Arundeep Singh, Abhyudai Singh, Jacqueline A. Lees, Phillip A. Sharp, Salil Garg
Summary: This study characterizes the regulatory program underlying heterogeneity in murine embryonic stem cell (mESC) states, showing that antagonism between factors at enhancers results in gene expression heterogeneity and formation of cell states. The results suggest that the regulation of enhancer binding can dampen variation in gene expression and alter the kinetics of switching between states.
Article
Developmental Biology
Masaki Kinoshita, Toshihiro Kobayashi, Benjamin Planells, Doris Klisch, Daniel Spindlow, Hideki Masaki, Susanne Bornelov, Giuliano Giuseppe Stirparo, Hitomi Matsunari, Ayuko Uchikura, Ismael Lamas-Toranzo, Jennifer Nichols, Hiromitsu Nakauchi, Hiroshi Nagashima, Ramiro Alberio, Austin Smith
Summary: This study successfully established pluripotent stem cell lines from porcine, ovine, and bovine embryos without using feeder cells or serum factors. The cells showed differentiation in teratomas and in vitro, with global transcriptome analyses revealing commonality in transcription factor expression across the three species. The research also demonstrated the generation of cloned porcine fetuses using genetically modified AFX stem cells through nuclear transfer.
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Heyao Zhang, Xuepeng Wang, Jingsheng Li, Ronghua Shi, Ying Ye
Summary: This review summarizes the functional and mechanistic studies of the BAF complex in mouse ESCs and early embryonic development. It highlights the discussion on the distinct phenotypes resulting from the deletion of different BAF subunits in ESCs and embryos.
STEM CELLS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura A. Murray-Nerger, Joshua L. Justice, Pranav Rekapalli, Josiah E. Hutton, Ileana M. Cristea
Summary: Acetylation of lamin B1 at K134 is a molecular switch that controls nuclear periphery stability, cell cycle progression, and DNA repair. This modification prevents lamin disruption during HSV-1 infection, delays DNA damage resolution, and sustains activation of the G1/S checkpoint. Acetylation of LMNB1 negatively regulates canonical nonhomologous end joining and impacts DNA repair pathway choice.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fabiana Passaro, Ilaria De Martino, Federico Zambelli, Giorgia Di Benedetto, Matteo Barbato, Anna Maria D'Erchia, Caterina Manzari, Graziano Pesole, Margherita Mutarelli, Davide Cacchiarelli, Dario Antonini, Silvia Parisi, Tommaso Russo
Summary: This study reveals a new role for YAP in governing the epigenetic dynamics of pluripotency exit. Transient downregulation of YAP leads to genome-wide alteration of DNA methylation remodeling during ESC differentiation, potentially involving the regulation of molecules such as RNA ephemeron and Dnmt3l.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Junyoung Park, Hyunju Choi, Fukushi Abekura, Hak-Seong Lim, Jong-Hwan Im, Woong-Suk Yang, Cher-Won Hwang, Young-Chae Chang, Young-Choon Lee, Nam Gyu Park, Cheorl-Ho Kim
Summary: Flavonoids and phenolic acids are the most important phenolic compounds in oats, with wide-ranging biological responses such as antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Avenanthramide C, a component of oats, has been found to be highly antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, but its role in anti-atherosclerosis activity needs further investigation.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Il-Sup Kim, Cher-Won Hwang, Woong-Suk Yang, Cheorl-Ho Kim
Summary: Cheonggukjang, a traditional Korean fermented dish, has emerged as a functional food with various health benefits, such as improving blood circulation and intestinal regulation. It is made without salt and contains bioactive substances that prevent atherosclerosis, heart disease, inflammation, obesity, diabetes, dementia, cancer, and osteoporosis, among other health conditions. Studies have shown that Cheonggukjang also has thrombolytic, blood pressure-lowering, lipid-lowering, antimutagenic, immunostimulatory, and antibacterial properties, as well as skin improvement benefits.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jun-Young Park, Hyun-Ju Choi, Tamina Park, Moon-Jo Lee, Hak-Seong Lim, Woong-Suk Yang, Cher-Won Hwang, Daeui Park, Cheorl-Ho Kim
Summary: Melanin-related pigmentation disorders can be prevented by anti-melanogenic agents like Avenanthramide (Avn)-A-B-C, which demonstrated dose-dependent tyrosinase inhibitory activity, with Avn-A-B-C showing the strongest competitive inhibition against intracellular tyrosinase and melanin synthesis. AvnC was found to have a higher binding affinity for tyrosinase than AvnA and AvnB, and was predicted to interact with tyrosinase through two hydrogen bonds at specific amino acid residues. Additionally, AvnB and AvnC were predicted to be non-sensitizers in mammals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seung-Hak Cho, Jun-young Park, Cheorl-Ho Kim
Summary: Microorganisms and host cells have carbohydrate chains and lectins that can recognize each other, playing a critical role in defense mechanisms and pathogen infection. This review aims to identify the role of host glycans in the immune response against pathogenic intestinal bacteria through studies on the lectin-glycan interaction, providing a new perspective for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mi-Jin Choi, Yeo Reum Kim, Nam Gyu Park, Cheorl-Ho Kim, Young Dae Oh, Han Kyu Lim, Jong-Myoung Kim
Summary: This study identified a gene that influences the growth of Pacific abalone and found that it plays an important role in the host defense mechanism. The protein encoded by this gene was also found to exhibit antimicrobial activity against various bacteria.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fukushi Abekura, Junyoung Park, Hakseong Lim, Hee-Do Kim, Hyunju Choi, Moon-Jo Lee, Cheorl-Ho Kim
Summary: The study demonstrates that LprG can suppress lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation by downregulating the expression of related proteins and cytokines. These findings are of great significance for the development of anti-inflammatory medications and the utilization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a medical resource.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Jennifer K. Lee, Inyong Kim, Eun-Kyeong Jeon, Jung-Heun Ha, Cher-Won Hwang, Jin-Chul Kim, Woong-Suk Yang, Hyunju Choi, Hee-Do Kim, Cheorl-Ho Kim
Summary: Oat is a widely consumed cereal grain with high nutritional value and potential health benefits. Microbial fermentation enhances the quality and content of functional ingredients in oats, providing natural dietary supplements, antioxidants, and antiaging agents.
EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu-Chan Chang, Cheorl-Ho Kim
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abekura Fukushi, Hee-Do Kim, Yu-Chan Chang, Cheorl-Ho Kim
Summary: Aerobic glycolysis is a characteristic of many human cancers, playing a crucial role in the growth, invasion, immune escape, and drug resistance of cancer cells. The glycolysis pathway consists of multiple enzymatic reactions, with increased levels of glycolytic proteins and enzymatic activities observed in cancer cells. In the Warburg effect, cancer cells rely on glycolysis to generate energy instead of oxidative phosphorylation. The understanding of the Warburg effect can lead to the development of targeted therapies for cancer treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jun-Young Park, Cheorl-Ho Kim, Seung-Hak Cho
Summary: In this study, we developed a FimH inhibitor to prevent adhesion of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli on human intestinal epithelium during the early stage of infection. By investigating the ligand binding domain of FimH and analyzing its evolutionary characteristics, we identified a potential drug target and found that glycan-like peptides can serve as initial infection inhibitors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yi-Fang Yang, Chien-Hsiu Li, Huei-Yu Cai, Bo-Syuan Lin, Cheorl-Ho Kim, Yu-Chan Chang
Summary: Cellular metabolism regulates physiological mechanisms and homeostasis in an individual. Abnormal metabolic reprogramming, caused by various factors such as gene mutations and epigenetic modifications, is associated with the development of diseases, including cancer. Metabolism-related molecules can serve as markers or prevention targets for cancer progression. Translational medicines using metabolic substrates and precursors have been developed for imaging and therapeutic purposes. Isotopically labeled compounds can be used to localize and visualize tumor cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hee-Do Kim, Hyunju Choi, Fukushi Abekura, Jun-Young Park, Woong-Suk Yang, Seung-Hoon Yang, Cheorl-Ho Kim
Summary: There are three major assaying methods used to validate in vitro whitening activity from natural products: methods using mushroom tyrosinase, human tyrosinase, and dopachrome tautomerase (or tyrosinase-related protein-2, TRP-2). Whitening agent development consists of two ways, melanin synthesis inhibition in melanocytes and downregulation of melanocyte stimulation. Many researchers have recently presented the bioactivity-guided fractionation, discovery, purification, and identification of whitening agents.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hyunju Choi, Hee-Do Kim, Yeon-Woo Choi, Hakseong Lim, Kyung-Woon Kim, Kyoung-Sook Kim, Young-Choon Lee, Cheorl-Ho Kim
Summary: This study isolated the GM3-interacting protein NOLC1 using the T7 phage display method, further elucidating the functional roles of GM3 and providing evidence for the association between GM3 and NOLC1.
ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
So-Young An, Ji-Won Lee, Hee-Do Kim, Kyoung-Sook Kim, Jong-Hyun Cho, Cheorl-Ho Kim, Young-Choon Lee
Summary: In this study, it was observed that human glioblastoma cells particularly expressed the hST8Sia V gene. The study found that the JNK/AP-1 signaling pathway controls the specific expression of the hST8Sia V gene in U87MG cells.
GLYCOCONJUGATE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hee-Do Kim, Hyunju Choi, Fukushi Abekura, Junyoung Park, Seung-Hak Cho, Young-Choon Lee, Cheorl-Ho Kim
Summary: This study investigates the immunomodulatory effect of MPT32 in murine macrophage cells, demonstrating the possibility of using it as a TB vaccine and drug candidate for TB prevention.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
