Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Thomas Carpenito, Justin Manjourides
Summary: This study introduces the multiple imputation by super learning method for handling missing data. The results show that the multiple imputation by super learning approach outperforms other commonly used imputation methods in terms of bias, confidence interval coverage rate, and confidence interval width.
STATISTICAL METHODS IN MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Kelley M. Kidwell, Daniel Almirall
Summary: This article explains sequential, multiple assignment, randomized trial (SMART) study designs, where participants are randomized at 2 or more decision points depending on their response to prior treatment.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marijne Vandebergh, Till F. M. Andlauer, Yuan Zhou, Klara Mallants, Friederike Held, Lilian Aly, Bruce V. Taylor, Bernhard Hemmer, Benedicte Dubois, An Goris
Summary: The study aims to identify genetic variations associated with relapse hazard in multiple sclerosis, with findings indicating that genetic variation within the Wnt signaling and vitamin D pathways contributes to differences in relapse occurrence.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Sabrina C. Y. Ip, Alfrendo Satyanaga, Harianto Rahardjo
Summary: Soil shear strength is a critical parameter in slope stability and its spatial variation is complex. The study shows that Random Forest model has higher accuracy and spatial heterogeneity in predicting soil shear strength, and it is more sensitive to sample size.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Hamed Mohammadi, Sajjad Talesh Hosseini, Omid Asghari, Camilla Zacche da Silva, Jeff B. Boisvert
Summary: The study proposes a new algorithm for imputing unequally sampled data, which effectively handles missing values and uncertainty. Compared to other imputation methods, this approach demonstrates more accurate and unbiased results across multiple case studies, particularly in non-stationary datasets.
COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
James G. Wrightson, Jaeden Cole, Maya N. Sohn, Alexander McGirr
Summary: This study found that repeated spaced iTBS can induce long-term potentiation (LTP)-like effects, which are dependent on NMDA receptors. The use of low-dose D-Cycloserine can enhance these effects, suggesting that D-Cycloserine can facilitate the physiological effects of repeated spaced iTBS.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Mathematics
Usman Shahzad, Ishfaq Ahmad, Amelia Garcia-Luengo, Tolga Zaman, Nadia H. Al-Noor, Anoop Kumar
Summary: The coefficient of variation is a useful indicator of relative dispersion, widely used in scientific and academic disciplines as well as real life applications. This article proposes novel calibration-based estimators for the coefficient of variation under double stratified random sampling, using robust linear moments. The effectiveness of the proposed estimators is evaluated through a simulation study using COVID-19 pandemic and apple fruit datasets, showing their superiority over existing estimators.
Article
Immunology
Colleen F. Hanrahan, Bareng Aletta Sanny Nonyane, Limakatso Lebina, Lesego Mmolawa, Tsundzukani Siwelana, Nora S. West, Nicholas Albaugh, Neil Martinson, David W. Dowdy
Summary: This study conducted a trial of two tuberculosis contact investigation approaches (household-based and incentive-based) in South Africa and found that the incentive-based approach has similar effectiveness to the household-based approach, providing a viable alternative or complement to traditional methods.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
Alexandra M. Kapadia, Jessica A. A. Tin, Tyler K. Perrachione
Summary: Phonetic variability from both between-talker and within-talker sources impacts speech processing efficiency, but their effects differ in terms of word-identification accuracy and response time. Between-talker variability affects both accuracy and response time, while within-talker variability only affects response time. Additionally, the impact of between-talker variability is greater when the target phonological contrasts are more similar. These findings suggest that between- and within-talker variability reflect distinct magnitudes of acoustic-phonetic variability with unique effects on speech processing.
JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
James Krieger, Taehoon Kwon, Rudy Ruiz, Lina Pinero Walkinshaw, Jiali Yan, Christina A. Roberto
Summary: By using social media to deliver fruit drink countermarketing messages, it can effectively reduce parents' purchases of fruit drinks for their children and increase the selection of water. This intervention has positive public health implications for reducing children's consumption of fruit drinks.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Guadalupe Garis, Christian Dettmers, Andrea Hildebrandt, Thomas Duning, Helmut Hildebrandt
Summary: This study aimed to compare two biofeedback-supported relaxation exercises for fatigue reduction and autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity in MS patients. The results showed that only patients who performed progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) experienced a significant reduction in fatigue, while both relaxation exercises had an impact on ANS activity.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yi Duan, Zuo-Zhi Li, Pan Liu, Lei Cui, Zhifeng Gao, Huan Zhang
Summary: This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of continuous glucose monitor (CGM)-based intraoperative glucose management in liver transplantation (LT) patients by comparing the impacts on glycemic variability, mean glucose values, and the incidence of hypo/hyperglycemic events guided by CGM and arterial blood gas (ABG) monitoring. A randomized controlled trial will be conducted on 180 LT patients, who will be monitored for intraoperative glucose using CGM combined with ABG. The outcomes will provide valuable insights into the optimal blood glucose management during major surgeries.
Article
Psychiatry
Adriana Feder, Sara Costi, Sarah B. Rutter, Abigail B. Collins, Usha Govindarajulu, Manish K. Jha, Sarah R. Horn, Marin Kautz, Morgan Corniquel, Katherine A. Collins, Laura Bevilacqua, Andrew M. Glasgow, Jess Brallier, Robert H. Pietrzak, James W. Murrough, Dennis S. Charney
Summary: This randomized controlled trial demonstrated the efficacy of repeated ketamine infusions in reducing symptom severity in individuals with chronic PTSD, showing superior improvement in the ketamine group compared to the midazolam group. The ketamine group had a higher treatment responder rate and good tolerability, indicating the potential of ketamine as a treatment for chronic PTSD.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ziwei Mo, Chun-Ho Liu, Yat-Kiu Ho
Summary: This study characterizes the flows of the Atmospheric Surface Layer (ASL) over real urban morphology using wind tunnel experiments, highlighting the noticeable variations of mean wind speed and turbulence statistics in the inertial sublayer (ISL) and roughness sublayer (RSL). It also introduces a new analytical solution to improve the prediction of ASL mean wind speeds and observes that turbulence statistics in the RSL velocities are positively skewed with high kurtosis.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kristin R. Randel, Anna L. Schult, Edoardo Botteri, Geir Hoff, Michael Bretthauer, Giske Ursin, Erik Natvig, Paula Berstad, Anita Jorgensen, Per Kristian Sandvei, Marie Ek Olsen, Svein Oskar Frigstad, Ole Darre-Naess, Espen R. Norvard, Nils Bolstad, Hartwig Korner, Arne Wibe, Knut-Arne Wensaas, Thomas de Lange, Oyvind Holme
Summary: The study found that repeated FIT had higher participation rates and detected more cases of colorectal cancer and advanced adenomas compared to sigmoidoscopy. However, the risk of perforation and bleeding was similar between the two screening methods.