Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jonas Turnwald, Caio Victor Sousa, Marilia Santos Andrade, Mabliny Thuany, Ivan Cuk, Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis, Katja Weiss, Beat Knechtle
Summary: Participation and performance trends of male and female athletes in duathlon events were compared between 1990 and 2021. Women represented a smaller percentage of finishers in longer distances and were consistently slower than men. Duathletes of the age group 30-34 achieved the best results. Further studies should analyze participation and performance trends in elite athletes and pacing behaviors.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Bo Yuan, Cynthia A. de Wit
Summary: A study found relatively high concentrations of chlorinated paraffins (CPs) in moose from Grimso'', Sweden compared to other wildlife in Scandinavia. The study examined the temporal trends of CP concentrations in moose calves over the past 40 years. The results showed increasing CP concentrations from 1982 to the 1990s, high levels in 1993 and 2008, and decreasing concentrations after 2012. Male moose had exponentially increasing CP levels with age, while females had exponentially decreasing CP levels. The accumulation of CPs in moose suggests additional stress on males of this long-lived terrestrial mammal.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Lucas Pinheiro Barbosa, Caio Victor Sousa, Samuel da Silva Aguiar, Andre Bonadias Gadelha, Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis, Elias Villiger, Beat Knechtle
Summary: This study determined the cut-off values for each discipline in junior and U23 triathlon events and investigated the relationship between disciplines and overall performance. Cycling was found to have the greatest influence on overall performance, and swimming and cycling performances have improved over the years for both sexes.
JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE & FITNESS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Fanghua Lou, Guotao Yang, Lihui Cai, Lechang Yu, Ying Zhang, Chuan Shi, Nan Zhang
Summary: This study analyzed learning and memory characteristics in a cognitively healthy Chinese population and found significant differences in memory factors among different age and education groups.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Toshiyuki Kurihara, Masafumi Terada, Shun Numasawa, Yuki Kusagawa, Sumiaki Maeo, Hiroaki Kanehisa, Tadao Isaka
Summary: This study found that the relationship between toe muscular strength and vertical jump performance differs across sex and age in adolescent populations. The association between toe muscular strength and vertical jump performance is relatively weak in adolescent boys, and not established in high school boys.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Catalina Torres, Jenny Garcia, France Mesle, Magali Barbieri, Florian Bonnet, Carlo Giovanni Camarda, Emmanuelle Cambois, Arianna Caporali, Etienne Couppie, Svitlana Poniakina, Jean-Marie Robine
Summary: This study provides an in-depth analysis of the evolution of COVID-19 mortality in selected countries during 2020 and 2021. The results show substantial variations in COVID-19 mortality rates across countries and seasons. COVID-19 mortality is highest among the elderly population, especially during winter, and men generally have higher mortality rates than women. Despite targeted vaccinations for the elderly, the mortality rates remain highest among those aged 75+ in 2021.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Beat Knechtle, Ivan Cuk, Elias Villiger, Pantelis T. Nikolaidis, Katja Weiss, Volker Scheer, Mabliny Thuany
Summary: Successful finishers in the 'Spartathlon' exhibited a reverse J-shaped pacing, with a decrease in running speed from the start to the 7th checkpoint and an increase thereafter. Men had a more significant change in checkpoint speed in the first two checkpoints, while women showed a more substantial change in the last checkpoint. Age and sex did not impact average checkpoint speed, but there were differences among performance groups.
SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Daniel Molager Christensen, Jarl Emanuel Strange, Matthew Phelps, Anne-Marie Schjerning, Thomas S. G. Sehested, Thomas Gerds, Gunnar Gislason
Summary: This study aimed to determine the age- and sex-specific changes in the incidence of myocardial infarction in Denmark from 2005 to 2021. The results showed a declining trend in the incidence of myocardial infarction across age groups and sexes, with the steepest declines observed among the oldest age groups (>70 years).
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
V. DE Oliveira, D. Santos, R. Sinisgalli, R. Vancini, G. Costa, P. T. Nikolaidis, B. Knechtle, K. Weiss, M. Andrade, C. de Lira
Summary: The study found that sleep quality could impact performance and injury risk in triathletes. Less sleep, as well as difficulties in falling asleep, were associated with higher likelihood of performance drops.
EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Shaoming Wang, Rongshou Zheng, Melina Arnold, Christian Abnet, Hongmei Zeng, Siwei Zhang, Ru Chen, Kexin Sun, Li Li, Lan An, Freddie Bray, Wenqiang Wei, Jie He
Summary: A male predominance was observed in esophageal and gastric cancers across the world from 2003 to 2012, with variations in male-to-female incidence rate ratios by age. Further investigation is needed to understand the underlying etiologies of these cancers by histological subtype and subsite.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nick A. Olthof, Michel W. Coppieters, G. Lorimer Moseley, Michele Sterling, Dylan J. Chippindall, Daniel S. Harvie
Summary: The results demonstrated that iTAD scores showed high internal consistency and no overt floor or ceiling effects. Accuracy scores were only directly related to age (decreasing with increasing age) and sex (higher for men), and were independent of other anthropometric measurements. The iTAD assesses multiple aspects of tactile processing, which may offer a more comprehensive evaluation of tactile acuity.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Woo Ri Chae, Anja Schienkiewitz, Yong Du, Ulfert Hapke, Christian Otte, Niels Michalski
Summary: This study analyzed the prevalence and correlates of comorbid depression and obesity in the German adult population, finding a higher prevalence among women, particularly those with low socioeconomic status and poor social support. The results highlight the need for targeted public health strategies to prevent and treat comorbid depression and obesity in women with lower socioeconomic positions.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Anna S. Huang, Baxter P. Rogers, Julia M. Sheffield, Simon Vandekar, Alan Anticevic, Neil D. Woodward
Summary: This study investigated the effects of age, sex, and psychosis symptomatology on specific thalamocortical networks in a large sample of youth. The findings showed that age effects were characterized by decreased connectivity with sensory/motor cortical areas and increased connectivity with heteromodal prefrontal and parietal cortical areas. Additionally, females exhibited stronger connectivity between multiple thalamic nuclear groups and the visual cortex compared to males.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Elodie Piche, Frederic Chorin, Pauline Gerus, Amyn Jaafar, Olivier Guerin, Raphael Zory
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of age, sex, falls, and frailty on cognitive and motor performance in dual-task walking. The results showed significant associations between falls and frailty with dual-task effect, and women had a higher dual-task effect than men. These findings contribute to the development of more effective dual-task clinical programs for older adults living in the community.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura Guarga, Alberto Ameijide, Rafael Marcos-Gragera, Maria Carulla, Joaquim Delgadillo, Josep Maria Borras, Jaume Galceran
Summary: In Catalonia, there has been a decrease in new cases of lung cancer in men under 70 years old and an increase in women over 60 years old. Adenocarcinoma is the most common type, while squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma are decreasing significantly in men. The incidence of lung cancer has increased by 16% for patients over 70 years old in both sexes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira, Valentine Zimermann Vargas, Rodrigo Luiz Vancini, Lee Hill, Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis, Beat Knechtle, Marilia dos Santos Andrade
Summary: The aim of this study was to identify intrinsic factors that could increase the risk of shoulder pain in adolescent volleyball players. The main result showed that players with higher values of internal rotation peak torque were more likely to experience pain higher than 3.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Omid Razi, Ana Maria Teixeira, Bakhtyar Tartibian, Nastaran Zamani, Beat Knechtle
Summary: COVID-19 is associated with cytokine storm and respiratory issues, and MS patients face challenges in this pandemic due to immune system defects and neurological and respiratory symptoms. Physical exercise plays a leading role in mitigating respiratory issues.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Vinicius Ribeiro dos Anjos Souza, Aldo Seffrin, Ronaldo Alves da Cunha, Lavinia Vivan, Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira, Rodrigo Luiz Vancini, Katja Weiss, Beat Knechtle, Marilia Santos Andrade
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of age and years of running experience on the running economy of amateur long-distance runners aged 20-80 years. The study found that running experience had a positive effect on running economy, but it was not sufficient to overcome the negative effect of the aging process. Furthermore, participants aged >= 60 years had significantly worse running economy compared to younger athletes.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hossein Shirvani, Behzad Bazgir, Alireza Shamsoddini, Ayoub Saeidi, Seyed Morteza Tayebi, Kurt A. A. Escobar, Ismail Laher, Trisha A. A. VanDusseldorp, Katja Weiss, Beat Knechtle, Hassane Zouhal
Summary: This study investigated the effects of oregano supplementation on muscle damage, oxidative stress, and plasma antioxidant markers of soldiers performing military training. The results showed that oregano supplementation can reduce muscle damage and increase oxidative capacity. Therefore, supplementation with oregano may serve as a dietary strategy to increase preparedness and promote recovery in military recruits.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mabliny Thuany, Katja Weiss, Elias Villiger, Volker Scheer, Nejmeddine Ouerghi, Thayse Natacha Gomes, Beat Knechtle
Summary: The purpose of this study was to describe differences in participation and performance in 100-mile ultra-marathons by continent. The data showed that most athletes were from America and Europe, but the fastest runners were from Africa. The study also found that women from Sweden, Hungary, and Russia had the best performances, while men from Brazil, Russia, and Lithuania were the fastest.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Bas Van Hooren, Guy Plasqui, Romuald Lepers
Summary: This study analyzed the physical capabilities and achievements of a 75-year-old world-class middle-distance runner who has set multiple records in his age category. The results showed high cardiorespiratory capacity, significant anaerobic speed reserve, and impressive athletic performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mabliny Thuany, Thayse Natacha Gomes, Katja Weiss, Volker Scheer, Lee Hill, Ramiro Rolim, Beat Knechtle, Marcos Andre Moura dos Santos
Summary: This paper explains the methods used in the InTrack Project, which investigates the variance in the performance of runners from different countries. It aims to understand whether the differences in performance can be explained by individual, environmental, and country-level factors. The study will collect data from runners through an online survey and secondary data about country characteristics. Statistical procedures such as multilevel analysis and interaction models will be used to analyze the data and fill gaps in knowledge about the factors influencing runners' performance.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Katharina Wirnitzer, Derrick Tanous, Mohamad Motevalli, Karl-Heinz Wagner, Christian Raschner, Gerold Wirnitzer, Claus Leitzmann, Thomas Rosemann, Beat Knechtle
Summary: The potential performance difference of different diets for running or endurance remains questionable. Runner training behaviors and experience may affect the results when analyzing dietary subgroups. The study suggests that a vegan diet may be associated with improved endurance performance.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Katharina Wirnitzer, Derrick Tanous, Mohamad Motevalli, Christian Raschner, Karl-Heinz Wagner, Gerold Wirnitzer, Claus Leitzmann, Thomas Rosemann, Beat Knechtle
Summary: Based on a cross-sectional study, it was found that the dietary type of recreational runners (omnivore, vegetarian, vegan) has an impact on their motivation for training, but there are no significant differences in specific training phases.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Robert Gajda, Wojciech Drygas, Jacek Gajda, Pawel Kiper, Beat Knechtle, Magdalena Kwasniewska, Maciej Sterlinski, Elzbieta Katarzyna Biernacka
Summary: This case describes a 36-year-old professional marathon runner who experienced irregular palpitations during competitions. Despite initial suspicion of Munchausen syndrome, an exercise test confirmed the presence of exercise-induced arrhythmia.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Aldo Seffrin, Lavinia Vivan, Vinicius Ribeiro dos Anjos Souza, Ronaldo Alves da Cunha, Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira, Rodrigo Luiz Vancini, Katja Weiss, Beat Knechtle, Marilia Santos Andrade
Summary: Performance in endurance sports decreases with aging due to cardiovascular and musculoskeletal aging, but the factors most affected by aging are still unclear. This study compared two groups of runners (< 50 and > 50 years of age) based on their oxygen uptake, ventilatory threshold, and respiratory compensation point. The younger group had higher oxygen uptake and lean mass-adjusted oxygen uptake compared to the older group, indicating a significant difference. Both central and peripheral factors are negatively affected by aging, but the effect is greater on central factors. These findings contribute to our understanding of how aging affects master runners.
Article
Sport Sciences
Mabliny Thuany, Douglas Vieira, Henrique de Paula, Pantelis T. T. Nikolaidis, Volker Scheer, Katja Weiss, Ivan Cuk, Beat Knechtle, Thayse Natacha Gomes
Summary: This study used a network approach to investigate the importance of social and training variables for running performance, finding that childhood sports participation and the presence of runners in the family were important factors. These findings have practical implications for developing educational programs to increase sports participation during childhood and within families.
SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Joel A. Walsh, Alexander Stamenkovic, James P. Dawber, Paul J. Stapley
Summary: This study investigated the alterations of lower limb intersegmental coordination during the acute phase of running after cycling among highly trained triathletes. It was found that prior cycling exercise had a significant effect on the intersegmental coordination during running, but these alterations were corrected by the third minute of the post cycle run.
FRONTIERS IN SPORTS AND ACTIVE LIVING
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rashmi Supriya, Maryam Delfan, Ayoub Saeidi, Seyedeh Somayeh Samaie, Maisa Hamed Al Kiyumi, Kurt A. Escobar, Ismail Laher, Katie M. Heinrich, Katja Weiss, Beat Knechtle, Hassane Zouhal
Summary: This study found that a combination of Spirulina supplementation and high-intensity interval training can reduce adipokine levels, improve body weight and lipid profiles, and enhance cardiometabolic well-being in obese males.
Article
Sport Sciences
Mabliny Thuany, Beat Knechtle, Kevin Kipchumba, Lee Hill, Thayse Natacha Gomes
Summary: This study investigated the representation of countries in the TOP20 long-distance elite runners ranking from 1997 to 2020, considering the countries' Human Development Index (HDI), and examined the presence of the Matthew effect in countries' representation over the years.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE IN SPORT AND EXERCISE
(2023)