Review
Biology
Luis M. Massuca, Vanessa Santos, Luis F. Monteiro
Summary: This review examines the relationship between physical fitness and health among police officers based on international and Portuguese studies. The most commonly used fitness measures for police officers include muscular strength, endurance, power, aerobic and anaerobic capacity, flexibility, and agility. The analysis of health parameters is limited at the international level, but an acceptable sample is available for Portuguese police officers. More research is needed to fully understand the relationship between physical fitness and health in this population.
Article
Physiology
Jae Ho Park, Nam-Kyoo Lim, Hyun-Young Park
Summary: This study investigated the association between relative handgrip strength and hypertension. The results showed that high relative handgrip strength is associated with a reduced risk of hypertension in both men and women, even though women tend to have lower relative handgrip strength. This benefit was observed in middle-aged to older participants, and it was also effective in individuals with visceral adipose dysfunction.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Junmin Yang, Lixin Liu, Yan Wang, Ruibao Cai
Summary: This study investigated the consumption of soya food and its association with muscular strength among secondary school students in southern China. The results showed a positive correlation between soya food consumption and muscle strength, suggesting that reducing the consumption of soybean products may increase the risk of developing lower grip strength.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Soo Yeon Park, Kyoung Ho Yoon, Sung Hyun Hwang, Taeg Su Ko, Hee Sung Lee
Summary: Weakening muscle strength around the knee makes it more susceptible to aging-related damage. This study found an association between knee flexor muscle strength and its cross-sectional area (CSA), and observed that both flexor muscle strength and CSA decrease with aging.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paul Ritsche, Philipp Wirth, Martino Franchi, Oliver Faude
Summary: This study presents a novel semi-automatic ImageJ script (ACSAuto) for quantifying lower limb muscle ACSA, which shows good reliability compared to manual analysis. The script demonstrates high consistency and small mean bias when compared to manual measurements, potentially reducing time needed for evaluating ultrasound images.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Gustavo Zanotti Pizol, Katherinne Ferro Moura Franco, Gisela Cristiane Miyamoto, Cristina Maria Nunes Cabral
Summary: This study found that patients with chronic low back pain tend to have weakness in hip abductors, adductors, and extensors. Furthermore, there is no association between the functional tests and hip muscle strength in these patients.
BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Masahide Yagi, Masashi Taniguchi, Hiroshige Tateuchi, Tetsuya Hirono, Yoshihiro Fukumoto, Momoko Yamagata, Ryusuke Nakai, Yosuke Yamada, Misaka Kimura, Noriaki Ichihashi
Summary: This study used MRI to investigate the iliocapsularis muscle (IC) in healthy individuals and found that it could be identified in 85% to 95% of people. The study also revealed that the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the IC is only associated with sex and not age. However, the CSA of other lower-limb muscles was found to be associated with both sex and age.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kaka Ma, Yufeng Zheng, Sriswaroop Dasari, Dalong Zhang, Hamish L. Fraser, Rajarshi Banerjee
Summary: This article reviews the scientific discovery of precipitation in nanostructured or ultrafine grain alloys in the past 20 years, including the formation mechanism and growth of precipitates, the interplay between precipitates and solid solutes, dislocations, or grain boundaries, as well as the consequent mechanical behavior. Specific alloys such as Al, Mg, Ti, and high-entropy alloys are covered, with a highlight on modern research trends in the field.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hamidullah Salimi, Shoichiro Ohyama, Hidetomi Terai, Yusuke Hori, Shinji Takahashi, Masatoshi Hoshino, Akito Yabu, Hasibullah Habibi, Akio Kobayashi, Tadao Tsujio, Shiro Kotake, Hiroaki Nakamura
Summary: This study found that bioelectrical impedance analysis is a reliable method to assess trunk muscle mass and correlates with traditional quantitative and functional assessments of trunk muscles.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Taojin Xu, Xu Li, Dingfang Wang, Yi Zhang, Qinghua Zhang, Jianyin Yan, Junhao Jiang, Wenbin Liu, Jing Chen
Summary: This study compared the contribution of age, sex, height, weight, and forearm circumference to variations in hand grip strength (HGS). The results showed that weight and forearm circumference had the highest correlation with HGS. This is important for standardizing HGS in clinical practice and eliminating the influence of individual differences.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hyunghun Moon, Sung-Ki Lee, Won-Moon Kim, Yong-Gon Seo
Summary: The study found that corrective exercise is more effective in improving the condition of patients with thoracic hyperkyphosis, showing better outcomes in increasing muscle strength and endurance, improving the value of Cobb's angle, and increasing the cross-sectional area of deep muscles in the neck.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ahlke Heydemann, Maria Siemionow
Summary: Despite the cloning of Dystrophin cDNA 35 years ago, there is still no effective treatment for patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) caused by a mutation in this gene. However, many novel therapies are currently in development and some have progressed to clinical trials.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hee-Jin Cho, Jin-Hong Shin, Young-Eun Park, Eunhee Sohn, Tai-Seung Nam, Min-Gu Kang, Jin-Mo Park, Donghwi Park, Jin-Sung Park
Summary: Cho et al. characterized a large sample of Korean patients with genetically confirmed spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, providing genetic, electrophysiological, clinical, and hormonal data. The findings will help interpret future clinical trial results and support early diagnosis.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Stefano Borghi, Matteo Bonato, Antonio La Torre, Giuseppe Banfi, Jacopo Antonino Vitale
Summary: This study investigated the association between lower limb strength, muscle mass and composition, and balance ability in elders. The results showed positive correlations between lower limb strength and appendicular muscle mass, as well as negative correlations between knee extensor strength and thigh intermuscular adipose tissue. Dynamic balance ability did not correlate with any morphological variables of the muscle.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Jeff Wolfenstine, Wooseok Go, Youngsik Kim, Jeff Sakamoto
Summary: This paper reviews the elastic, plastic, and fracture properties of NaSICON electrolytes. The research finds that NaSICON has high Young's modulus and hardness values, covalent bonding, low fracture toughness and fracture strength, which is controlled by the second-phase ZrO2 particles.