Spectral and structural studies of dimethylphenyl betaine hydrate

Hydrates of betaines can be divided into four groups depending on the interactions of their water molecules with the carboxylate group. Dimethylphenyl betaine crystallizes as monohydrate (1), in which water molecules mediate in hydrogen bonds between the carboxylate groups. The water molecules are H-bonded only to one oxygen atom of the dimethylphenyl betaine molecules and link them into a chain via two O(1 W)-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds of the lengths 2.779(2) and 2.846(2) angstrom. The structures of monomer (2) and dimer (4) hydrates in vacuum, and the structure of monomer (3) in an aqueous environment have been optimized by the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) approach and the geometrical results have been compared with the X-ray diffraction data of 1. The calculated IR frequencies for the optimized structure have been used for the assignments of FTIR bands, the broad absorption band in the range 3415-3230 cm(-1) has been assigned to the O(1w)-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds. The correlations between the experimental 1H and C-13 NMR chemical shifts (delta(exp)) of 1 in D2O and the magnetic isotropic shielding constants (sigma(calc)) calculated by the GIAO/B3LYP/6-311G++(d,p) approach, using the screening solvation model (COSMO), delta(exp) = a + b sigma(calc), for optimized molecule 3 in water solution are linear and well reproduce the experimental chemical shifts. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V.