Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Amanda Kenny, Virginia Dickson-Swift, Carina Ka Yee Chan, Mohd Masood, Mark Gussy, Bradley Christian, Brad Hodge, Susan Furness, Lisa C. Hanson, Samantha Clune, Emma Zadow, Ron J. Knevel
Summary: This study aims to explore evidence on oral health interventions for older people in residential aged care facilities, develop a causal theory, and produce guidelines to improve the quality of oral health interventions.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Uchukarn Boonyapo, Alison B. Rushton, Nicola R. Heneghan, Piyameth Dilokthornsakul, Nattawan Phungwattanakul, Taweewat Wiangkham
Summary: Neck pain is a common musculoskeletal complaint, and there is a lack of optimal management specifically for middle-aged or older adults. This study aims to conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis to determine the best treatment options for this population.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Dan Zhou, Zhaoyan Chen, Fangyuan Tian
Summary: This meta-analysis and systematic review found that deprescribing interventions have a significant improvement on clinical outcomes for older adults. It reduces the proportion of potentially inappropriate medication and adverse drug reactions, while improving medication adherence.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kinda Ibrahim, Natalie J. Cox, Jennifer M. Stevenson, Stephen Lim, Simon D. S. Fraser, Helen C. Roberts
Summary: This systematic review summarizes the current evidence for deprescribing among older people living with frailty. The included studies suggest that deprescribing could be safe, feasible, well tolerated, and can lead to important benefits. Further research should focus on understanding the impact of deprescribing on frailty status in high-risk populations.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Marrissa Martyn-St James, Rita Faria, Ruth Wong, Alison Scope
Summary: This rapid review of systematic reviews on problematic polypharmacy in the UK found limited evidence on the burden of PP, effectiveness of interventions, and quality of handover activities. While there is high prevalence of polypharmacy, interventions were found to reduce PP but with no significant effects on health outcomes. Activities such as medicine reconciliation were shown to reduce medication discrepancies at care transitions, but evidence quality was low. Further research is needed in the UK to better understand the prevalence and consequences of PP, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of interventions, and barriers to implementation.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Sinead Lydon, Emily O'Dowd, Chloe Walsh, Angela O'Dea, Dara Byrne, Andrew W. Murphy, Paul O'Connor
Summary: The study reviewed interventions aiming to improve gender equity in medicine, with findings suggesting a focus on equipping women for professional development. Few interventions addressed cultural or systemic changes, and even fewer were implemented in clinical settings. While outcomes were largely positive, the reliance on subjective measurement methods and weak methodological rigour indicate the need for further research and action to promote gender equity.
POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Andrea C. Tricco, Sonia M. Thomas, Amruta Radhakrishnan, Naveeta Ramkissoon, Gary Mitchell, Jennifer Fortune, Ying Jiang, Margaret de Groh, Kerry Anderson, Joan Barker, Amelie Gauthier-Beaupre, Jennifer Watt, Sharon E. Straus
Summary: This systematic review aimed to identify effective interventions to prevent or mitigate social isolation and/or loneliness in older adults who experienced a fall. Four studies were included, each with different study designs and interventions. The results showed mixed effects, with three studies reporting no differences in social isolation or loneliness after the interventions. Only the multifactorial assessment intervention demonstrated a small positive effect on loneliness. However, there is still limited research examining interventions for social isolation or loneliness in this particular population, indicating a need for further studies.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Lisa Fonss Rasmussen, Louise Bang Grode, Jeppe Lange, Ishay Barat, Merete Gregersen
Summary: Transitional care interventions can reduce readmission rates among older medical patients, especially when the interventions are of high intensity, last at least 1 month, and target high-risk patients. However, the methodological quality of included studies is generally poor, indicating a need for more high-quality research to evaluate the impact of interventions.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Edward Mullins, Shalini Sharma, Alison H. McGregor
Summary: The study evaluated adherence to and effect of postnatal physical activity interventions, finding that unsupervised interventions had higher loss to follow-up and lower adherence compared to supervised studies.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Valentina Donison, Tyler R. Chesney, Aria Wills, Brenda Santos, Bianca McLean, Naser Alqurini, Nazia Hossain, Sara Durbano, Manon Lemonde, Shabbir M. H. Alibhai, Martine Puts
Summary: Low- to moderate-quality studies have shown that there are effective self-efficacy-targeted interventions for older adults to improve various geriatric domains and related outcomes. However, the long-term effects, validation, and scalability of these interventions remain largely unknown.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Rachael Lucia Miller, Jonathan David Barnes, Ronelle Mouton, Philip Braude, Robert Hinchliffe
Summary: This systematic review describes the application of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) in surgical populations. The study found that the use of CGA in the perioperative setting varied, with inadequate reporting on the intervention and standard care, and little focus on adherence. Future research should focus on clearly defining and standardizing the intervention, as well as measuring adherence within trials.
Review
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Ivone Nunes da Silva Santa, Mariana Cabral Schveitzer, Maria Lucia Barbosa Maia dos Santos, Ricardo Ghelman, Vicente Odone Filho
Summary: This systematic review found that music interventions have positive effects on reducing pain and anxiety, as well as improving the quality of life for children undergoing cancer treatment.
COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ana Isabel Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Robin Bruenn, Julia Nothacker, Truc Sophia Dinh, Maria-Sophie Brueckle, Mirjam Dieckelmann, Beate S. Mueller, Marjan van den Akker
Summary: This project aims to systematically review how multimorbidity affects the daily lives of middle-aged individuals and identifies coping strategies to overcome these challenges.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Rebecca Lane Evans, Bronwyn Harris, Chinwe Onuegbu, Frances Griffiths
Summary: This study systematically reviewed and analyzed interventions that include menstrual education for young adolescent girls. The findings suggest that education interventions are effective in improving the menstrual knowledge and skills of young girls, and interactive interventions are more motivating than didactic or written approaches.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elena Patra, Anna Kokkinopoulou, Ioannis Pagkalos
Summary: Research and public policy interest in Sustainable Healthy Diets (SHDs) has increased due to the need for nutrition recommendations and diet practices to align with environmental concerns. This systematic review examines SHD interventions targeting primary school students and finds that indicator definitions and methods vary across studies, with a focus on food waste and diet quality rather than social and economic indicators. The review highlights the importance of standardizing SHD indicators and incorporating them into future interventions to maximize impact in the community.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Tom Lynch, Cristin Ryan, Cathal A. Cadogan
Summary: The study identifies barriers and facilitators to discontinuing BZRA use from the perspectives of both current and previous long-term users. Despite commonalities within individual TDF domains, participants had different experiences of determinants of BZRA discontinuation. Future work will focus on developing a theory-based intervention to support BZRA discontinuation in primary care.
HEALTH EXPECTATIONS
(2022)
Correction
Genetics & Heredity
Joseph O'Shea, Mark Ledwidge, Joseph Gallagher, Catherine Keenan, Cristin Ryan
PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Joseph O'Shea, Mark Ledwidge, Joseph Gallagher, Catherine Keenan, Cristin Ryan
Summary: Conventional medicines optimisation interventions in people with multimorbidity and polypharmacy are limited, and a more holistic and integrated approach is needed. Pharmacogenetics has the potential to improve medicines optimisation. Current studies suggest that pharmacist-led medicines optimisation, including pharmacogenetics, could have significant benefits for patients and health systems. However, further studies are needed to establish the generalizability of these findings in real-world patient populations.
PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Megan Cullen, Cathal Cadogan, Susmi George, Siobhan Murphy, Siobhan Freeney, Robbie Fitzpatrick, Judith Strawbridge
Summary: BackgroundPatients and the public have an important role in educating healthcare professionals. This study examined key stakeholders' views, experiences, and expectations of patient and public involvement in health professions education. The results showed that all participants valued the involvement of patients and the public and emphasized the need for institutional support and investment for PPI to develop.
BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Melanie Murphy, Kathleen Bennett, Marie Wright, Martina O'Reilly, Marian Conroy, Carmel Hughes, Sarah McLean, Cathal A. Cadogan
Summary: This study found that the number of medications prescribed to older adults with cancer increased as time to death approached, and the prevalence of potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) varied with the application of different tools. The study highlights the difficulties of examining PIP in this patient cohort.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACY
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Riona Mc Ardle, Khalid Abdul Jabbar, Silvia Del Din, Alan J. Thomas, Louise Robinson, Ngaire Kerse, Lynn Rochester, Michele Callisaya
Summary: This systematic review explores the role of habitual physical activity (HPA) in individuals with dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), highlighting the use of digital technology for objective measurement of HPA. The review reveals limitations in standardization of methods, protocols, and metrics, as well as the lack of longitudinal research and associations between HPA metrics and clinically meaningful outcomes. Recommendations include validation of methods, development of a core set of clinically meaningful HPA outcomes, and further investigation of socioecological factors influencing HPA participation in individuals with cognitive impairment.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Khalid Abdul Jabbar, Javad Sarvestan, Rana Zia Ur Rehman, Sue Lord, Ngaire Kerse, Ruth Teh, Silvia Del Din
Summary: This study develops a novel algorithm to accurately identify sitting, lying, and upright activities in community-dwelling older people. The algorithm demonstrates good to excellent agreement in identifying different activities in both scripted and non-scripted conditions, providing a valid measure of sedentary behavior in older adults.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Amy McGoldrick, Helen Byrne, Cathal Cadogan
Summary: This study aimed to assess the completeness of reporting of antidepressant tapering methods in a published systematic review using the TIDieR checklist. The findings showed that none of the included studies provided detailed descriptions of the checklist items. This lack of detailed reporting needs to be addressed to facilitate replication and adaptation of interventions and successful translation into clinical practice.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Anita E. Weidmann, Cathal A. Cadogan, Daniela Fialova, Ankie Hazen, Martin Henman, Monika Lutters, Betul Okuyan, Vibhu Paudyal, Francesca Wirth
Summary: Writing a research grant proposal is a daunting task with a high rejection rate. This article summarizes the key points for researchers to consider, including conceptualizing the research idea, finding the right funding call, planning, writing, and reflection during preparation. It aims to assist both new and experienced researchers in improving their grant review scores and is part of ESCP's commitment to stimulate innovative research in clinical pharmacy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maia Lingman, Ngaire Kerse, Marama Muru-Lanning, Ruth Teh
Summary: The population of older adults is growing rapidly, and current protein intake recommendations for this age group may not meet their needs. Reduced protein intake may be associated with decreased physical function in older adults. This study measured protein intake in individuals over 90 years old and found that a decrease in protein intake was observed over time. However, higher past protein intake was independently associated with better future functional status, emphasizing the importance of maintaining high protein intake in advanced age.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Rebecca Abey-Nesbit, Hamish A. Jamieson, Hans Ulrich Bergler, Ngaire Kerse, John W. Pickering, Ruth Teh
Summary: This study found that cognitive impairment is the most common health issue for community-dwelling older adults in New Zealand. Cardiovascular disease has the highest mortality risk for all ethnic groups, and in the non-Maori/non-Pacific group, the risk of mortality with cognitive impairment is as high as the risk of cardiovascular disease. Additionally, there is an inverse relationship between age and cancer mortality risk. Important differences between ethnic groups are also reported.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Kim Sarah Sczuka, Marc Schneider, Michael Schellenbach, Ngaire Kerse, Clemens Becker, Jochen Klenk
Summary: This study aims to establish a dynamic fall risk model by conducting experiments in a laboratory setting. The results will contribute to a more accurate prediction and prevention of fall events, reducing associated healthcare costs and improving individual quality of life.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mhairi K. Maclean, Rana Zia Ur Rehman, Ngaire Kerse, Lynne Taylor, Lynn Rochester, Silvia Del Din
Summary: This study developed two walking bout detection algorithms for people living in long-term residential care, both of which accurately classified walking and non-walking data. The personalized algorithm showed the highest specificity and the algorithms were capable of real-time processing.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Audrey Rankin, Ashleigh Gorman, Judith Cole, Cathal A. Cadogan, Heather E. Barry, Ashley Agus, Danielle Logan, Cliona McDowell, Gerard J. Molloy, Cristin Ryan, Claire Leathem, Marina Maxwell, Connie Brennan, Gerard J. Gormley, Alan Ferrett, Pat McCarthy, Tom Fahey, Carmel M. Hughes
Summary: This study aimed to assess the feasibility of an intervention to improve appropriate polypharmacy in older people in primary care in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. Despite the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, the study demonstrated that conducting such an intervention in these healthcare jurisdictions may be feasible.
PILOT AND FEASIBILITY STUDIES
(2022)
Article
Primary Health Care
Aisling Barry, Simon Lewin, Cathal A. Cadogan
Summary: This study applied the intervention Complexity Assessment Tool for Systematic Reviews to evaluate brief interventions targeting long-term use of BZRAs. The findings suggest that more detailed reporting of interventions is needed to optimize the application of the assessment tool.