Article
Thermodynamics
Wei-Ting Hsu, Namkyu Lee, Maroosol Yun, Donghwi Lee, Hyung Hee Cho
Summary: The energy management issues of data center cooling systems have become more severe due to the miniaturization of electronic components. Two-phase immersion cooling is the most potential cooling method for resolving the energy consumption issues. By using polymerized surfaces with anisotropic pillar structures, the overall heat transfer performance can be further improved.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhenhua Zhang, Xiaodi Zhao, Jian Zhang, Guohua Bai, Hua Guo, Weiwei Liu, Bin Zhang, Jin Wang, Lianze Ji, Fu-rong Chen, Lizhong Zhao, Xuefeng Zhang
Summary: This article introduces a new type of micro-pillar structure that allows remote control of micro-pillars through the metal-insulator transition (MIT) of vanadium dioxide (VO2) in response to an electromagnetic field. By adding layers of amorphous silicon oxide, accurate control of the bending of the micro-pillars is achieved.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yaniv Kerzhner, Ariel Epstein
Summary: We propose an analytical scheme for designing metagrating-enhanced sparse antenna arrays, which does not involve time-consuming optimizations or complex manipulations. Instead, it utilizes a passive metagrating superstrate and a semianalytical procedure to ensure suppression of grating lobes. By extending previous formulations, we establish analytical relations connecting the passive and active elements, enabling the resolution of detailed device configurations for optimal directivity. The developed scheme offers a novel method for mitigating grating lobes in sparse arrays with scanning capabilities.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Marc Hodes, Daniel Kane, Martin Z. Bazant, Toby L. Kirk
Summary: This article investigates laminar flows of liquid in parallel-plate microchannels with isoflux ridges in the Cassie state. Expressions for slip lengths and Nusselt numbers are developed through asymptotic expansions. The paper provides a new closed-form result for Nusselt numbers when the ridges are parallel to the flow and quantifies the error in previous expressions. When the ridges are transverse to the flow, the error associated with neglecting inertial effects in the slip length is shown to depend on the Reynolds number. The accuracy of the Nusselt number expressions is also dependent on additional fluid parameters. The article also discusses the solution to the inner temperature problem encountered near the ridges.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bennett Link, Yuri Levin
Summary: The study investigates the pinning and unpinning of superfluid vortices in the inner crust of a neutron star using three-dimensional simulations. It is found that certain lattice orientations lead to strong pinning, and this is generally observed in an amorphous or impure nuclear lattice. The pinning force is strong enough to explain observed glitches, and the two-state nature of vortex motion sets the stage for large-scale vortex movement. The vortex array is likely to become tangled due to repeated unpinning and repinning.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
M. M. A. M. Mannens, M. P. Lombardi, M. Alders, P. Henneman, J. Bliek
Summary: Methylation tests, especially the use of DNAm arrays, have revolutionized DNA diagnostics by enabling fast and accurate diagnoses of various diseases based on the individual's DNA methylation patterns. The discovery of specific episignatures associated with different disorders has expanded the application of DNAm testing in regular diagnostics, including environmentally induced clinical disorders.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Shiyu Zhang, Ruisong Wang, Solomon Adera, Jiahui Guo, Yida Wang, Dion S. Antao
Summary: This article presents a semi-analytical modeling framework to predict the transient capillary-driven hemiwicking behavior of liquids on nano/microstructured surfaces. The model is validated with experimental data and predicts the dynamics accurately with less than 20% error. It sheds light on solid-liquid-vapor interfacial interactions and can guide the design of textured surfaces for wicking enhancement in thermal and mass transport applications.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Matthias Geissler, Andre Ponton, Christina Nassif, Lidija Malic, Karine Turcotte, Ljuboje Lukic, Keith J. Morton, Teodor Veres
Summary: In this study, we investigated the use of periodic micropillar arrays for solid-phase immunoassays. These three-dimensional templates offer higher surface-to-volume ratios compared to two-dimensional substrates, resulting in increased signal intensity. Micropillar arrays also have the ability to induce wicking, allowing for spatial control of antibody distribution on the surface. Our findings suggest that the signal intensity scales proportionally with the 3D surface area available for performing solid-phase immunoassays, even at high aspect ratios and pillar densities.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jiang Chun, Chen Xu, Yufei Zhang, Qifan Li, Rongfu Wen, Xuehu Ma
Summary: Efficient cooling approach for high heat flux removal can be achieved through evaporation and boiling heat transfer on micro/nanostructured surfaces with superior wicking capability. This study reports a rapid capillary wicking capability on hierarchical nanowired surfaces with interconnected V-grooves, reaching a wicking coefficient of 6.54 mm/s(0.5). Experimental results show that larger fractions and depths of V-grooves, as well as higher surface tension to viscosity ratios of the liquid, lead to higher wicking coefficients.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Theory & Methods
John Kaspar, D. K. Sheena Christy, V. Masilamani, D. G. Thomas
Summary: This paper presents a theoretical study on two dimensional fuzzy regular languages and two dimensional fuzzy finite state automata. It discusses the closure properties of two dimensional fuzzy regular languages and their applications in kolam patterns.
FUZZY SETS AND SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Rongzong Huang, Qing Li, Nikolaus A. Adams
Summary: This paper investigates the surface thermodynamics and wetting condition of a recent multiphase lattice Boltzmann model with a self-tuning equation of state (EOS). A new form of free-energy density for the solid surface is proposed, which effectively adjusts the contact angle and reduces density deviation. A thermodynamically consistent treatment for the wetting condition is also proposed. Numerical tests validate the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the wetting condition treatment. Satisfying results consistent with previous studies are obtained in further simulations.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Surajit Sengupta, Manik Bhowmick, Sujoy Karmokar
Summary: This research studied the wicking properties of jute in various forms, such as fiber, yarn, woven fabric, and nonwoven. The study found that yarn parameters, fabric type, and nonwoven parameters all had an impact on the wicking behavior of jute. It was observed that horizontal wicking was consistently higher than vertical wicking, and weft yarn exhibited better wicking than warp yarn.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
XiaoLiang Wang, HaoYu Wang, YongDa Liu, Min Qi, QuanYao Ren, Jie Xu, DeBin Shan, Bin Guo
Summary: In this study, surfaces with zirconium alloy micro-pillar arrays were prepared using micro-milling and ultraviolet nanosecond laser technology, and their functional properties were investigated. It was found that micro-milling had better dimensional accuracy, while laser ablation resulted in less stable and easily corroded multi-scale structures. Micro-pillar arrays manufactured using micro-milling exhibited better structural stability and corrosion resistance.
SCIENCE CHINA-TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Wei-Ting Hsu, Namkyu Lee, Donghwi Lee, JeongJu Kim, Maroosol Yun, Hyung Hee Cho
Summary: Recent research has focused on anisotropic wicking surfaces, which show improved boiling heat transfer by using bent polymerized pillar arrays compared to surfaces with vertically polymerized pillars. Experimental results confirmed the enhancements of critical heat flux and heat transfer coefficient on anisotropic wicking surfaces, and the relationship between liquid pinning forces and polymerized pillar surfaces was theoretically analyzed for a better understanding of the enhanced boiling heat transfer during subcooled flow boiling.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zenan Wang, Hao Huang, Chungen Hsu, Xiaogong Wang
Summary: In this study, the response of submicron pillar arrays to vector light fields with spatial-variant states of polarization is systematically investigated. The pillar deformations caused by the vector beam irradiations generate various optical effects and can be used to create structural colors on the pillar arrays. This research reveals the unique correlations between the pillar deformations and transverse polarization morphologies of vector beams and demonstrates a promising approach to fabricate optical functional surfaces.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hao Zhe Yoh, Yaping Chen, Stella Aslanoglou, Sherman Wong, Zlatan Trifunovic, Simon Crawford, Esther Lestrell, Craig Priest, Maria Alba, Helmut Thissen, Nicolas H. Voelcker, Roey Elnathan
Summary: This study explores cell responses to substrate stiffness by engineering polymeric nanoneedle arrays of different stiffness, demonstrating potential intracellular delivery mechanisms of polymeric nanoneedles through interactions between cells and different polymeric substrates with varying stiffness.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Weikun Huang, Tongzhi Wu, Cong Xie, Christopher K. Rayner, Craig Priest, Heike Ebendorff-Heidepriem, Jiangbo (Tim) Zhao
Summary: The article discusses the importance of calcium ions in intra- and inter-cellular signaling, particularly in insulin secretion. Various sensors for detecting calcium ions are described, with a focus on emerging approaches and challenges in the field.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Roey Elnathan, Andrew Dzurak, Justin Cooper-White, Craig Priest, Hark Hoe Tan, Michael Withford, Gordon Wallace, Lorenzo Faraone, Tom Eddershaw, Ian Griffiths, Jane Fitzpatrick, Nicolas H. Voelcker
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Daisy Yang, Aliaa Shallan, Michael C. Breadmore, Christopher Greet, Craig Priest
Summary: This study successfully applied an open microfluidic chip for real-time continuous monitoring of EDTA extractable iron in mineral slurries, providing a convenient and efficient analysis method for depressing mineral flotation in mineral processing.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Optics
Tomas Chlouba, Roy Shiloh, Pontus Forsberg, Mathias Hamberg, Mikael Karlsson, Martin Kozak, Peter Hommelhoff
Summary: The field of dielectric laser accelerators has gained significant interest in recent years due to its potential applications and transformative opportunities. This paper explores the use of diamond as an alternative material to silicon, finding that it enables higher acceleration gradients and offers greater potential for subrelativistic electrons.
Article
Mechanics
Weiwei Li, Martin Brinkmann, Hagen Scholl, Marco Di Michiel, Stephan Herminghaus, Ralf Seemann
Summary: This study proposes three alternative methods to characterize fluid displacement patterns in three-dimensional media, successfully distinguishing between the structure morphologies of different liquids in homogeneous and mixed wettability bead packs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Daisy Yang, Moein Navvab Kashani, Craig Priest
Summary: In this study, a multistream microchip was used for industrial-scale microfluidic solvent extraction of high-value metals, showing significantly higher throughput without compromising extraction performance. The approach to steady state in a three-stage counter-current extraction circuit was monitored, proving the effectiveness of this method.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Nicolas Riesen, Zane Q. Peterkovic, Bin Guan, Alexandre Francois, David G. Lancaster, Craig Priest
Summary: The rapid development of optofluidic technologies has led to the demand for sensing platforms that are easy to use, have simple sample manipulation, and provide high performance and sensitivity. This study presents an integrated optofluidic sensor that combines a pillar array-based open microfluidic chip and caged dye-doped whispering gallery mode microspheres. The sensor shows potential for simple real-time monitoring of liquids. The sensor achieves a refractive index sensitivity of approximately 40 nm/RIU and a detection limit of approximately 3 x 10(-3) RIU (approximately 20 mg/mL glucose).
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Bin Guan, Jing-Hong Pai, Mark Cherrill, Billy Michalatos, Craig Priest
Summary: Injection moulding of micropillar arrays is a fast and inexpensive method for manufacturing various devices. A comparative study of PMMA and COC injection moulding of micropillar arrays reveals that COC can reproduce the mould's nano/microstructures more precisely than PMMA, making it suitable for devices requiring micro and nano-structured features.
MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES-MICRO-AND NANOSYSTEMS-INFORMATION STORAGE AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nicolas Riesen, Craig Priest, David G. G. Lancaster, Kate Badek, Hans Riesen
Summary: Thin films of BaFCl:Sm nanocrystals with a polymer binder were used to create fluorescence images. The films were exposed to UV-C light, resulting in the conversion of Sm3+ to Sm2+ ions and a large linear dynamic range. The red fluorescence of Sm2+ was read-out using blue-violet illumination and a laser scanning confocal microscope, with a resolution equivalent to 125 line pairs per mm or 6400 dpi for 16 greyscale levels. Higher resolutions could be achieved with collimated UV-C laser exposure or higher resolution photomasks. Ultra-high resolution binary fluorescence images with resolutions down to 2 μm (250 line pairs per mm, 12,700 dpi) were also created. The technology could have applications in anti-counterfeiting labeling.
Article
Physics, Applied
Alexandru Gheorghiu, Daisy Yang, Iliana Delcheva, Craig Priest, Melanie MacGregor
Summary: Plasma-polymerized polyoxazoline (POx) thin films can be used as a fast and solvent-free method for electrode functionalization. This study investigated the effects of current exposure, extended incubation, and repeated electrode rinses on the stability of polymethyloxazoline thin films. The films were found to become more diffusive after incubation and rinse steps, and changes in nanotopography were observed after exposure to current, suggesting a change in the film structure.
PLASMA PROCESSES AND POLYMERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hsuan-Yi Peng, Bang-Yan Liu, Chi-Chun Lo, Li-Jen Chen, Ralf Seemann, Martin Brinkmann
Summary: Directional wicking and spreading of liquids can be achieved by specifically designed topographic features that break reflection symmetry. This study investigates the formation and stability of wetting films during the evaporation process on surfaces with a micro-pattern of triangular posts. The evolution of drops is controlled by post density and aspect ratio, with no influence of post orientation on contact line mobility. The experiments confirm previous numerical results, showing that the conditions for spontaneous retraction of a wicking film only weakly depend on the edge orientation relative to the micro-pattern.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Alex Gheorghiu, Daisy Yang, Tiexin Li, Essam M. Dief, Nadim Darwish, Craig Priest, Melanie Macgregor
Summary: Plasma deposited polyoxazoline thin films are a promising solution for immuno-functionalization of electrochemical biosensors. By incorporating gold nanoparticles, the conductivity of the films can be enhanced. Surface bound electrochemical measurements and conductive atomic force microscopy were used to uncover the mechanism for nanoparticle-mediated electron transport through the insulating matrix.
MATERIALS ADVANCES
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Timothy J. Palinski, Bin Guan, Bronwyn H. Bradshaw-Hajek, Michael A. Lienhard, Craig Priest, Felix A. Miranda
Summary: This paper reports an optofluidic sensor for rapid detection of gas-phase analytes towards wearable colorimetric sensing. The sensor consists of a metal-insulator-metal thin-film structure integrated with a quartz micropillar array to improve the delivery of vapor analytes onto the sensing surface. Experimental results demonstrate that the micropillar array significantly reduces the sensor response time compared with conventional chamber experiments. The concentration-dependent response of the sensor confirms its potential for continuous, compact, and quantitative colorimetric analysis of volatile analytes in low-volume samples.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Timothy J. J. Palinski, Bin Guan, Bronwyn H. H. Bradshaw-Hajek, Michael A. A. Lienhard, Craig Priest, Felix A. Miranda
Summary: This paper presents a colorimetric sensing system for rapid detection of gas-phase analytes from flowing micro-volume fluid samples. The sensor platform combines an analyte-responsive metal-insulator-metal (MIM) thin-film structure with a large area quartz micropillar array, allowing precise alignment and separation of optical and fluidic structures. The sensor's response time is reduced from minutes to seconds, making it suitable for portable/wearable devices. The platform shows potential for continuous, compact, and quantitative colorimetric analysis of volatile analytes in low-volume samples.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yiping Yin, Zhe Wang, Hua Zou
Summary: This study presents a novel method for preparing dimpled polymer-silica nanocomposite particles using interfacial swelling-based seeded polymerization. The optimized conditions allow for a relatively high percentage of dimpled particles to be achieved.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Brenden D. Hoehn, Elizabeth A. Kellstedt, Marc A. Hillmyer
Summary: Porous materials with nanometer-scale pores have important applications as nanoporous membranes. In this study, ABA triblock copolymers were used as precursors to produce nanoporous polymeric membranes (NPMs) in thin film form by degrading the end blocks. Polycyclooctene (PCOE) NPMs with tunable pore sizes were successfully prepared using solvent casting technique. Oxygen plasma etching was employed to improve the surface porosity and hydrophilicity of the membranes. This study provides a straightforward method to produce tough NPMs with high porosity and hydrophilic surface properties.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Vladislav S. Petrovskii, Stepan I. Zholudev, Igor I. Potemkin
Summary: This article investigates the behavior of linear and ring polypeptide chains in aqueous solution and explores the properties of the complexes formed by these chains with oppositely charged surfactants. The results demonstrate that the complexes of linear supercharged unfolded polypeptides and the corresponding surfactants exhibit impressive adhesive properties.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Merve Cevik, Serkan Dikici
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of death globally, and vascular grafts are a promising treatment option. This study focuses on tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) using decellularized parsley stems as a potential biomaterial. The decellularized parsley stems showed suitable properties for TEVGs, providing a suitable environment for human endothelial cells to form a pseudo endothelium. This study showcases the potential of using parsley stems for TEVGs.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Gustavo A. Vasquez-Montoya, Tadej Emersic, Noe Atzin, Antonio Tavera-Vazquez, Ali Mozaffari, Rui Zhang, Orlando Guzman, Alexey Snezhko, Paul F. Nealey, Juan J. de Pablo
Summary: The optical properties of liquid crystals are typically controlled by electric fields. In this study, we investigate the effects of microfluidic flows and acoustic fields on the molecular orientation and optical response of nematic liquid crystals. We identify several previously unknown structures and explain them through calculations and simulations. These findings hold promise for the development of new systems combining sound, flow, and confinement.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xinjun Wu, Xin Guan, Shushu Chen, Jiangpeng Jia, Chongyi Chen, Jiawei Zhang, Chuanzhuang Zhao
Summary: This research presents a novel shape memory hydrogel with a remodelable permanent shape and programmable cold-induced shape recovery behavior. The hydrogel is prepared using specific treatment methods to achieve shape fixation by heating and shape recovery by cooling. Additionally, deformable devices can be obtained by assembling hydrogel blocks with different concentrations.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rebecca Hengsbach, Gerhard Fink, Ulrich Simon
Summary: This study examines the properties of DNA functionalized pNipmam microgels and pure pNipmam microgels at different concentrations of sodium chloride and in PBS solutions using temperature dependent H-1-NMR measurements. The results show that DNA modification affects the volume phase transition temperature and the addition of salt and PBS further enhances this effect.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ningyi Li, Junhong Li, Lijingting Qing, Shicheng Ma, Yao Li, Baohui Li
Summary: This paper investigates the self-assembly behavior of colloids with competing interactions under spherical confinement and finds that different ordered structures can be formed under different sized spherical confinements. Moreover, more perforated structures are formed in smaller spheres.
