Review
Engineering, Chemical
Jesus Roberto Vargas-Ortiz, Carmen Gonzalez, Karen Esquivel
Summary: This review discusses the role, physicochemical properties, potential applications, and toxicological effects of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in complex biological systems. MNPs have been widely used in various industries, leading to increased interactions with biological organisms. However, the full impact of these particles on complex biological systems and the toxicology aspects of their biomedical applications remain unclear, with mixed and inconclusive results. A consolidative framework that considers the physicochemical properties and potential risks of MNPs is necessary for their future manageable applications.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dibyendu Mondal, Harrison M. Snodgrass, Christian A. Gomez, Jared C. Lewis
Summary: The ability to selectively modify functional groups in a molecule can simplify syntheses and increase yields. Enzymes can catalyze site-selective transformations, but using this capability for non-native substrates and reactions requires understanding of enzymatic catalysis and protein engineering. This review discusses examples of site-selective enzyme catalysis involving functional group manipulation and C-H bond functionalization, focusing on cases with non-native substrates and engineered enzymes. The review also explores the use of these enzymes in chemoenzymatic transformations and target-oriented synthesis, and provides an overview of tools and techniques to expand the scope of non-native site-selective enzyme catalysis.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jia Kang, Ning Zhou, Yao-wen Zhang, Yi-hang Wang, Chu-qiong Song, Xu Gao, Gang-fu Song, Jin-song Guo, Lei Huang, Teng-fei Ma, Xin Yu
Summary: This review summarizes the preparation methods, applications, migration and transformation behavior, and toxic effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in aquatic environments.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Adithya Polasa, Imann Mosleh, James Losey, Alireza Abbaspourrad, Robert Beitle, Mahmoud Moradi
Summary: This study investigates the formation of nanoparticles using a specific peptide and its variants in both isolated and fused states. The results show that the presence of a protein reduces the sensitivity of nanoparticles to the peptide sequence, allowing for the synthesis of nanoparticles with well-regulated properties.
NANOSCALE ADVANCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xiang-Yu Yan, Jia-Fu Leng, Ting-Ting Chen, Yong-Jun Zhao, Ling-Yi Kong, Yong Yin
Summary: A series of novel diphenylamine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-proliferative activities against human cancer cell lines. Among them, compound 5f exhibited promising anti-proliferative activity against HT29 cells and showed inhibitory effects on cancer cell migration, colony formation, and angiogenesis. Further studies revealed that compound 5f inhibited tubulin polymerization, arrested HT29 cell cycle, induced cell apoptosis, and inhibited tumor growth in animal models. The compound also demonstrated good pharmacokinetic properties. These findings suggest that compound 5f has potential as an antitumor candidate and warrants further investigation.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Durga Devi Suppiah, Nurhidayatullaili Muhd Julkapli, Suresh Sagadevan, Mohd Rafie Johan
Summary: Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles can be produced using natural extracts instead of chemicals. Plant extraction techniques have advantages for industrial production due to their simplicity and environmental friendliness. Phytochemicals play a significant role in the synthesis reactions and can act as capping, reducing, and stabilizing agents. This green synthesis route is cost-effective and does not require expensive or hazardous chemicals. The review paper explores different green iron oxide nanoparticles and their potential applications in photocatalysis and biological activities.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Akib Nisar, Devangi K. Ajabia, Sanskruthi B. Agrawal, Sanjana Varma, Bhushan P. Chaudhari, Rashmi S. Tupe
Summary: The interaction and structural modifications of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were investigated. The results showed that the presence of IONPs led to structural modifications and conformational changes in albumin, forming IONPs-BSA conjugates.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Marcin Klisz, Radoslaw Puchalka, Marcin Jakubowski, Marcin Koprowski, Maksym Netsvetov, Yulia Prokopuk, Jernej Jevsenak
Summary: Two European pine species, Pinus sylvestris and Pinus nigra, are experiencing dieback due to the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme climatic events. Recent species distribution models suggest that their habitat will shrink and shift towards the northeast in the near future. To investigate the acclimation ability of native and introduced pine species, researchers examined the climate sensitivity and vitality of P. sylvestris, P. nigra, and P. rigida in Central Europe. The results showed that the climate sensitivity and surface reflectance of the pines were determined by local site conditions rather than their nativeness in Central Europe. The character of future climatic extremes seems to be the key to understanding the acclimation of these pine species.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
P. Kahali, M. Montazer, M. Kamali Dolatabadi
Summary: This study focuses on modifying polyester fabric using iron oxide nanoparticles to create environmentally friendly multifunctional fabrics. The modified fabrics showed superparamagnetic behavior, antibacterial activity, decreased absorbance of methylene blue, lower release of iron ions, lower cell toxicity, and increased wetting capacity and thermal ability.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Thomas Galeandro-Diamant, Vincent Dardun, Moulay Tahar Sougrati, Lorenzo Stievano, Kirill A. Lomachenko, Laurent Veyre, Valerie Meille, Chloe Thieuleux
Summary: Non-crystalline and non-metallic iron-based nanoparticles were synthesized in solution from easily accessible commercial products in mild conditions. These nanoparticles were used to generate well-defined solids containing metallic iron or iron oxide nanoparticles. The non-crystallinity and organometallic character of the starting iron nanoparticles were found to be beneficial in generating a specific catalytic activity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Gao-feng Wu, Jian Zhu, Guo-jun Weng, Jian-jun Li, Jun-wu Zhao
Summary: Heterodimers of metal nanoparticles, composed of two metals, exhibit exceptional flexibility and unique properties, making them versatile for various applications. With different metals contributing to outstanding surface properties and catalytic capabilities, these nanoparticles can be utilized for diverse purposes.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Maximilian O. Besenhard, Sayan Pal, Georgios Gkogkos, Asterios Gavriilidis
Summary: The potential of flow chemistry for nanomaterial synthesis has been demonstrated, but reactor fouling remains a bottleneck for flow synthesis. Various reactor designs and operations have been developed to mitigate or prevent fouling, depending on the particle formation mechanism and kinetics. This review discusses the origins and consequences of reactor fouling in wet-chemical nanomaterial syntheses, and showcases the diversity of reactor designs and operations to address fouling.
REACTION CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kharittha Phatthanawiwat, Chanita Boonkanon, Worawit Wongniramaikul, Aree Choodum
Summary: Green colorimetric sensors based on the immobilization of catechin and curcumin nanoparticles on macroporous starch cryogels were developed for the on-site detection of iron. The sensors showed excellent linearity, low detection limit, and accuracy. The concentrations of iron in water samples quantified by the sensors and the DIC method were comparable to those obtained from flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Omar M. Khubiev, Victoria E. Esakova, Anton R. Egorov, Artsiom E. Bely, Roman A. Golubev, Maxim V. Tachaev, Anatoly A. Kirichuk, Nikolai N. Lobanov, Alexander G. Tskhovrebov, Andreii S. Kritchenkov
Summary: In this study, chitosan/Fe(III)/deferoxamine nanoparticles were prepared with a unimodal size distribution. These nanoparticles exhibited outstanding antibacterial activity in vitro and in vivo, surpassing that of commercial antibiotics ampicillin and gentamicin. Additionally, the nanoparticles were found to be non-toxic. The introduction of iron ions into the chitosan matrix increased the ability of the nanoparticles to disrupt the integrity of microorganism membranes, and the incorporation of deferoxamine greatly enhanced their membrane destruction effect.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jun Zhu, Yi Han, Yong Ni, Shaofei Wu, Qiuyu Zhang, Tianyu Jiao, Zhengtao Li, Jishan Wu
Summary: The study reports the synthesis of molecular cages consisting of fully fused, pi-conjugated rings, where a self-condensation process forms a cage with a defined cavity structure and preorganization provided by eight-membered rings. The synthetic strategy opens opportunities for accessing more complex three-dimensional pi-conjugated cages.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Peter Kitin, Satoshi Nakaba, Christopher G. Hunt, Sierin Lim, Ryo Funada
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sabyasachi Mukhopadhyay, Senthil Kumar Karuppannan, Cunlan Guo, Jerry A. Fereiro, Adam Bergren, Vineetha Mukundan, Xinkai Qiu, Olga E. Castaneda Ocampo, Xiaoping Chen, Ryan C. Chiechi, Richard McCreery, Israel Pecht, Mordechai Sheves, Rupali Reddy Pasula, Sierin Lim, Christian A. Nijhuis, Ayelet Vilan, David Cahen
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
David Nesbitt, Gunnar Pruessner, Chiu Fan Lee
Summary: The dynamics of dry active matter have important implications for a range of biological phenomena, including animal flocking, cell tissue dynamics, and swarming of insects and bacteria. Many interesting behaviors have been observed at high densities, but remain difficult to simulate due to computational demand. By modifying the lattice Boltzmann method, researchers were able to study two-dimensional dry active fluids in a dense regime, uncovering multiple novel phase transitions and supporting simulation results with analytical treatment of hydrodynamic equations.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrew W. Folkmann, Andrea Putnam, Chiu Fan Lee, Geraldine Seydoux
Summary: This study reveals that the dynamics of biomolecular condensates are regulated by protein clusters. Through experiments and theory, it is demonstrated that the assembly of P granules is controlled by MEG-3 protein, which helps lower surface tension and slow down coarsening.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Chiu Fan Lee
Summary: Motility-induced phase separation (MIPS) is a non-equilibrium phenomenon where self-propelled particles separate into different phases without attractive interactions. It is characterized by the emergence of polar, nematic, and higher order structures at the interface, which are poorly understood. By using a model that captures all many-body interactions through effective speed and pressure functions dependent on local particle density, the study derives an infinite set of integral formulas for the ordering structures at the interface. It is shown that half of these formulas are exact for generic active Brownian particle systems and validated through numerical simulations.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Andrew Killeen, Thibault Bertrand, Chiu Fan Lee
Summary: A collection of motile cells, each generating contractile nematic stresses in isolation, can exhibit extensile nematic behavior at the tissue level, which seems contradictory. Understanding this phenomenon is crucial in biology and has fundamental significance in soft matter and many body physics.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Leiming Chen, Chiu Fan Lee, Ananyo Maitra, John Toner
Summary: We present a hydrodynamic theory of incompressible polar active fluids with quenched random field disorder, showing that despite the disruption caused by the disorder, these fluids can move coherently with a non-zero mean velocity in the hydrodynamic limit. However, linearized hydrodynamics cannot describe the scaling behavior of this class of active systems in spatial dimensions between 2 and 5. Nevertheless, we obtained exact dimension-dependent scaling exponents in these dimensions.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Leiming Chen, Chiu Fan Lee, Ananyo Maitra, John Toner
Summary: This study investigates the ordered phase of incompressible polar active fluids in the presence of quenched disorder in two dimensions. The research reveals the robustness of the ordered state and provides scaling laws. The findings have significant implications for understanding the coherent motion of biological systems.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Benjamin Partridge, Sara Gonzalez Anton, Reema Khorshed, George Adams, Constandina Pospori, Cristina Lo Celso, Chiu Fan Lee
Summary: Multi-potent progenitor cells play a key role in hematopoiesis by migrating in and out of different niches to determine their fate. Our analysis of experimental data and the use of a cell motion model revealed that these cells display transient super-diffusion, highlighting the importance of motility in early hematopoietic progenitor function.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Patrick Jentsch, Chiu Fan Lee
Summary: Active matter is a fertile ground for novel physics, and dynamic renormalization group (DRG) analysis has revealed many new universality classes in polar active fluids (PAFs). However, previous studies have been limited due to technical difficulties, and only explored compressible PAFs at the one-loop level. In this study, we use functional renormalization group (FRG) methods to overcome these limitations and uncover critical behavior in compressible PAFs, calculating critical exponents beyond the one-loop level. We find three universality classes, and show that at least two of these classes violate the fluctuation-dissipation relation, indicating they are out of equilibrium.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrea Cairoli, Alice Spenlehauer, Darryl R. Overby, Chiu Fan Lee
Summary: Cells can adapt to hostile environmental conditions by dynamically changing their shape. Scientists propose that the formation of giant vacuoles can be described as inverse blebbing and model this process to explain it.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Leiming Chen, Chiu Fan Lee, Ananyo Maitra, John Toner
Summary: We study the moving phase of two-dimensional incompressible polar active fluids in the presence of both quenched and annealed disorder. We show that long-range polar order persists in this defect-ridden two-dimensional system. By employing three distinct dynamic renormalization group schemes, we obtain the scaling laws of velocity fluctuations at large distances and long times. Surprisingly, the quenched and annealed parts of the velocity correlation function exhibit the same anisotropy exponent and the relaxational and propagating parts of the dispersion relation have the same dynamic exponent in the nonlinear theory, despite being distinct in the linearized theory. This is attributed to anomalous hydrodynamics. Furthermore, the three renormalization schemes yield similar universal exponents, indicating the high accuracy of the numerical values predicted.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Thibault Bertrand, Chiu Fan Lee
Summary: By using generic hydrodynamic equations, we unify various phase transitions and phase coexistences in active fluids and identify a new coexistence phase and a multicritical point.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Fatemeh Nasrollahi, Farzana Nazir, Maryam Tavafoghi, Vahid Hosseini, Mohammad Ali Darabi, David Paramelle, Ali Khademhosseini, Samad Ahadian
Summary: Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are introduced as a biocompatible and stable fluorophore for noninvasive monitoring of a physically cross-linked injectable shear-thinning biomaterial (STB) of gelatin-silicate nanoplatelets. Different STB-GQDs formulations are assessed in terms of fluorescence intensity, injectability, thermal stability, and cellular biocompatibility, with the most optimal formulation showing strong in vitro fluorescence and high thermal stability. In vivo monitoring of STB-GQDs through fluorescent imaging demonstrates robust and stable signals, highlighting their potential for long-term tracking of gelatin-based STBs.
ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Chiu Fan Lee
Summary: Phase separation is a common phenomenon in various physical systems and biological cells. Recent experimental studies have found that the coarsening rates of intracellular condensates are unexpectedly slow, possibly due to the slow conversion of condensate constituents. Traditional theories of phase separation are no longer applicable, but the conversion-limited phase separation model can be mapped onto a grain growth model in three-dimensional materials.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2021)