Review
Neurosciences
Nikolas Bergum, Casey-Tyler Berezin, Jozsef Vigh
Summary: Chronic opioid use is associated with sleep disturbances, but the mechanism is unclear. Animal studies suggest that opioids disrupt the circadian rhythms by affecting retinal cells responsible for light detection. Therefore, ipRGCs may be a potential therapeutic target for opioid-related sleep problems.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sabra M. Abbott, Jin Choi, John Wilson, Phyllis C. Zee
Summary: Individuals with delayed sleep-wake phase disorder (DSWPD) and sighted non-24-hour sleep-wake rhythm disorder (N24SWD) exhibit significantly reduced melanopsin-dependent retinal photo-transduction. This may represent a novel mechanism involved in the development of these disorders.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takashi Kitahashi, Daisuke Kurokawa, Shouzo Ogiso, Nobuo Suzuki, Hironori Ando
Summary: The study found that there were no significant diurnal or circadian changes in melanopsin gene mRNA levels in the brain of juvenile grass puffer, but a significant diurnal rhythm was observed in the mRNA levels of opn4xa in the eyes, while opn4xb showed both diurnal and circadian changes. Continuous exposure to light during the subjective night significantly increased the mRNA levels of opn4xa in the eyes at ZT24.
FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Miao Cao, Ting Xu, Hongchang Zhang, Sheng Wei, Huan Wang, Yiqun Song, Xueping Guo, Da Chen, Daqiang Yin
Summary: In this study, exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of BDE-47 disrupted the NIF visual pathway and led to depression-like effects in zebrafish larvae. The activity of melanopsin genes, clock genes, and neuropeptides was affected, as well as indicative factors of depression. These findings suggest that BDE-47 exposure can have profound health effects on mood disorders.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alejandro Martinez-Aguila, Alba Martin-Gil, Carlos Carpena-Torres, Cristina Pastrana, Gonzalo Carracedo
Summary: Circadian rhythm and molecules such as melanopsin and melatonin play crucial roles in regulating eye homeostasis and treating ocular conditions. Research should focus on optimizing treatment effectiveness by considering circadian patterns and exploring new drugs tailored to eye pathologies related to the circadian rhythm, such as melatonin analogs with antioxidant and antiangiogenic properties.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Diego R. Mazzotti, Melissa A. Haendel, Julie A. McMurry, Connor J. Smith, Daniel J. Buysse, Till Roenneberg, Thomas Penzel, Shaun Purcell, Susan Redline, Ying Zhang, Kathleen R. Merikangas, Joseph P. Menetski, Janet Mullington, Eilis Boudreau
Summary: The increasing availability and complexity of sleep and circadian data present both opportunities and challenges for the field. Improving data sharing and interoperability is crucial for advancing clinical research and requires collaboration and innovation between the sleep and informatics communities.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shadab A. Rahman, Brianne A. Kent, Leilah K. Grant, Toni Clark, John P. Hanifin, Laura K. Barger, Charles A. Czeisler, George C. Brainard, Melissa A. St Hilaire, Steven W. Lockley
Summary: Spaceflight exposes crewmembers to circadian misalignment and sleep loss, which impair cognition and increase the risk of errors and accidents. This study compared the effects of an experimental dynamic lighting schedule (DLS) with a standard static lighting schedule (SLS) on circadian phase, self-reported sleep, and cognition during a simulated space mission. The results showed that DLS alleviated the drift in circadian phase and reduced the prevalence of self-reported sleep episodes occurring at an adverse circadian phase, indicating its potential in reducing the risk of sleep disruption in future missions.
JOURNAL OF PINEAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeffrey Hubbard, Mio Kobayashi Frisk, Elisabeth Ruppert, Jessica W. Tsai, Fanny Fuchs, Ludivine Robin-Choteau, Jana Husse, Laurent Calvel, Gregor Eichele, Paul Franken, Patrice Bourgin
Summary: This study revealed that sustained direct light effects (SDLE) play a crucial role in sleep-wake cycle (SWc) regulation, with over 80% of SDLE being mediated through melanopsin and half of them being relayed through the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). This suggests an important ancillary function for the SCN in addition to its role in the circadian system. The findings emphasize the need to consider SDLE, in addition to circadian drive, when dealing with the health consequences of exposure to atypical light in society.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammed E. Choudhury, Kazuya Miyanishi, Haruna Takeda, Junya Tanaka
Summary: Aging leads to a reduction in brain microglial cells, disrupting the circadian rhythmicity of brain tissue, and microglial cells also play a role in sleep homeostasis and response to sleep loss.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Sandra P. Smieszek, Christos M. Polymeropoulos, Gunther Birznieks, Mihael H. Polymeropoulos
Summary: This study identified a link between a mutation in the OPN4 gene and sleep disorders, specifically delayed sleep-wake phase disorder. The findings offer valuable insights into the impact of this gene mutation on sleep regulation.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Si-Ke He, Jia-Hao Wang, Tao Li, Shan Yin, Jian-Wei Cui, Yun-Fei Xiao, Yin Tang, Jia Wang, Yun-Jin Bai
Summary: This article reviews the relationship between circadian rhythm disturbance and kidney stone disease (KSD), summarizing the risk factors and treatment methods. The results indicate that KSD is associated with systemic disorders such as metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and microbiome dysbiosis, and some chronotherapies have been proven effective.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zhen Xuen Brandon Low, Xin Ru Lee, Tomoko Soga, Bey Hing Goh, Deepa Alex, Yatinesh Kumari
Summary: Sleep is a crucial biological process for maintaining homeostasis and key functions in animals. Dysfunctional sleep can lead to negative effects on health and cognition. Cannabinoids have been found to play a role in sleep modulation, with cannabinoid receptors being involved in sleep promotion. The alteration of cannabinoid receptors could potentially be used in treating sleep disorders.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michelle Henry, Kevin Garth Flusk Thomas, Ian Louis Ross
Summary: Sleep is critical for cognitive well-being and disruptions can lead to memory deficits, with cortisol levels potentially playing a role in this relationship. Patients with AD experience disrupted sleep and impaired memory due to consistent cortisol imbalances from glucocorticoid therapy, highlighting the importance of restoring a normal circadian rhythm. Future initiatives should focus on improving cognitive performance and quality of life for AD patients through prioritizing and optimizing sleep.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Renske Lok, Marisol Duran, Jamie M. Zeitzer
Summary: This study examines the effectiveness of flash therapy, a sequence of light flashes applied during sleep, in shifting the circadian clock. The results show that flash therapy can cause significant delays in the circadian timing, up to 6 hours, with minimal impact on sleep. This finding may have practical implications for shift workers and jet travelers.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Chaoran Liu, Xiangrong Tang, Zishan Gong, Wang Zeng, Qiao Hou, Renbin Lu
Summary: Nearly all living organisms have an internal circadian oscillation with a periodicity of approximately 24 hours. Misalignment between circadian rhythms and external environment can lead to circadian rhythm sleep disorders (CRSD), which have been found to be associated with adverse health consequences. Recent studies have made progress in understanding the genetic basis and pathological mechanisms of CRSD, particularly in advanced sleep-wake phase disorder (ASPD) and delayed sleep-wake phase disorder (DSPD).
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Marie Louise Roed Rasmussen, Maria D'Souza, Divan Gabriel Topal, Josefine Gradman, Dorte Ancher Larsen, Bettina Behrmann Lehrmann, Henrik Fomsgaard Kjaer, Line Kessel, Yousif Subhi
Summary: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of allergic sensitization in patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and provided an overview of published studies on this topic. The results showed that the prevalence of allergic sensitization in patients with VKC is 57.7%, with a higher focus on inhaled allergens. The most common positive allergens identified were house dust mites and pollen. These findings can be useful in managing VKC, such as avoiding contact with environmental allergens or pursuing allergy-specific treatment.
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Diana C. Schmidt, Line Kessel, Daniella Bach-Holm, Katharina M. Main, Dorte A. Larsen, Regitze Bangsgaard
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression in infants receiving glucocorticoid eye drops. The results showed that high daily glucocorticoid doses per weight were associated with HPA axis suppression in infants. Monitoring is necessary for infants receiving glucocorticoids after ocular surgery.
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Christopher Maximilian Behrens, Lasse Malmqvist, Morten Jorgensen, Patrick A. Sibony, Inger Christine Munch, Anne Mette Skovgaard, Michael Larsen, Steffen Hamann
Summary: This study examined the prevalence of peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass-like structures (PHOMS) in a population-based child cohort and explored their association with other optic nerve head features and myopia.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Kristian Lisbjerg, Mette Bertelsen, Julie Lyng Forman, Karen Gronskov, Josephine Prener Holtan, Line Kessel
Summary: This study investigated the natural history of PRPF31-related retinitis pigmentosa (RP11) by analyzing data from 46 subjects with RP11. The median age of disease onset was 10 years, with a follow-up period ranging from 0 to 36 years. Visual field area decreased at a rate of 10.0% per year, and legal blindness occurred at a median age of 57 years.
OPHTHALMIC GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Casper Lund-Andersen, Line Kessel, Nanna Jo Ferlov Baselius, Daniella Bach-Holm
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Anders Hvid-Hansen, Per Baekgaard, Nina Jacobsen, Jesper Hjortdal, Flemming Moller, Line Kessel
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the reproducibility of pupil size measurements over time and between reading methods. Pupillary data were analyzed on a subset of myopic children enrolled in a multicenter randomized clinical trial. Results showed higher reproducibility under photopic conditions, indicating the potential relevance of photopic measurements when evaluating side effects of atropine treatment.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Afrouz Ahmadzadeh, Bo Simmendefeldt Schmidt, Daniella Bach-Holm, Line Kessel
Summary: This study compared the effects of different anti-inflammatory treatments (preservative-free dexamethasone eye drops, diclofenac eye drops, or their combination) on early postoperative inflammation after trabeculectomy. The results showed no significant difference in anterior chamber flare measurements between the dexamethasone, diclofenac, and combination treatment groups in the first 3 months after surgery. Therefore, dexamethasone and diclofenac had similar effects in controlling early postoperative inflammation after trabeculectomy.
OPHTHALMOLOGY AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Kristian Lisbjerg, Mette Bertelsen, Karen Gronskov, Line Kessel
Summary: This study describes the clinical phenotype of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) caused by PRPF31-variants and characterizes asymptomatic PRPF31 carriers. The study results showed that RP11 has a typical RP phenotype with varying severity. FST measurements correlated well with other functional and structural metrics and may be a reliable outcome measure in future trials. Asymptomatic carriers showed subclinical disease manifestations, indicating that non-penetrance in PRPF31-related RP is not absolute.
OPHTHALMIC GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nina Milde, Annette Rasmussen, Kamilla Nissen, Line Kessel
Summary: This study aimed to describe the support needs of parents when their infant is diagnosed with visual impairment or blindness. The findings from interviews with eight parents revealed three main themes: recognition and reactions during the time of diagnosis, family and network struggles, and interaction with healthcare professionals. The study highlights the importance of providing hope, addressing the needs of families with limited support networks, and coordinating appointments to allow parents to establish a family relationship with their child.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Catharina Thiel Sandholdt, Alexandra Brandt Ryborg Jonsson, Susanne Reventlow, Daniella Bach-Holm, Kessel Line, Miriam Kolko, Marie Honore Jacobsen, Olivia Hjulsager Mathiesen, Frans Boch Waldorff
Summary: This article introduces the increasing number of people with visual impairment and its impact on quality of life, highlighting the importance of timely access to healthcare. The author plans to develop a primary care intervention with the GP as a key actor in general practice, using a participatory approach and qualitative methods. The study aims to explore the potential and limitations of general practice in detecting preventable vision loss.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Anders Hvid-Hansen, Nina Jacobsen, Flemming Moller, Toke Bek, Brice Ozenne, Line Kessel
Summary: The effect and safety of low-dose atropine in myopia control have been investigated in a European population and the results showed that it is effective and safe, with comparable results to those observed in East Asia, indicating its generalizability across populations with different racial backgrounds.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Oliver Niels Klefter, Jesper Hoiberg Erichsen, Mathias Moller Hansen, Lars Morten Holm, Sveinn Hakon Hardarson, Einar Stefansson, Line Kessel
Summary: This study evaluated a new automated retinal oximetry image quality indicator by using cataract as a clinical model. Image quality was correlated with cataract grades and improved after cataract surgery. Low image quality affected the measurements of retinal oximetry parameters.
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Christopher Voigt Carstensen, Jakob Bjerager, Mohamed Belmouhand, Christina Eckmann-Hansen, Simon P. Rothenbuehler, Sami Dabbah, Christine Dalgard, Poul Laigaard, Michael Larsen
Summary: Retinal artery wall thickness is influenced by age and arterial blood pressure, with the latter being subject to environmental factors rather than genetics. Other factors such as retinal artery outer diameter and ocular axial length also affect the wall-to-lumen ratio. The heritability of WLR is estimated to be 21%, while environmental factors account for the majority of the interindividual variance.
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Troels Brynskov, Daniella Bach-Holm, Per Kappelgaard, Volkert Siersma, Karen Bjerg Pedersen, Line Kessel
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term functional and structural outcomes in patients with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG). The results showed that in Denmark, most patients with bilateral PCG retained good visual acuity in the better seeing eye. Poor visual acuity was associated with poor visual field. A longer diagnostic delay and more surgeries were associated with a poorer prognosis.
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Diana Chabane Schmidt, Christine Dahlgren Bohnsack Kjolholm, Joaquim Torner Jordana, Vibeke Spange, Pernille Duelund Hojstrup, Bo Schack Larsen, Line Kessel
Summary: This study examined the potential of different head-mounted displays in the rehabilitation of individuals with visual impairment. The results showed that these devices can improve distance visual acuity and reading distance, and some devices can also improve near visual function and contrast vision. However, social stigma and device aesthetics limit the use of these devices in public.
CLINICAL OPTOMETRY
(2023)
