Article
Environmental Sciences
Ian Martin, Alwyn Hart
Summary: Antifungals such as ketoconazole and miconazole were detected in biosolids from ten sites in England and one in Wales, indicating that biosolids can be a viable pathway for these drugs to reach soil. The study also found the presence of prescription-only medications itraconazole and posaconazole, raising concerns about the potential for clinical resistance in patients. The levels of itraconazole in biosolids were alarmingly high, surpassing the Predicted No Effect Concentration for resistance selection in soil.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jennifer L. Halleran, Ryker Minch, Hannah J. Slyvester, Megan E. Jacob, Timo Prange, Ronald Baynes, Derek M. Foster
Summary: This study characterized the pharmacokinetics of different dosing regimens of florfenicol and assessed their impact on resistant indicator bacteria. It found high penetration of florfenicol in the gastrointestinal tract and no significant difference in the proportion or persistence of resistant isolates between dosing groups. The recommendation to use lower tier antimicrobials like florfenicol may allow for the persistence of co-resistance to antibiotics of high regulatory concern.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Tesfaye Belachew, Eyuel Mulusew, Yonas Tolosa, Zerihun Asefa, Haileleul Negussie, Teshale Sori
Summary: Salmonella was found at a high prevalence in broilers, their feed, and environment in Bishoftu and Modjo, with most isolates exhibiting resistance to multiple antimicrobials. This poses significant implications for public health and antimicrobial resistance.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Aisha A. Ahmed, Antonius T. Otten, Bahez Gareb, Judith E. Huijmans, Anko C. Eissens, Ateequr Rehman, Gerard Dijkstra, Jos G. W. Kosterink, Henderik W. Frijlink, Reinout C. A. Schellekens
Summary: The development of capsules containing riboflavin, nicotinic acid, and ascorbic acid covered with a pH-sensitive coating (ColoVit) was described to achieve site-specific release in the ileocolon. The capsules met the required specifications and had a lag-time in drug release of 277-283 min, which meets the requirements for ileocolonic release. The production process of the ColoVit formulation was validated and reproducible, and the vitamin blend was stable during the production process and in the finished coated product. ColoVit is intended as an innovative treatment approach for beneficial microbiome modulation and optimization of gut health.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Maria Molinos-Senante, Alexandros Maziotis, Manuel Mocholi-Arce, Ramon Sala-Garrido
Summary: This study provides a quantification of the energy costs and GHG emissions efficiency of English and Welsh water companies, revealing their low efficiency and potential for savings. It identifies environmental variables influencing performance and emphasizes the importance of implementing policies and measures for a low-carbon urban water cycle.
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Stephen M. Kissler, Moriah Mitchell, Yonatan H. Grad
Summary: Gonorrhea is responsible for a significant portion of antibiotic prescriptions in young adults, males, and in the southern and western United States. Implementing a gonococcal vaccine could lead to a substantial decrease in antibiotic prescribing for these populations.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
J. S. P. Tulloch, J. A. Oxley, R. M. Christley, C. Westgarth
Summary: This study aimed to describe the incidence and demographics of fatal dog bites or strikes in England and Wales from 2001 to 2021. A descriptive analysis of mortality data was conducted, and individuals who died from being bitten or struck by a dog were identified. The results showed that dog-related deaths are rare and have not increased during the study period. Further information is needed to develop public health strategies and interventions.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Lorna K. Fraser, Deborah Gibson-Smith, Stuart Jarvis, Paul Norman, Roger C. Parslow
Summary: The prevalence of children with a life-limiting or life-threatening condition in England has been increasing over the past 17 years and is predicted to continue rising, with the highest prevalence in children under 1 year old and those with congenital abnormalities. Future data collections must include the necessary information to assess the complex health and social care needs of these children.
PALLIATIVE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexandre Canet, Meysam Qadrdan, Nick Jenkins, Jianzhong Wu
Summary: This paper describes a method to produce data that quantifies the impacts of residential heat decarbonisation on the energy supply infrastructure in England and Wales. It estimates the annual heat demand for different types of dwellings and quantifies the energy savings and costs of potential energy efficiency measures. The study creates profiles for heat production and energy demand using average daily temperature and trial project data to analyze the impacts of different heating technologies in each area under user-defined decarbonisation pathways.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Mohamed Rhouma, Leila Soufi, Schlasiva Cenatus, Marie Archambault, Patrick Butaye
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance is a global threat to human and animal health, with livestock potentially having a low contribution to the spread of resistance. Strategies targeting the reduction of all antimicrobials and implementation of the 'One Health' approach are recommended to effectively combat antimicrobial resistance.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sara Ibrahim Hemmo, Abdallah Y. Naser, Esra' O. Taybeh
Summary: This study aimed to examine the trend of hospital admission due to hypotension in Australia and in England and Wales between 1999 and 2020. The results showed a significant increase in hypotension hospital admission rates during this period, with orthostatic hypotension being the most common reason for hospitalization. Age was identified as the primary risk factor for hypotension. Future research should focus on identifying modifiable risk factors for hypotension and developing strategies to reduce the burden of orthostatic hypotension.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Abdallah Y. Naser
Summary: This study aimed to determine the hospital admissions profile in England and Wales between 1999 and 2019. The results showed a significant increase in hospital admission rates for all causes, with age and gender being significant factors that influenced the rate of hospital admissions.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Khald Blau, Claudia Gallert
Summary: This study investigated the presence and characteristics of toxin-encoding genes and antimicrobial resistance of C. difficile isolates from different environmental sources. The results showed that C. difficile is widely present in the environment, and the majority of isolates harbor toxin-encoding genes and antimicrobial resistance. This indicates that the environment may be a potential source of community-associated C. difficile infections.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lucy Bryant, Carly Lightowlers
Summary: Research has shown that individuals from lower socioeconomic statuses are more likely to experience alcohol-related violence, particularly in terms of domestic and acquaintance violence. Socioeconomic status may still impact the likelihood of experiencing violence, even when other risk factors are controlled.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Simon J. Russell, Oliver T. Mytton, Russell M. Viner
Summary: This study simulated the changes in the prevalence of childhood obesity among children and young adults in England after receiving different interventions. The results suggest that systematically offering preventive and treatment interventions at a large scale has the potential to contribute meaningfully to reducing the prevalence of childhood obesity.
LANCET PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Megan Bardsley, Sonali Wayal, Paula Blomquist, Hamish Mohammed, Catherine H. Mercer, Gwenda Hughes
Summary: The study found that incident STI diagnoses were significantly higher among black Caribbean participants in sexual health clinics in England, but no unique clinical, attitudinal, or behavioral predictors explaining the disproportionate risk were identified. Intensified STI prevention efforts with tailored public health messaging are needed for this underserved population.
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Alison R. Howarth, John Saunders, David Reid, Isabelle Kelly, Sonali Wayal, Peter Weatherburn, Gwenda Hughes, Catherine H. Mercer
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the sexual behavior of men who have sex with men in the UK was affected, with some individuals having unmet needs for STI/HIV testing and facing inequalities in service access. The findings of this study will support public health planning to mitigate health risks during and after the pandemic response.
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
(2022)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Manik Kohli, David Reid, Caisey Pulford, Alison Howarth, Jack Brown, Hamish Mohammed, Gwenda Hughes, Catherine H. Mercer, John Saunders
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Michelle J. Cole, Michaela Day, Susanne Jacobsson, Andrew J. Amato-Gauci, Gianfranco Spiteri, Magnus Unemo
Summary: Due to increasing resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and treatment failures, a response plan was established in 2012 to control and manage multidrug-resistant strains in Europe. The plan aimed to enhance monitoring of antimicrobial resistance, implement treatment failure monitoring, and establish a communication strategy to increase awareness. However, the plan was updated in 2019 to further strengthen surveillance and clinical management, especially in treatment failure monitoring.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hester Allen, Rachel Merrick, Zdravko Ivanov, Rachel Pitt, Hamish Mohammed, Katy Sinka, Gwenda Hughes, Helen Fifer, Michelle Jayne Cole
Summary: Repeat diagnosis of gonorrhoea in high-risk men who have sex with men (MSM) may be associated with reduced susceptibility to ceftriaxone and cefixime, which are last-line therapies for gonorrhoea. Further research is needed to assess the impact of intensive STI screening on antimicrobial resistance.
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Adriana Coracini Tonacio, Ana Paula Marchi, Maria Luiza Bazzo, Gabriela Takeshigue Lemos, Jose Victor Bortolotto Bampi, Evelyn Patricia Sanchez Espinoza, Edson Luiz Tarsia Duarte, Roberta Cristina Ruedas Martins, Ana Paula Ramalho da Costa-Lourenco, Vitor Falcao de Oliveira, Marina Farrel Cortes, Sania Alves dos Santos, Lauro Vieira Perdigao Neto, Raquel Regina Bonelli, Maria Rita Elmore, Flavia Rossi, Gwenda Hughes, Silvia Figueiredo Costa
Summary: This study presents a rare case of gonococcal arthritis in a patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Whole genome sequencing (WGS) and molecular analysis were performed on the etiologic agent, which was found to be resistant to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline. The isolate had genetic features related to beta-lactam, tetracycline, and quinolone resistance, and 71 virulence genes were identified.
MICROBES AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jack R. G. Brown, David Reid, Alison R. Howarth, Hamish Mohammed, John Saunders, Caisey Pulford, Gwenda Hughes, Catherine H. Mercer
Summary: This study examined the impact of COVID-19-related restrictions on sexual behaviors, STI and HIV testing, and testing need among MSM in the UK. The results showed that there was a considerable unmet STI/HIV testing need among MSM during the restrictions, especially among bisexually-identifying men and those reporting low life satisfaction. Improving access to STI/HIV testing is crucial in preventing further inequalities.
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Holly D. Mitchell, Gary Whitlock, Jey Zdravkov, Jenny Olsson, Panida Silalang, Megan Bardsley, Paula B. Blomquist, Claire Jenkins, Nicholas R. Thomson, Nigel Field, Gwenda Hughes
Summary: Through an epidemiological investigation of bacterial enteric pathogens (BEPs) in men who have sex with men (MSM), it was found that 9.8% of individuals carried BEPs, and most of them were asymptomatic. Carriage of BEPs was associated with a history of bacterial sexually transmitted infections, a higher number of sexual partners, and current use of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among HIV-negative MSM.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Dana Ogaz, Hester Allen, David Reid, Jack R. G. Brown, Alison R. Howarth, Caisey V. Pulford, Catherine H. Mercer, John Saunders, Gwenda Hughes, Hamish Mohammed
Summary: Men and gender-diverse people who have sex with men in the UK are disproportionately affected by COVID-19 and have lower vaccination rates among younger age-groups, gender minorities, and those with poorer well-being.
Editorial Material
Infectious Diseases
Melvina Woode Owusu, Mar Estupinan Fdez. de Mesa, Hamish Mohammed, Makeda Gerressu, Gwenda Hughes, Catherine H. Mercer
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jack R. G. Brown, David Reid, Alison R. Howarth, Hamish Mohammed, John Saunders, Caisey Pulford, Dana Ogaz, Gwenda Hughes, Catherine H. Mercer
Summary: This study examined sexual behavior, sexually transmitted infection (STI) and HIV testing and testing need among GBMSM in the UK after COVID-19 restrictions ended, comparing the results with pre-pandemic estimates. The study found that older GBMSM had higher unmet STI and HIV testing need, while PrEP users had lower unmet testing need. Although reported recent STI testing increased in 2021, there was no significant change in unmet testing need.
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Infectious Diseases
Jack Brown, David Reid, Alison Howarth, Hamish Mohammed, John Saunders, Caisey Pulford, Dana Ogaz, Gwenda Hughes, Catherine Mercer
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Infectious Diseases
Dana Ogaz, Hester Allen, David Reid, Jack Brown, Hamish Mohammed, John Saunders, Gwenda Hughes, Catherine Mercer
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Infectious Diseases
Dana Ogaz, Hester Allen, David Reid, Jack Brown, Hamish Mohammed, John Saunders, Gwenda Hughes, Catherine Mercer
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Holly D. Mitchell, Tatiana Garcia Vilaplana, Sema Mandal, Natasha Ratna, Megan Glancy, Ammi Shah, Ruth Simmons, Celia Penman, Freja Kirsebom, Annastella Costella, Alison E. Brown, Hamish Mohammed, Valerie Delpech, Katy Sinka, Gwenda Hughes
Summary: Since the start of the coronavirus pandemic response in March 2020, there has been a decline in tests, vaccinations, diagnoses, and treatment initiations for sexual health, HIV, and viral hepatitis in England. The rapid shift towards online and outreach services during 2020 highlights the importance of evaluating the impact of these strategies on health inequalities.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)