Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chaekyun Kim
Summary: Bone homeostasis is regulated by the balanced actions of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which differentiate from different progenitor cells. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including ERKs, play a crucial role in the differentiation and function of osteoclasts. However, the role of ERKs in osteoclast differentiation is still controversial.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Martin Montecino, Margarita E. Carrasco, Gino Nardocci
Summary: Genomic DNA in the eukaryotic nucleus is organized into chromatin through stable interactions with histone proteins and other nuclear components, contributing to differential control of access to key genetic information. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation and chromatin remodeling, play critical roles in regulating gene expression by modifying chromatin compaction levels for transcription activation and repression. The review discusses evidence supporting the role of these mechanisms in the transcriptional control of osteoblast-related genes, particularly at the Runx2 and Sp7 genes, which encode master regulators of osteogenic lineage.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Hyeran Helen Jeon, Chia-Ying Yang, Min Kyung Shin, Jingyi Wang, Juhin Hiren Patel, Chun-Hsi Chung, Dana T. Graves
Summary: The study found that activation of NF-kappa B in osteoblast lineage cells and periodontal ligament fibroblasts plays a crucial role in alveolar bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement.
ANGLE ORTHODONTIST
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Noreen Mumtaz, Amel Dudakovic, Asha Nair, Marijke Koedam, Johannes P. T. M. van Leeuwen, Marion P. G. Koopmans, Barry Rockx, Andre J. J. van Wijnen, Bram C. J. van der Eerden
Summary: Arboviruses like Zika virus affect bone development by targeting osteoblasts and altering bone remodeling. In this study, the researchers investigated the effects of Zika virus infection on mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) at different stages of osteogenesis. They found that late-stage infected MSCs showed elevated osteogenic markers, calcium content, and altered gene expression compared to early-stage infected MSCs.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Ludovica Parisi, Federico Rivara, Camila A. Costa, Rodriguo P. F. Abuna, Daniela B. Palioto, Guido M. Macaluso
Summary: The study introduces aptamers to control biomaterial surface bioactivity, promoting platelet activation in vitro and bone regeneration in vivo, showing a potential for enhancing periodontal regenerative therapies.
BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Teresa Thim, Konstantin Johannes Scholz, Karl-Anton Hiller, Wolfgang Buchalla, Christian Kirschneck, Jonathan Fleiner, Johan Peter Woelber, Fabian Cieplik
Summary: This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the association between periodontal diseases and patient-specific risk factors, particularly LDL-C and 25OHD levels. The analysis of data from 163 patients found that higher RBL was significantly associated with male gender, older age, smoking, higher DMFT score, fewer teeth, and higher LDL-C levels, while higher 25OHD levels were associated with less RBL.
Review
Immunology
Mi Zhou, Dana T. Graves
Summary: Periodontitis is caused by an immune response to bacterial dysbiosis, leading to bone resorption and limited bone repair processes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xia Li, Ruisheng Xu, Jun-Xing Ye, Feng-Lai Yuan
Summary: Oral bisphosphonates (BPs) are commonly used for the treatment of osteoporosis. This study found that long-term BP treatment can modulate the expression of specific microRNAs (miRNAs), specifically miR-30a-5p, which is negatively correlated with bone formation. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that miR-30a-5p inhibits osteoblastic differentiation and bone formation. This research provides important insights into the regulatory mechanisms of long-term BP treatment in postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kriti Sharma, Shiv Kumar, Ravi Prakash, Sonu Khanka, Tripti Mishra, Rajat Rathur, Arpon Biswas, Sarvesh Kumar Verma, R. S. Bhatta, T. Narender, Divya Singh
Summary: Chebulinic acid (CA), derived from Triphala, has been found to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tumor effects. In an inflammatory bone loss condition, CA can prevent bone loss, improve bone micro-architectures, enhance bone regeneration, and maintain bone serum markers. CA also reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and attenuates inflammatory impairment to osteoblast cells through the suppression of the NFkB signaling pathway. These findings suggest that CA may be a potential novel therapeutic strategy for inflammatory diseases in bones.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xin Zhou, Zheng Zhang, Weiwei Jiang, Miao Hu, Yichen Meng, Wenfang Li, Xuhui Zhou, Ce Wang
Summary: Naringenin, found in citrus fruits, plays a significant role in bone homeostasis and regeneration by enhancing osteogenesis and inhibiting osteoclastogenesis. It modulates the crosstalk between macrophages and osteoblasts/osteoclasts, leading to these effects.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Xudong Xie, Liangcong Hu, Bobin Mi, Adriana C. Panayi, Hang Xue, Yiqiang Hu, Guodong Liu, Lang Chen, Chenchen Yan, Kangkang Zha, Ze Lin, Wu Zhou, Fei Gao, Guohui Liu
Summary: With the increasing global aging population, the prevalence of osteoporosis, especially among postmenopausal women, is on the rise. Developing new treatment options is, therefore, crucial. This study investigated the potential use of AQX-1125, an activator of inositol phosphatase-1 (SHIP1), and found that it demonstrated a protective effect against bone loss in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. This effect was attributed to the promotion of osteogenesis and mineralization and inhibition of osteoclastogenesis in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The protective effect was identified to be SHIP1-dependent, as the inhibition of SHIP1 using RNA interference diminished the osteoprotective effects. Furthermore, in vivo administration of SHIP1 RNA interference resulted in significant bone loss and decreased bone mass. Mechanistically, AQX-1125 upregulated the expression and activity of SHIP1, consequently upregulating the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt, leading to the promotion of osteoblast-related gene expressions and the inhibition of NF-kappa B signaling and osteoclastogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Julieta Sarai Becerra-Ruiz, Celia Guerrero-Velazquez, Fernando Martinez-Esquivias, Luz Andrea Martinez-Perez, Juan Manuel Guzman-Flores
Summary: Periodontal disease, characterized by inflammation of tooth-supporting tissues, has a multifactorial etiology. Host immune response is crucial in defending against microorganisms, but bacterial persistence and immune system dysregulation can worsen the disease. Understanding cellular mechanisms involved in periodontal disease development is essential for designing new treatments and preventive measures to reduce its global prevalence.
Article
Biology
Tsz Long Chu, Peikai Chen, Anna Xiaodan Yu, Mingpeng Kong, Zhijia Tan, Kwok Yeung Tsang, Zhongjun Zhou, Kathryn Song Eng Cheah
Summary: This study reveals that MMP14 plays a crucial role in the regulation of PTH signaling, thus contributing to bone homeostasis. During the development of osteoblasts from HC-descendent cells, MMP14 and the PTH pathway are activated. MMP14 cleaves PTH1R to dampen PTH signaling, thereby regulating bone synthesis.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Shaima Al-Harthi, Giovanni Barbagallo, Alessandro Psaila, Umberto d'Urso, Luigi Nibali
Summary: This study highlights the importance of oral hygiene habits, initial bone loss, caries, and endodontic disease in predicting tooth survival in a primary care setting. Patients who did not receive professional mechanical plaque removal had a slightly higher rate of tooth loss compared to those who did.
JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Annika Doeding, Svenja Zimmermann, Ahmed Maghames, Michael Reimann, Judit Symmank, Maria Thuermer, Markus H. Graler, Michael Wolf, Collin Jacobs, Andreas Koeberle, Bernd Sigusch, Ulrike Schulze-Spate
Summary: This study investigates the effects of different dietary fatty acids on bone microarchitecture and inflammation in a mouse model of periodontal disease. The results suggest that an olive oil-based Mediterranean-style diet can mitigate the negative effects of saturated fatty acids on bone and promote bone tissue resilience after oral bacterial infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)