Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Bartlomiej Guzowski, Mateusz Lakomski
Summary: This paper presents the fabrication and characterization of a temperature sensor based on periodically tapered optical fibers (PTOF). The study investigates the relation between the geometry of the sensors and sensing ability, emphasizing the importance of the number of tapered regions in PTOF for temperature response. Results show that sensors with a low number of tapered regions cannot be considered effective for temperature sensing, while sensors with more tapered regions demonstrate excellent sensitivity and linear fitting.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yiwei Ma, Min Zhao, Jing Sun, Chunbo Su, Xiaoyang Li, Yang Yi, Senyu Wang, Tao Geng, Weimin Sun, Libo Yuan
Summary: The proposed all-fiber strain sensor based on dual side V-grooved long-period fiber grating (DSV-LPFG) demonstrates high sensitivity, simple structure, and good performance in strain and temperature sensitivity.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Paulo Robalinho, Andre Gomes, Orlando Frazao
Summary: In this work, a significant enhancement of strain sensitivities is achieved through the push-pull deformation method in interferometry. By applying strain in a push-pull configuration between two cascaded interferometers, a colossal enhancement of sensitivity in the envelope signal is induced, reaching up to 10000 pm/με strain sensitivities.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Timothy Lee, Martynas Beresna, Ali Masoudi, Gilberto Brambilla
Summary: Most distributed optical fiber sensors use commercially available telecom fibers, but efforts have been made to develop optimized fibers for improved signal-to-noise ratio and extended distance of operation. This tutorial reviews the development of enhanced backscattering fibers and enhanced backreflection fibers by the scientific community, focusing on distributed optical fiber sensors.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hasan Sarker, Farzana Alam, Mahfizur Rahman Khan, Md Aslam Mollah, Md Lincon Hasan, A. B. M. Saiduzzaman Rafi
Summary: This paper presents an exposed core PCF biosensor based on surface plasmon resonance phenomena. The proposed sensor demonstrates high sensitivity, resolution, and signal-to-noise ratio, making it effective for detecting various biological and chemical substances.
OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS
(2022)
Review
Optics
Ignazio Floris, Jose M. Adam, Pedro A. Calderon, Salvador Sales
Summary: Fiber Optic Shape Sensing technology utilizes fiber optic cables to track the 3D shape and position of dynamic objects in real-time, offering advantages such as ease of installation, intrinsic safety, compactness, and resistance to harsh environments. This technology has a wide range of applications in various fields and has the potential to bring significant improvements to Civil, Mechanical, Aerospace Engineering, Biomedicine, and Medicine.
OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xiaofei Li, Lili Zhang, Tao Geng, Yingjie Qiao
Summary: This article proposes and experimentally tests innovative C-shaped-core long-period fiber gratings (C-LPFGs) with two resonant peaks. The microstructure of the fiber is achieved through CO2-laser polishing and oxyhydrogen-flame heating. The bending sensitivity of the proposed structure achieves good results and has potential applications in dual-parameter measurement.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Abdul Ghaffar, Qi Li, Mujahid Mehdi, Sadam Hussain, Yu-Meng Jia, Chikezie Chimere Onyekwena, Qifeng Xie, Nafees Ali
Summary: This article introduces a fiber sensor for measuring force in polymer optical fiber (POF) that utilizes a twisting structure. The sensor relies on the cladding mode frustrated total internal reflection (CMFTIR) for sensing. By observing the change in coupled intensity, force measurement is obtained from the second fiber. Experimental results show that the sensor has higher sensitivity in the twisted with-bend structure.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Liangtao Hou, Yan Li, Libin Sun, Chao Liu, Yichao Zheng, Yi Liu, Shiliang Qu
Summary: A high-fidelity optical fiber microphone with hybrid frequency and fast response has been demonstrated through nanofabrication techniques. It shows high sensitivity, flat frequency response, and a wide measurement range, making it suitable for real-time communication and other applications.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Yiwei Ma, Min Zhao, Chunbo Su, Jing Sun, Xiaofei Li, Ze Yu, LiLi Zhang, Tao Geng
Summary: This paper experimentally proposes and theoretically investigates a two-dimensional vector curvature sensor based on asymmetrically polished long period fiber grating (AP-LPFG). The sensor, fabricated using a high-frequency CO2 laser, enhances the bending sensitivity by polishing periodic asymmetrical V-shaped grooves on a single mode fiber (SMF). The experimental results demonstrate high sensitivity and temperature response, suggesting the potential of this sensor in curvature sensing applications.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yiling Liu, Yanqiong Wang, Xi Yang, Chao-Yang Gong, Yuan Gong
Summary: This review article summarizes the recent advances in optofluidic lasers (OFLs) and their applications in biochemical analysis. OFLs achieve high performance in bio-chemical sensing due to the strong light-matter interaction in the laser cavity. The physical mechanisms, structure, and materials used in OFLs to achieve high sensitivity, disposability, fast response, and high throughput are discussed, as well as the inter-relationship between these performance indicators. The effects of new materials and a comparison with other optical biochemical sensors are also presented, along with the prospects of OFLs.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Yu Wang, Yaxi Yan, Zhengang Lian, Daru Chen, Alan Pak Tao Lau, Chao Lu
Summary: In this paper, a highly sensitive relative humidity sensor based on Fabry-Perot interferometers is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. The sensor combines a hollow core Bragg fiber with single mode fiber and is functionalized with chitosan and ultraviolet optical adhesive to enhance the humidity sensitivity. The sensor shows a high sensitivity and multiplexing capability, making it a promising candidate for RH monitoring.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Cristiano Pendao, Ivo Silva
Summary: Optical fiber sensors have several advantages over other types of sensors due to their small size, lightweight, resistance to high temperatures and pressure, and electromagnetic passivity. They utilize the properties of light to measure parameters such as temperature, strain, or angular velocity. Optical fiber sensors find applications in various fields, including periodic monitoring, hazardous environments, structural and engine monitoring, clothing applications, and health monitoring and assistance.
Article
Optics
Xian Dong, You-Hang Xie, Jia-Le Ou, Chuang Wu, Jie Li, Bai-Ou Guan
Summary: A Bragg grating is successfully formed in a strongly coupled seven-core fiber. Two separate Bragg resonance notches are observed in the transmission spectrum, corresponding to backward coupling of two supermodes of the fiber. The mode coupling mechanism is investigated both theoretically and experimentally, and the results agree well. The device shows potential for simultaneous measurement of temperature and curvature.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Chen Zhu, Yiyang Zhuang
Summary: This article introduces a new concept of microwave photonic fiber ring resonator and measures the complex transmission spectra in the microwave domain. It demonstrates that the resonator can be used as an optical fiber sensor for macro-bending and fiber length change sensing.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Paulo Robalinho, Orlando Frazao
Summary: The new optical fiber structure presented in the letter is capable of measuring nano-displacement with high sensitivity and multifunctionality.
IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Daniela Silva, Catarina S. Monteiro, Susana O. Silva, Orlando Frazao, Joana Pinto, Maria Raposo, Paulo A. Ribeiro, Susana Serio
Summary: Thin films of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and titanium (Ti) were deposited on glass and optical fiber supports via DC magnetron sputtering. The transmission characteristics were characterized for their use in optical fiber-based sensors. Optimization of deposition parameters resulted in high reflective films, with lower working pressure and higher applied power leading to higher reflectance. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the deposition of Ti and TiO2 films. Deposition of the most promising films on single mode fibers enhanced visibility of low-finesse Fabry-Perot cavities, and potential sensing applications were studied.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Antonio V. Rodrigues, Joao Reis, Antonio Jose M. Martins, Catarina S. Monteiro, Susana O. Silva, Cristina M. R. Caridade, Sergio O. Tavares, Orlando Frazao
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between strain sensitivity and cavity length in conventional Fabry-Perot (F-P) sensors. By manufacturing sensors with different lengths and measuring the cavities and acquiring reflected spectra, the study finds that small length variations in short cavities heavily affect strain sensitivity.
MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Victor H. R. Cardoso, Paulo Caldas, Maria Thereza R. Giraldi, Cindy Stella Fernandes, Orlando Frazao, Joao C. W. Albuquerque Costa, Jose Luis Santos
Summary: This paper proposes a sensor based on a core diameter mismatch technique for measuring diameter changes in cylindrical structures. Through experimental validation, the sensor demonstrates good sensitivity, reasonable dynamic range, and easy setup reproducibility. Therefore, the sensor could be used for measuring diameter variations.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Oleg Ivanov, Paulo Caldas, Gaspar Rego
Summary: In this paper, the evolution of dispersion curves of long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) at different temperatures was investigated. It was found that the dispersion curves of the lowest-order cladding modes were most affected by temperature changes, but the effects were negligible when considering cladding modes with dispersion turning points (DTP) in the telecommunication windows. The temperature sensitivity was higher for LPFGs in the B/Ge co-doped fibers near DTP, and the optimum grating period could be chosen at room temperature.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Victor H. R. Cardoso, Paulo Caldas, Maria Thereza R. Giraldi, Orlando Frazao, Joao C. W. Albuquerque Costa, Jose Luis Santos
Summary: An optical strain gauge based on a balloon-like interferometer structure formed by a bent standard single-mode fiber combined with a 3D printer piece has been proposed and demonstrated. The gauge offers a simple and compact design, easy fabrication, low cost, and repeatability, making it a good option for applications where structure displacement needs to be examined.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
P. Robalinho, M. Melo, O. Frazao, A. B. Lobo Ribeiro
Summary: The fiber optic current sensor demonstrated in this study utilizes the intrinsic temperature and wavelength dependence of the Verdet constant of a terbium gallium garnet (TGG) magneto-optic material and two micro-optic linear polarizers to simultaneously measure temperature and optical Faraday rotation, without requiring additional optical components.
IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Rosa Ana Perez-Herrera, Liliana Soares, Susana Silva, Orlando Frazao
Summary: In this study, an erbium-doped fiber ring cavity-based interrogation system for refractive index measurements is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The system utilizes an FBG as a reflector to increase the optical power and includes two output ports for refractive index measurement.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Paulo Robalinho, Beatriz Soares, Antonio Lobo, Susana Silva, Orlando Frazao
Summary: This paper presents a different Fiber Loop Mirror (FLM) configuration with two circulators, and demonstrates its use for strain and torsion discrimination. The configuration achieves high sensitivity in strain measurement and torsion characterization. It allows for control of the free spectral range (FSR) and achieving refractive index differences higher than 10(-2), making it essential for high sensitivity physical parameter sensors.
Article
Optics
Beatriz Soares, Paulo Robalinho, Ariel Guerreiro, Orlando Frazao
Summary: This paper investigates the implementation of a secure key distribution system using an ultra-long fiber laser and a bi-directional erbium-doped fiber amplifier. The system's resilience to passive attacks from eavesdroppers is tested, and it is observed that the spectra of both secure system configurations are similar with no indication for eavesdroppers to determine the secure state during state transitions.
Article
Optics
Liliana Soares, Rosa Ana Perez-Herrera, Susana Novais, Antonio Ferreira, Susana Silva, Orlando Frazao
Summary: Process Analytical Technology (PAT) is increasingly used in the pharmaceutical industry to monitor essential parameters in real-time. This study presents and demonstrates a refractometric sensor, based on an Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring Cavity (EDFRC) interrogation system. The sensor detected variations of paracetamol concentration with high sensitivity and resolution, showcasing its potential as a non-invasive PAT tool.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Beatriz Soares, Susana Silva, Paulo Ribeiro, Orlando Frazao
Summary: In this study, a new configuration based on a 3x3 coupler and two fiber loop mirrors in series is demonstrated. This compact configuration allows for exploration of the Vernier effect. Experimental results show a sensitivity of 74.9 +/- 0.2 pm/ mu epsilon for the Vernier envelope and 6.41 +/- 0.01 pm/mu epsilon for the Vernier carrier. A magnification factor of 5.2 for the Vernier envelope is obtained compared to using only one fiber loop mirror interferometer. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show good agreement with the experimental data.
IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Liliana Soares, Cristina Cunha, Susana Novais, Antonio Ferreira, Orlando Frazao, Susana Silva
Summary: This letter proposes a multimode graded-index fiber tip sensor for measuring ethanol in ethanol-water mixtures, which can accurately measure variations in ethanol content at different temperatures.
IEEE SENSORS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mengmeng Guo, Na Luo, Yueling Bai, Zhenggang Xue, Qingmin Hu, Jiaqiang Xu
Summary: A porous heterostructure WO3-C/In2O3 was designed and prepared for a miniature H2 sensor, which showed higher response value, lower operating temperature, fast response-recovery speed, and low limit of detection.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Feng Hu, Hui Hu, Yuting Li, Xiaohui Wang, Xiaowen Shi
Summary: Arsenic contamination in water bodies is a significant health risk. This study developed a chitosan-catechol modified electrode for rapid and accurate detection of trace amounts of arsenic. The modified electrode demonstrated good detection capability and resistance to ionic interference, making it suitable for in situ detection.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yantao Zhang, Qian Liu, Tao Tian, Chunhua Xu, Pengli Yang, Lianju Ma, Yi Hou, Hui Zhou, Yongjun Gan
Summary: In this study, a lysosome-targeting buffering fluorogenic probe (Lyso-BFP) was designed and synthesized, demonstrating excellent photostability, pH specificity, and responsiveness to lysosomal acidification in living cells. The performance of Lyso-BFP in pH sensing was attributed to the inhibition of the photo-induced electron transfer process. Lyso-BFP allowed for wash-free imaging and long-term real-time monitoring of lysosome pH changes based on its off-on fluorescence behavior and buffer strategy.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Wei Cai, Wenbo Sun, Jiayue Wang, Xiaokui Huo, Xudong Cao, Xiangge Tian, Xiaochi Ma, Lei Feng
Summary: In this study, a near-infrared fluorescent probe HCBG was developed for imaging of alpha-GLC. HCBG exhibited excellent selectivity and sensitivity towards alpha-GLC in complex bio-samples, and showed good cell permeability for in situ real-time imaging. Through the high-throughput screening system established by HCBG, a natural alpha-GLC inhibitor was successfully isolated and identified. This study provides a novel fluorescence visualization tool for discovering and exploring the biological functions of diabetes-related gut microbiota, and a high-throughput screening approach for alpha-GLC inhibitor.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Trey W. Pittman, Xi Zhang, Chamindie Punyadeera, Charles S. Henry
Summary: Heart failure is a growing epidemic and a significant clinical and public health problem. Researchers have developed a portable and affordable diagnostic device for heart failure that can be used at the point-of-care, providing a valid alternative to current diagnostics approaches.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Anders O. Tjell, Barbara Jud, Roland Schaller-Ammann, Torsten Mayr
Summary: An optical hydrogen peroxide sensor based on catalytic degradation and the detection of produced oxygen is presented. The sensor offers higher resolution and better sensitivity at lower H2O2 concentrations. By removing O2 from the sample solution, a more sensitive O2 sensor can be used for measurement. The sensor has been successfully applied in a flow-through cell to measure H2O2 concentration in different flow rates.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Seong Jae Kim, Ji-hun Jeong, Gaabhin Ryu, Yoon Sick Eom, Sanha Kim
Summary: Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a high-sensitivity, label-free detection method with various analytical applications. Researchers have developed a hydrophobic SERS substrate based on engineered carbon nanotube arrays (CNT-SERS) and studied the role of structural design at both micro and nanoscales. The substrate demonstrated controlled self-enrichment capability and enhanced sensitivity, with a significant increase in the SERS signal. The study also proposed a theoretical model and a concentration strategy inspired by plants for analyte deposition on microarrays.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Dan Zhao, Renjun Jiang, Xiaoqiang Liu, Subbiah Alwarappan
Summary: In this study, a novel ternary composite material was constructed by assembling cerium vanadate nanorods on reduced graphene oxide-microcrystalline cellulose nanosheets, and it was used for real-time monitoring of the concentration of superoxide anions in vivo. The ternary composite showed excellent conductivity, large surface area, and abundant active sites, leading to a wider linear range, high sensitivity, low detection limit, and fast response time for superoxide anion detection.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Tengfei Wang, Liwen Wang, Guang Wu, Dating Tian
Summary: In this study, a covalent organic framework material TaTp-COF with porous and uniform spheres was successfully prepared via hydrothermal reaction, and it was found to significantly enhance the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) of berberine. The unique emission properties of berberine on TaTp-COF were studied and utilized for the sensitive detection of berberine.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Lin Li, Yilei Ding, Lei Xu, Shuoran Chen, Guoliang Dai, Pengju Han, Lixin Lu, Changqing Ye, Yanlin Song
Summary: In this study, a novel TTI based on a ratiometric fluorescent nanosensor is designed, which has the advantages of high accuracy and low cost. Experimental and theoretical investigations confirm its pH responsiveness and demonstrate its good sensitivity and reliability. By monitoring the total volatile basic nitrogen, this TTI can accurately predict food spoilage and can be adaptively modified for different types of food. The TTI based on this nanosensor enables visual monitoring of food quality.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Fangju Chen, Xueting Wang, Wei Chen, Chenwen Shao, Yong Qian
Summary: Lung cancer is the second most common malignant tumor worldwide. Drug resistance in lung cancer leads to treatment failure and recurrence in majority of patients. This study developed a fluorescent prodrug that can be activated in cancer cells to release drugs, and its signal can be tracked by imaging. It shows a unique autophagy-driven ferroptosis effect, indicating its potential for targeting drug-resistant cancer cells.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Weichao Li, Qiming Yuan, Zhangcheng Xia, Xiaoxue Ma, Lifang He, Ling Jin, Xiangfeng Chu, Kui Zhang
Summary: This study developed a high-performance gas sensor for formaldehyde detection by modifying ZnSnO3 with ZnO QDs and SnO2 QDs. The modified sensor showed improved sensing response and lower working temperature. The presence of ZnO QDs formed rich heterojunctions, increased surface area, and provided oxygen deficiency for formaldehyde sensing reaction, thus enhancing the sensor performance. This research provides an alternative method to enhance the sensing properties of MOS by QDs modification.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Joung-Il Moon, Eun Jung Choi, Younju Joung, Jin-Woo Oh, Sang-Woo Joo, Jaebum Choo
Summary: A novel nanoplasmonic substrate was developed for biomedical applications, which showed strong hot spots for detecting biomarkers at low concentrations. The substrate, called AuNPs@M13, was made by immobilizing 60 nm gold nanoparticles onto the surface of an M13 bacteriophage scaffold. It demonstrated higher sensitivity and lower limit of detection compared to commercially available assays.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ning Li, Ya Zhang, Ying Xu, Xiaofang Liu, Jian Chen, Mei Yang, Changjun Hou, Danqun Huo
Summary: The molecular subtype of breast cancer guides treatment and drug selection. Invasive tests can promote cancer cell metastasis, so the development of high-performance, low-cost diagnostic tools for cancer prognosis is crucial. Liquid biopsy techniques enable noninvasive, real-time, dynamic, multicomponent, quantitative, and long-term observations at the cellular, genetic, and molecular levels. A Cu-Zr metal-organic framework (MOF) nanoenzyme with monatomic Cu attachment has been synthesized and proven to have high catalytic performance. The sensor constructed using this nanoenzyme shows potential for accurate classification of breast cancer serum samples.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jeongmin Kim, Hyemin Kim, Seunghyun Park, Hyeonaug Hong, Yong Jae Kim, Jiyong Lee, Jaeho Kim, Seung-Woo Cho, Wonhyoung Ryu
Summary: This study presents a method to fabricate independently functioning microneedle (MN) electrodes with narrow intervals for high precision electrochemical sensing. The optimized mixture of photocurable polymer and single-wall carbon nanotubes was used to mold single composite MNs, which were then attached to pre-patterned electrodes. Plasma etching and electropolymerization were performed to enhance the electrochemical activity, and Prussian blue and glucose oxidase were electrodeposited on the MNs for glucose detection. The MN electrodes showed good sensitivity and linearity, and the feasibility of glucose detection was demonstrated in an in vivo mouse study.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
