Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Van-Dong Doan, Jen-Tzong Jeng, Huu-Thang Nguyen, Chinh-Hieu Dinh, Duy-Vinh Dao, Thi-Trang Pham
Summary: In this work, a rapid M-H measurement system using a giant magnetoresistance sensor is proposed to improve the accuracy of measuring the magnetization curve for soft magnetic materials by eliminating the influence of the environmental static field.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Akira Kikitsu, Yoshihiro Higashi, Yoshinari Kurosaki, Satoshi Shirotori, Takehiro Nagatsuka, Kazuhiro Suzuki, Yuji Terui
Summary: A new high-sensitivity giant magneto-resistance (GMR) sensor system was developed and applied to a magnetic field microscope. Compared with the magneto-impedance (MI) sensor, the GMR sensor system showed better spatial resolution but the same sensing limit. By differential detection, the GMR sensor could reduce ambient magnetic field noise.
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Umesh P. Borole, Harish C. Barshilia, C. M. Ananda, P. Chowdhury
Summary: The article discusses the development and optimization of an open-loop current sensor using indigenous multilayered giant magnetoresistance (GMR-ML) technology. The sensor measures the magnetic field produced by the current flowing through a conductor using a GMR chip biased with a permanent magnet. Experimental results show a sensitivity of 0.165 mV/V/A, temperature dependence of -0.28%/.C, and bandwidth of 100 kHz. The compensated prototype sensor exhibits a sensitivity of 80 +/- 0.5 mV/A, temperature dependence of 0.005%/.C, and a total output error of less than 1% over the operating temperature range.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Bhagaban Behera, Umesh P. Borole, Tejaswini C. Gawade, Jakeer Khan, Harish C. Barshilia, P. Chowdhury
Summary: This article presents an innovative Hydrostatic Level Sensor (HLS) that can measure water height and other liquid heights. The sensor uses a magnetic sensor based on giant magnetoresistance (GMR) technology to measure hydrostatic pressure. It has a stainless steel (SS) diaphragm and a permanent magnet that deflects under hydrostatic pressure, causing a change in magnetic field gradient at the GMR sensor. The sensor showed excellent resolution, nonlinearity, and reproducibility, making it a cost-effective alternative to existing sensors.
Article
Physics, Condensed Matter
Carl S. Schneider, Stephen D. Gedney, Mark A. Travers, Joseph J. Gedney, Kyle E. Redmond
Summary: The exponential model of ferromagnetic susceptibility for steel has been extended to include ferromagnetic viscosity. Viscous susceptibility and viscous field advance were derived using the definition of ferromagnetic viscosity. Experimental measurements on a pipe and a disk showed that this model provides an accurate description of ferromagnetic hysteresis.
PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Bing Sun, Xinjiang Wang, Xiaobo Ma, Zhongyuan Sun, Zhiqiang Wang, Zuxing Zhang, Kaiming Zhou
Summary: Magnetic-based polydimethylsiloxane microspheres (MPMs) are fabricated by incorporating uniformly sized Mn3O4 nanocrystals into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix. The MPMs act as optical resonators and can measure the magnetic field by detecting the shift in the resonant wavelength. The sensitivity and measurement range of the MPMs have been optimized, achieving high sensitivity and a wide measurement range. Additionally, the MPMs exhibit excellent long-term stability.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dongsheng Cai, Xingyu Zhou, Arsalan Habib Khawaja, Olusola Bamisile, Jian Li, Weihao Hu, Qi Huang
Summary: This article presents a method for optimizing magnetic sensor arrays using a differential evolution algorithm in tunnel power transmission to monitor real-time operational status. The technique involves current reconstruction based on noncontact magnetic measurements and evaluation of current measurement errors using a novel condition number-based approach. The proposed method reduces the root-mean-square error (RMSE) of reconstructed current from 8.867% to 1.267% for vertical line configuration in the presence of magnetic noise. Compared to other optimization methods, the proposed technique yields accurate and reliable results.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Hongliang Hua, Zhenqiang Liao, Jie Song, Yuhang Liu
Summary: The primary motivation of this paper is to present an accurate and rapid calibration method for sensor nonlinearity calibration. The proposed Sparse Piecewise Calibration Method (SPCM) has been shown to have the fastest execution speed and significant reduction in computing cost compared to existing methods.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Florian Zapf, Roland Weiss, Robert Weigel
Summary: Contactless current sensors using magnetic field sensor arrays are a viable alternative to core-based sensors, with circular arrays showing good robustness and elliptical arrays offering space-saving advantages. This article investigates crosstalk errors in elliptical sensor arrays under different parameters and proposes optimal designs to reduce interference errors. The results show that elliptical designs can effectively reduce crosstalk errors compared to circular designs with equivalent specifications.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Tapabrata Sen, Anoop Chandrika Sreekantan, Siddhartha Sen
Summary: Giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors are popular for measuring low magnetic fields due to their low-cost, easy-to-use, and high-sensitivity design. However, these sensors have limitations such as omnipolar behavior, non-linearity, and hysteresis. This paper proposes a digitizing interface based on magnetic feedback-based Delta-Sigma modulation to overcome these limitations. The interface operates the sensor at a quiescent magnetic field and provides a linear direct-digital output, allowing measurement of bipolar fields. The methodology, analysis, and performance verification of the interface are presented, along with experimental results showing reduced non-linearity and hysteresis.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Sobhan Mohammadi Fathabad, Farzad Shahri
Summary: A computer controlled automated system was designed to evaluate magnetic properties of thin soft magnetic materials, utilizing magnetic measurements and LabVIEW software. The accuracy of coercivity measurement was increased by using sinusoidal flux density, with a high accuracy instrumentation amplifier circuit and flux density control feedback loop for examining magnetic properties of thin samples.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xi Tan, Dandan Huang, Mingyang Zhao, Qionglin Cheng, Yaqian Ren, Yawen Chen, Ming Yi, Qi Ding, Xianwei Zuo, Yang Wang, Yuzhe Song, Qihai Lu, Genliang Han, Hairong Li
Summary: More and more research has been conducted on using magnetic beads as magnetic tags combined with a GMR sensor for biomolecule detection. This study successfully synthesized magnetic beads with a particle size of 200 nm and investigated the impact of bead size on the sensor surface. Simulation results showed that smaller bead sizes required thinner passivation layers. A GMR sensor with a passivation layer thickness of 10-40 nm fabricated using MEMS technology was able to detect the 200 nm magnetic beads, and the sensor signal output increased with decreasing passivation layer thickness.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jing Zhou, Kecheng Qiu, Bowen Deng, Zhanlong Zhang, Guoqing Ye
Summary: This article proposes a nondestructive method for location and buried depth measurement of vertical rebars in concrete structures based on the magnetization effect. By analyzing the influence of the magnetization effect on the magnetic field and designing a sensor layout to measure magnetic induction intensity, the position and depth of the rebars are determined. The effectiveness of the method is verified through simulation and experiments, and the influence of rebar diameter and spacing on the measurement is discussed.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Halil Ersin Soken, Semsettin Numan Sozen, Murat Gokce, Cagatay Yavuzyilmaz, Farid Gulmammadov
Summary: Sun sensors are commonly used for attitude sensing due to their low cost and small size. This study proposes a calibration method using the Deep Neural Network (DNN) to improve the accuracy of analog Sun sensors. The DNN-based method does not rely on a model for measurement correction and can reduce the error in Sun direction measurements from 10 degrees to 0.5 degrees. The DNN can also correct measurements for different scenarios without extensive training periods.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Neoclis Hadjigeorgiou, Konstantinos Asimakopoulos, Konstantinos Papafotis, Paul P. Sotiriadis
Summary: This review paper explores the common technologies of vector magnetic field sensors, presenting the physical phenomena, structure, operating principles, error sources, calibration techniques, and application examples of each sensor.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kehao Feng, Zhenghua Zhang, Guohua Bai, Xiuyuan Fan, Rongzhi Zhao, Xuefeng Zhang
Summary: This paper proposes a new method to accurately evaluate the high-frequency power loss of soft magnetic materials. Through a two-step calibration, the system is able to compensate for the phase angle discrepancy between the exciting current and induced voltage, enabling a higher power loss measurement frequency.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mingfang Kang, Tong Liu, Hongmei Sun, Lin Li, Keliang Wang
Summary: In this study, the absorption performance of ambient nitrogenous toxic gases on a monolayer of blue phosphorus phase germanium selenide (GeSe) was investigated using density-functional theory calculations. The results showed that GeSe monolayer exhibits higher sensitivity and selectivity for the hazardous gas NO.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yaqiong Niu, Zhicheng Zou, Longsheng Cheng, Chaofeng Ye
Summary: This paper proposes a novel method to stabilize the laser diode output using a close-loop control with two feedbacks. The proposed method performs better for long-time operations.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jiajie Li, Ying Liu, Zhen Chai, Qian Cao, Renjie Li, Yueyang Zhai
Summary: This study proposed an efficient and high-quality beam-splitting method based on a diffractive optical element, enabling multichannel SERF atomic magnetometers to achieve ultra-high consistency and sensitivity. It has significant applications in array biomagnetic measurement systems.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
E. Oliveira, C. Doering, H. Fouckhardt
Summary: With the development of Lab on a chip technology, fluid management using dispersed droplets has become an important approach. Electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) is one method for droplet actuation, but it requires prior definition of droplet positions. Optoelectrowetting (OEW) goes further by allowing changes in electrical parameters through impinging light spots, without the need for predefined droplet positions. This study re-evaluates the key parameters of OEW and explores their effects on droplet actuation using numerical optimization methods.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Haipeng Wang, Zhiguo Wang, Gancheng Zhu, Shuai Zhang
Summary: A novel capacitive proximity skin was developed to improve the performance of robotics in handling liquid-filled containers. This skin features a flexible structure that can adapt to different grippers and seamlessly integrate with Robot Operating System. Experimental results demonstrated that this proximity skin achieved data-lossless detection and contactless measurement of liquid level, making it suitable for grasping operations.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Tsenguun Byambadorj, Xiangyu Zhao, Yutao Qin, Yogesh B. Gianchandani
Summary: In this research, a monolithically microfabricated Knudsen pump (KP) without suspended membranes was presented. These pumps offer improved mechanical robustness, wider process window, and simplified microfabrication process compared to previous designs. The experimental results matched the modeling results well, indicating the potential for monolithic integration onto complex lab-on-a-chip systems.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hamed Karami, Saeed Karami Chemeh, Vahid Azizi, Hooman Sharifnasab, Jose Ramos, Mohammed Kamruzzaman
Summary: Aroma is a significant quality trait for pharmaceutical plants and their products, indicating the quality of the raw material. An electronic nose is an efficient approach for identifying and evaluating the aroma of essential oils. In this study, tarragon was dried at different temperatures and air velocities, and the purity of tarragon essential oil was evaluated using an electronic nose. Multivariate data analysis and artificial neural networks modeling were employed to quantify and classify the obtained essential oils.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xiaoyang Duan, Dan Xu, Wenjun Jia, Ran Li, Bohao Sun, Ruitian Yan, Wenjie Zhao
Summary: Flower-like WO3/WS2 heterojunction materials constructed via a low-temperature in-situ oxidation method exhibit significant improvements in the detection of NO2 gas in gas sensors, along with good selectivity and reproducibility.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Peng Yu, Mengyang Zhang, Manqi You, Yuxi Gao, Landong Xiao, Yan Peng, Jingxia Lai, Zhouzhao Shi, Siwei Luo, Gencai Guo, Gang Guo
Summary: Recent studies have shown that two-dimensional Janus transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have great potential for applications in gas sensors. By conducting first principles calculations, this study explores the potential application of Pd-doped monolayer HfSeS as gas sensor materials for detecting CO, CO2, NH3, and NO. The results demonstrate the good thermodynamical stability and reversible adsorption of these molecules on both pristine and Pd-doped HfSeS, with Pd-doped HfSeS showing higher sensitivity towards NO due to its metallic behavior upon NO adsorption.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jinlan Yang, Linjiao Li, Jun Huang, Quan Zhang, Hiba Affane
Summary: This study proposes a method for large-scale aggregation of micro-particles by creating a vortex region using low-frequency oscillation. Experimental results show that this method can achieve a large aggregation area and has the advantages of low cost and low power consumption.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jitendra Singh, Saurabh Kumar Gupta, Vinita
Summary: In this investigation, a Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) formalin gas sensor was explored for low-level formalin gas sensing applications. The sensor showed stable response and high sensitivity to formalin gas concentration, making it a reliable and useful sensor for room temperature operations.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Junyao Wang, Yahao Liu, Huan Liu, Qi Hou, Jianxin Xu, Hongxu Pan, Jingran Quan, Yansong Chen, Hanbo Yang, Lixiang Li
Summary: A flexible electrode with a serpentine-shaped tetra-chiral structure was designed to improve the mechanical properties and prevent mechanical fracture of flexible electrodes. The research demonstrated that this structure reduced the maximum tensile stress by 87.19% compared to the existing tetra-chiral structure. The flexible electrode remained conductive even at a strain of 70% and showed resistance values of 5 ohm and 4.4 ohm at a bending angle of 180 degrees and after 1000 fold cycles. Furthermore, the flexible electrodes showed great potential in biological signal monitoring, particularly in collecting ECG and pulse signals.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Taihao Chen, Yong Fang, Mengru Zhu, Zhiwei Zhao, Wei Lei, Zhuoya Zhu, Helong Jiang
Summary: Flexible dual-spectral carbon nanodots/flexible n-silicon heterojunction photodetectors with high responsivity and detectivity are reported. These detectors show photo response in UV illumination and only in forward bias under visible illumination. The photocurrent of the device remains high even under bending strain.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
M. S. Sikandar Bathusha, Israr Ud Din, Rehan Umer, Kamran A. Khan
Summary: Graphene-based nanomaterials are used as embedded sensors to monitor fracture behavior in composite structures. This study investigates the in-situ crack propagation and fracture behavior in a glass fiber reinforced polymer composite using embedded reduced graphene oxide coated fabrics and highly conductive graphene nanoplatelet paper.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)