Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Noelia Geribaldi-Doldan, Livia Carrascal, Patricia Perez-Garcia, Jose M. Oliva-Montero, Ricardo Pardillo-Diaz, Samuel Dominguez-Garcia, Carlos Bernal-Utrera, Ricardo Gomez-Oliva, Sergio Martinez-Ortega, Cristina Verastegui, Pedro Nunez-Abades, Carmen Castro
Summary: Harmonic mechanisms in neurogenic niches orchestrate neurogenesis in the healthy brain, generating neurons from neural stem cells. The mammalian brain has developed mechanisms to respond to injuries, promoting neuronal regeneration and altering neurogenic niche processes. However, natural regeneration of neuronal tissue within brain injuries does not occur, and stimulation of newly generated neurons' migration to damaged regions may lead to therapies for repairing the damaged brain tissue.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shichao Huang, Zhen Zhang, Junwei Cao, Yongchun Yu, Gang Pei
Summary: Researchers developed a novel engineering method to assess the role of apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) in neurons and astrocytes using chimeric human cerebral organoids (chCOs). The results showed that APOE4 promoted lipid droplet formation and cholesterol accumulation in neurons, and also affected levels of tau protein and A beta. This study revealed the essence of APOE4 in both neurons and astrocytes for tau pathology, and suggested that chCOs could serve as a valuable pathological model for Alzheimer's disease (AD) research and drug discovery.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tom T. Fischer, Lien D. Nguyen, Barbara E. Ehrlich
Summary: The study revealed that the absence of NCS1 in the brain leads to reduced dendritic complexity and spine density, which may be associated with deficits in memory acquisition. RNA sequencing results showed that NCS1 modulates gene expression related to neuronal morphology and development.
Review
Neurosciences
Janne Hakanen, Nicolas Parmentier, Leonie Sommacal, Dario Garcia-Sanchez, Mohamed Aittaleb, Didier Vertommen, Libing Zhou, Nuria Ruiz-Reig, Fadel Tissir
Summary: The planar cell polarity protein Celsr3 and the microtubule depolymerizing protein Kif2a cooperatively specify the directionality of neuroblasts tangential migration in the postnatal brain, providing new insights into the mechanisms of neuroblast migration.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Stephane Bugeon, Clara Haubold, Alexandre Ryzynski, Harold Cremer, Jean-Claude Platel
Summary: The study investigates the impact of neuronal activity on the migration of different interneuron subtypes, revealing a significant increase in intrinsic calcium activity in granule cell precursors during the switch from tangential to radial migration. Neuronal activity is found to be necessary for the positioning and survival of granule cell precursors in the olfactory bulb layers.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guodong Chen, Lin Han, Senwei Tan, Xiangbin Jia, Huidan Wu, Yingting Quan, Qiumeng Zhang, Bin Yu, Zhengmao Hu, Kun Xia, Hui Guo
Summary: This study investigates the role of the KMT5B gene in neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and reveals its essential functions in neuronal development, prenatal neurogenesis, and neuronal migration.
JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND GENOMICS
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Cedric Bressan, Armen Saghatelyan
Summary: Neuronal migration is a crucial process in brain development, involving complex interactions between external micro-environmental cues and intrinsic mechanisms. In the adult brain, neuroblasts not only migrate to the olfactory bulb but may also deviate to areas of injury.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Jiansong Huang, Bowen Jiang, Guo-Wei Li, Dandan Zheng, Mingyi Li, Xuan Xie, Yuxiang Pan, Manyi Wei, Xiaoyan Liu, Xingyu Jiang, Xu Zhang, Li Yang, Lan Bao, Bin Wang
Summary: This study reveals the critical role of m6A-modified lincRNA in neuronal development, functioning through the regulation of RNA-binding protein degradation, which impacts axon elongation and migration of neurons.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shang-Yin Chiang, Hsin-Chieh Wu, Shu-Yu Lin, Hsin-Yi Chen, Chia-Fang Wang, Nai-Hsing Yeh, Jou-Ho Shih, Yi-Shuian Huang, Hung-Chih Kuo, Shen-Ju Chou, Ruey-Hwa Chen
Summary: The study highlights the critical role of protein stabilization mechanisms in cortical development, showing that Usp11 deficiency impairs neuron production and migration, and disease-associated Usp11 mutant fails to support these processes.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wentong Hong, Pifang Gong, Xinjie Pan, Yitong Liu, Guibo Qi, Congcong Qi, Song Qin
Summary: Kruppel-like Factor 7 (KLF7), a zinc finger transcription factor, plays a critical role in cellular differentiation, tumorigenesis, and regeneration. Mutations in Klf7 are associated with autism spectrum disorder characterized by neurodevelopmental delay and intellectual disability. Our study reveals that KLF7 regulates neurogenesis and neuronal migration during mouse cortical development. Depletion of KLF7 in neural progenitor cells leads to agenesis of the corpus callosum, defects in neurogenesis, and impaired neuronal migration in the neocortex. Transcriptomic profiling analysis identifies p21 and Rac3 as KLF7-regulated genes involved in neuronal differentiation and migration. These findings contribute to our understanding of the potential mechanisms underlying neurological defects associated with Klf7 mutations.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Jean-Marc Burgunder
Summary: Neurological diseases associated with specific pathogenic gene variants can show considerable phenotypic variation. This Review explores the mechanisms that underlie this phenomenon, including environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors that influence the expressivity and penetrance of pathogenic variants.
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Alexandru M. Plesa, Michael Shadpour, Ed Boyden, George M. Church
Summary: Aging is a gradual decline of a biological system in multiple aspects. Neurodegenerative diseases, as chronic age-related conditions, are a major cause of death worldwide and pose a pressing problem for society. To tackle this global challenge, the proposal of rejuvenation therapies targeting the reprogramming of the cell transcriptome to a youthful state is put forward. Transcriptomic data from primary human cells can be utilized to predict rejuvenation targets and develop high-throughput aging assays for large perturbation screens. Among all cell types in the brain, glutamatergic neurons, neuronal stem cells, and oligodendrocytes are identified as the most impactful and tractable targets for rejuvenation. Finally, experimental designs for anti-aging reprogramming screens are provided to pave the way for the development of neuronal age reversal therapies, with the potential to greatly improve human health.
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaonan Liu, Sarah A. Bennison, Lozen Robinson, Kazuhito Toyo-oka
Summary: Deletions or duplications in the chromosome region 17p13.3 result in severe neurodevelopmental disorders, with genes like PAFAH1B1, CRK, and YWHAE playing important roles in regulating neuronal migration. Despite the known functions of these genes, little is known about the impact of other genes in the 17p13.3 region on neuronal migration.
Article
Neurosciences
Alba Ortega-Gasco, Antoni Parcerisas, Keiko Hino, Vicente Herranz-Perez, Fausto Ulloa, Alba Elias-Tersa, Miquel Bosch, Jose Manuel Garcia-Verdugo, Sergi Simo, Lluis Pujadas, Eduardo Soriano
Summary: NCAM2 plays a significant role in the regulation of RGPs during adult neurogenesis and corticogenesis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dong Kyu Kim, Hyobin Jeong, Jingi Bae, Moon-Yong Cha, Moonkyung Kang, Dongjin Shin, Shinwon Ha, Seung Jae Hyeon, Hokeun Kim, Kyujin Suh, Mi-Sun Choi, Hoon Ryu, Seong-Woon Yu, Jong-Il Kim, Yeon-Soo Kim, Sang-Won Lee, Daehee Hwang, Inhee Mook-Jung
Summary: This study reveals the crucial role of mitochondria in neural progenitors and their association with the protein amyloid-beta, which is linked to Alzheimer's disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction inhibits neuronal differentiation, leading to deficits in adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function. The research suggests that lysine demethylase 5A epigenetically suppresses differentiation in response to mitochondrial damage.
EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Alyssa Kearly, Andrew D. L. Nelson, Aleksandra Skirycz, Monika Chodasiewicz
Summary: Stress Granules (SGs) and Processing-bodies (P-bodies) are important biomolecular condensates that play crucial roles in maintaining mRNA balance and regulating stress responses. They are composed of proteins and RNAs involved in translation, protein folding, and energy metabolism.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
P. Lemonnier, T. Lawson
Summary: Stomatal conductance plays a crucial role in determining CO2 uptake and water loss in plants, affecting overall water status and productivity. However, the signals coordinating mesophyll demands for CO2, the role of chloroplasts in stomatal function, and other GC metabolic processes in stomatal function remain poorly understood.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Matteo Gionfriddo, Timothy Rhodes, Spencer M. Whitney
Summary: Rubisco is a key enzyme that facilitates the entry of CO2 into the biosphere, but its catalytic properties are slow and error-prone. More effective Rubisco variants have been discovered in certain algae, offering the potential to significantly improve crop productivity. However, incompatibilities in protein folding have hindered the transplantation of these variants into plants. Directed evolution is now being explored to enhance Rubisco catalysis.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Vittoria Clapero, Stephanie Arrivault, Mark Stitt
Summary: The Calvin-Benson cycle has undergone massive selection and co-evolution with carbon-concentrating mechanisms due to changing environmental factors. Metabolite profiling reveals species-specific variations in the operation of the cycle, indicating the influence of different modes of photosynthesis. Connectivity analysis identifies constraints and driving factors for cross-species diversity in the cycle.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Sukhbir Kaur, David D. Roberts
Summary: Thrombospondin-1 modulates cell behavior by interacting with components of the extracellular matrix and cell surface receptors. Its release and expression are influenced by injuries and various diseases, while its sustained presence in the extracellular space is regulated by receptor-mediated clearance. Thrombospondin-1 plays important roles in immune responses.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Richard P. Tucker, Josephine C. Adams
Summary: Thrombospondins (TSPs) play diverse roles in animals and have been found to belong to a superfamily that includes different subgroups such as mega-TSPs, sushi-TSPs, and poriferan-TSPs. Invertebrates encode a greater diversity of TSP superfamily members than vertebrates.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
James Petrik, Sylvia Lauks, Bianca Garlisi, Jack Lawler
Summary: Many cancers start with a small nest of transformed cells that can remain dormant. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) initially promotes dormancy by suppressing angiogenesis, but over time, factors promoting angiogenesis become dominant and recruit various cells to form a complex tumor microenvironment. TSPs play a role in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cells in the tumor microenvironment, as well as influencing the immune characteristics and phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Hana Fakim, Christine Vande Velde
Summary: There has been increasing attention to the role of phase-separated biomolecular condensates, specifically stress granules, in neurodegenerative diseases like ALS. ALS-associated mutations in genes involved in stress granule assembly have been found, and stress granule proteins have been detected in pathological inclusions in ALS patient neurons. However, protein components of stress granules are also present in other physiological biomolecular condensates, which have not been adequately discussed in relation to ALS. This review explores the functions of TDP-43 and FUS in physiological condensates occurring in the nucleus and neurites beyond stress granules, and discusses the impact of ALS-linked mutations on their ability to phase separate and perform their functions in stress-independent biomolecular condensates.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Alexander Lin, Yogambha Ramaswamy, Ashish Misra
Summary: Smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and macrophages in blood vessels display remarkable heterogeneity, and their developmental origins may influence their plasticity. Unbiased single cell whole transcriptome analysis techniques are revolutionizing the understanding of cellular diversity and plasticity, providing insights for therapeutic research.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Elton P. Hudson
Summary: The Calvin Benson cycle plays a crucial role in the ecological and biotechnological aspects of bacteria. Recent studies have shed light on the regulation of this cycle in bacteria, with post-transcriptional and post-translational regulation being important in phototrophic bacteria, and transcriptional regulation being prominent in chemolithoautotrophic bacteria. Understanding the regulation of the Calvin Benson cycle has implications for enhancing CO2 fixation and improving the synthesis of desired products. Non-canonical cycles may offer potential benefits for industrial applications.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Xin-Guang Zhu, Haim Treves, Honglong Zhao
Summary: This paper discusses the major regulatory mechanisms over the Calvin Benson Cycle (CBC) that maintain homeostasis of metabolite levels. These mechanisms include redox regulation of enzymes, metabolite regulations (especially allosteric regulations), and balanced activities of enzymes. These regulatory mechanisms are crucial for maintaining high flux and photosynthetic efficiency in CBC.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Hunter C. Herriage, Yi-Ting Huang, Brian R. Calvi
Summary: Apoptosis prevents the inappropriate acquisition of extra copies of the genome, known as polyploidy, but the polyploid state can suppress apoptosis. The mechanisms linking apoptosis and polyploid cell cycles are still largely unknown, and studying the regulation of apoptosis in development and cancer could lead to more effective therapies.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Daniel Campbell, Steven Zuryn
Summary: Mitochondrial dynamics play a crucial role in regulating cellular and organismal homeostasis, impacting various aspects of an organism's healthspan. By studying the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, a comprehensive understanding of the impact of mitochondrial dynamics on homeostasis over a lifetime can be obtained.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Diba Borgmann, Henning Fenselau
Summary: Maintaining blood glucose at an appropriate physiological level requires coordination of multiple organs and tissues, with the vagus nerve playing a key role in central control. Recent studies have revealed the cellular identity, neuroanatomical organization, and functional contributions of vagal neurons in the regulation of systemic glucose metabolism. These findings provide new insights into the precise roles of vagal neurons in coordinating glucose levels and offer potential avenues for treating glucose metabolism disorders.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Tatiana C. Coverdell, Stephen B. G. Abbott, John N. Campbell
Summary: In this article, we review how genetic technology and single-cell genomics are revealing the organizational principles of the efferent vagus in unprecedented detail.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
