Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liam P. Cheeseman, Helder Maiato
Summary: The attachment of microtubules to kinetochores causes deformation, leading to intrakinetochore stretching. This phenomenon is proposed to be independent of microtubule-pulling forces and plays a role in efficient spindle assembly checkpoint silencing to prevent chromosomal instability.
Article
Cell Biology
Lei Wang, Thomas Kruse, Blanca Lopez-Mendez, Yuqing Zhang, Chunlin Song, Lei Zhu, Bing Li, Jing Fang, Zhimin Lu, Jakob Nilsson, Gang Zhang
Summary: The Bub1 and BubR1 kinetochore proteins are involved in chromosome segregation and the mitotic checkpoint. While Bub1 is a kinase, BubR1 localizes a phosphatase to kinetochores in humans. This study shows that integrating kinase and phosphatase activities within the Bub complex is necessary for maintaining proper mitotic progression.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Parsa Zareiesfandabadi, Mary Williard Elting
Summary: The mitotic spindle plays a critical role in chromosome segregation during cell division. Through laser ablation experiments, the collapse of the spindle was found to require microtubule dynamics and specific motor proteins.
BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Taekyung Kim, Anton Gartner
Summary: This article summarizes the key role of Bub1 in the spindle assembly checkpoint and chromosome alignment, as well as its functions beyond mitotic regulation and its potential applications in human diseases.
ANIMAL CELLS AND SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Michela Damizia, Ludovica Altieri, Vincenzo Costanzo, Patrizia Lavia
Summary: This study reveals that NuSAP1 interacts with RANBP2 and forms proximity ligation products with SUMO2/3 peptides at key mitotic sites. Additionally, two new regulatory sites for NuSAP1 functions are identified, implicating RANBP2 in control of NuSAP1 activity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Agata Gluszek-Kustusz, Benjamin Craske, Thibault Legal, Toni McHugh, Julie P. Welburn
Summary: During mitosis, the microtubule crosslinker protein PRC1 recruits motor proteins CENP-E and Kif4A to the central spindle to coordinate chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. This recruitment is mediated by a conserved hydrophobic motif and is spatially and temporally regulated by CENP-E. The interaction between PRC1 and microtubule motor proteins is essential for controlling chromosome partitioning, maintaining central spindle integrity, and ensuring cytokinesis during anaphase.
Review
Cell Biology
Marin Barisic, Girish Rajendraprasad, Yulia Steblyanko
Summary: The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is a surveillance mechanism that promotes accurate chromosome segregation in mitosis by sensing the attachment state of kinetochores. Current understanding of how SAC proteins are recruited to kinetochores in the absence of microtubule attachment and how attachments silence the SAC at the kinetochore is limited, requiring further investigation.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Inmaculada Ayala, Antonino Colanzi
Summary: The Golgi complex plays a central role in secretory traffic and can form a structure called the Golgi ribbon. The balanced formation and cleavage of membrane tubules connecting the stacks are crucial for cell division and spindle formation.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Valentina Piano, Amal Alex, Patricia Stege, Stefano Maffini, Gerardo A. Stoppiello, Pim J. Huis in't Veld, Ingrid R. Vetter, Andrea Musacchio
Summary: The open and closed topologies of HORMA-domain proteins are associated with inactive and active cellular pathways, respectively. CDC20, an impervious substrate, requires simultaneous docking on several sites of the catalytic complex in order to accelerate its binding to MAD2, promoting MCC assembly. This may define a paradigm for other HORMA-controlled systems.
Article
Cell Biology
Wonkyung Oh, Ting Ting Wu, Seo-Yeon Jeong, Ho Jin You, Jung-Hee Lee
Summary: CtIP plays a critical role in regulating mitosis by interacting with TPX2 to control spindle dynamics and regulate the concentration of Aurora A and microtubule intensity at the spindle poles. Depletion of CtIP may lead to improper execution of mitosis and result in chromosomal instability.
Review
Microbiology
Timothy R. Keiffer, Sarah Soorya, Martin J. Sapp
Summary: This review will summarize the recent advances in understanding HPV16 entry, focusing on its role in the pathogenesis of various important cancers.
Article
Cell Biology
Eric M. C. Britigan, Jun Wan, Daniel K. Sam, Sarah E. Copeland, Amber L. Lasek, Laura C. F. Hrycyniak, Lei Wang, Anjon Audhya, Mark E. Burkard, Avtar Roopra, Beth A. Weaver
Summary: The increased expression of Aurora B protein reduces its kinase activity and causes defects in mitosis. The complexes of Aurora B and its binding partner INCENP achieve Aurora B activation through autophosphorylation.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Ryusuke Suzuki, Masato T. Kanemaki, Takeshi Suzuki, Katsuji Yoshioka
Summary: This study provides a novel insight into the mechanism through which JLP overexpression is associated with chromosomal instability in non-transformed cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sikai Liu, Xiao Yuan, Ping Gui, Ran Liu, Olanrewaju Durojaye, Donald L. Hill, Chuanhai Fu, Xuebiao Yao, Zhen Dou, Xing Liu
Summary: In mitosis, the interaction between Cyclin B2 and Mad2 guides accurate chromosome segregation through their localization at the kinetochores.
Review
Cell Biology
Yuqing Zhang, Chunlin Song, Lei Wang, Hongfei Jiang, Yujing Zhai, Ying Wang, Jing Fang, Gang Zhang
Summary: This review summarizes the research progress on the role of Bub1 in mitosis over the past three decades. The studies have revealed that Bub1 plays important roles in checkpoint regulation and chromosome alignment. The essentiality of Bub1 in higher eukaryotic cells is discussed, along with some unresolved questions raised for future study.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Alyssa Kearly, Andrew D. L. Nelson, Aleksandra Skirycz, Monika Chodasiewicz
Summary: Stress Granules (SGs) and Processing-bodies (P-bodies) are important biomolecular condensates that play crucial roles in maintaining mRNA balance and regulating stress responses. They are composed of proteins and RNAs involved in translation, protein folding, and energy metabolism.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
P. Lemonnier, T. Lawson
Summary: Stomatal conductance plays a crucial role in determining CO2 uptake and water loss in plants, affecting overall water status and productivity. However, the signals coordinating mesophyll demands for CO2, the role of chloroplasts in stomatal function, and other GC metabolic processes in stomatal function remain poorly understood.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Matteo Gionfriddo, Timothy Rhodes, Spencer M. Whitney
Summary: Rubisco is a key enzyme that facilitates the entry of CO2 into the biosphere, but its catalytic properties are slow and error-prone. More effective Rubisco variants have been discovered in certain algae, offering the potential to significantly improve crop productivity. However, incompatibilities in protein folding have hindered the transplantation of these variants into plants. Directed evolution is now being explored to enhance Rubisco catalysis.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Vittoria Clapero, Stephanie Arrivault, Mark Stitt
Summary: The Calvin-Benson cycle has undergone massive selection and co-evolution with carbon-concentrating mechanisms due to changing environmental factors. Metabolite profiling reveals species-specific variations in the operation of the cycle, indicating the influence of different modes of photosynthesis. Connectivity analysis identifies constraints and driving factors for cross-species diversity in the cycle.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Sukhbir Kaur, David D. Roberts
Summary: Thrombospondin-1 modulates cell behavior by interacting with components of the extracellular matrix and cell surface receptors. Its release and expression are influenced by injuries and various diseases, while its sustained presence in the extracellular space is regulated by receptor-mediated clearance. Thrombospondin-1 plays important roles in immune responses.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Richard P. Tucker, Josephine C. Adams
Summary: Thrombospondins (TSPs) play diverse roles in animals and have been found to belong to a superfamily that includes different subgroups such as mega-TSPs, sushi-TSPs, and poriferan-TSPs. Invertebrates encode a greater diversity of TSP superfamily members than vertebrates.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
James Petrik, Sylvia Lauks, Bianca Garlisi, Jack Lawler
Summary: Many cancers start with a small nest of transformed cells that can remain dormant. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) initially promotes dormancy by suppressing angiogenesis, but over time, factors promoting angiogenesis become dominant and recruit various cells to form a complex tumor microenvironment. TSPs play a role in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cells in the tumor microenvironment, as well as influencing the immune characteristics and phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Hana Fakim, Christine Vande Velde
Summary: There has been increasing attention to the role of phase-separated biomolecular condensates, specifically stress granules, in neurodegenerative diseases like ALS. ALS-associated mutations in genes involved in stress granule assembly have been found, and stress granule proteins have been detected in pathological inclusions in ALS patient neurons. However, protein components of stress granules are also present in other physiological biomolecular condensates, which have not been adequately discussed in relation to ALS. This review explores the functions of TDP-43 and FUS in physiological condensates occurring in the nucleus and neurites beyond stress granules, and discusses the impact of ALS-linked mutations on their ability to phase separate and perform their functions in stress-independent biomolecular condensates.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Alexander Lin, Yogambha Ramaswamy, Ashish Misra
Summary: Smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and macrophages in blood vessels display remarkable heterogeneity, and their developmental origins may influence their plasticity. Unbiased single cell whole transcriptome analysis techniques are revolutionizing the understanding of cellular diversity and plasticity, providing insights for therapeutic research.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Elton P. Hudson
Summary: The Calvin Benson cycle plays a crucial role in the ecological and biotechnological aspects of bacteria. Recent studies have shed light on the regulation of this cycle in bacteria, with post-transcriptional and post-translational regulation being important in phototrophic bacteria, and transcriptional regulation being prominent in chemolithoautotrophic bacteria. Understanding the regulation of the Calvin Benson cycle has implications for enhancing CO2 fixation and improving the synthesis of desired products. Non-canonical cycles may offer potential benefits for industrial applications.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Xin-Guang Zhu, Haim Treves, Honglong Zhao
Summary: This paper discusses the major regulatory mechanisms over the Calvin Benson Cycle (CBC) that maintain homeostasis of metabolite levels. These mechanisms include redox regulation of enzymes, metabolite regulations (especially allosteric regulations), and balanced activities of enzymes. These regulatory mechanisms are crucial for maintaining high flux and photosynthetic efficiency in CBC.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Hunter C. Herriage, Yi-Ting Huang, Brian R. Calvi
Summary: Apoptosis prevents the inappropriate acquisition of extra copies of the genome, known as polyploidy, but the polyploid state can suppress apoptosis. The mechanisms linking apoptosis and polyploid cell cycles are still largely unknown, and studying the regulation of apoptosis in development and cancer could lead to more effective therapies.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Daniel Campbell, Steven Zuryn
Summary: Mitochondrial dynamics play a crucial role in regulating cellular and organismal homeostasis, impacting various aspects of an organism's healthspan. By studying the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, a comprehensive understanding of the impact of mitochondrial dynamics on homeostasis over a lifetime can be obtained.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Diba Borgmann, Henning Fenselau
Summary: Maintaining blood glucose at an appropriate physiological level requires coordination of multiple organs and tissues, with the vagus nerve playing a key role in central control. Recent studies have revealed the cellular identity, neuroanatomical organization, and functional contributions of vagal neurons in the regulation of systemic glucose metabolism. These findings provide new insights into the precise roles of vagal neurons in coordinating glucose levels and offer potential avenues for treating glucose metabolism disorders.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Tatiana C. Coverdell, Stephen B. G. Abbott, John N. Campbell
Summary: In this article, we review how genetic technology and single-cell genomics are revealing the organizational principles of the efferent vagus in unprecedented detail.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)