Enterovirus 71 2C Protein Inhibits NF-κB Activation by Binding to RelA(p65)

Viruses evolve multiple ways to interfere with NF-kappa B signaling, a key regulator of innate and adaptive immunity. Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is one of primary pathogens that cause hand-foot-mouth disease. Here, we identify RelA(p65) as a novel binding partner for EV71 2C protein from yeast twohybrid screen. By interaction with IPT domain of p65, 2C reduces the formation of heterodimer p65/p50, the predominant form of NF-kappa B. We also show that picornavirus 2C family proteins inhibit NF-kappa B activation and associate with p65 and IKK beta. Our findings provide a novel mechanism how EV71 antagonizes innate immunity.