Article
Education & Educational Research
Laila Alsuwaidi, Jorgen Kristensen, H. K. Amar, Saba Al Heialy
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of incorporating Simulation-Based Medical Education (SBME) in teaching haematological aspects to medical students, finding that students rated the simulation sessions highly and found them to be a valuable learning experience.
BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Aleksandra Figarska, Olga Witkowska-Pilaszewicz
Summary: The immunology of pregnancy focuses on the immune responses of a mother and her fetus to each other. Recent research has shed light on the complex immunological processes that allow the developing fetus to survive without being rejected by the mother's immune system. Horses are a valuable animal model for pregnancy immunology research due to their unique anatomy and physiology.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Helen Guo, Stacy Ahn, Luoping Zhang
Summary: Benzene induces immunosuppressive effects on the adaptive immune system and activates the innate immune system to cause inflammation, leading to decreased white blood cells and increased proinflammatory biomarkers. This comprehensive review provides new evidence on benzene's immunotoxicity in humans, proposing potential mechanisms of cancer development through proinflammatory cytokine production and impaired immunosurveillance. Further studies are needed to confirm the connection between benzene exposure and its effects on the immune system.
OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Urology & Nephrology
George Bayliss
Summary: With recent surgeries proving the concept of pig organs being transplanted into humans, the ethical question has been settled. However, before pig kidney xenotransplantation becomes an option to solve the organ shortage, other issues need to be addressed and resolved.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jean-Laurent Casanova, Laurent Abel
Summary: Disease and inflammation are rare outcomes of viral infection in humans, often due to a failure in cell-intrinsic and leukocytic immunity to viruses. Inflammation indicates the efforts of newly recruited and activated leukocytes to resolve infection. Genetic studies can help clarify the underlying causes of inflammation and disease in viral infections.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hartmut Wekerle
Summary: Understanding the factors contributing to the development of multiple sclerosis is crucial for the development of new therapies. Current clinical data suggest that viral factors and immune system dysfunction are underlying factors in this condition.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tiong Y. Lim, Elena Perpinan, Maria-Carlota Londono, Rosa Miquel, Paula Ruiz, Ada S. Kurt, Elisavet Kodela, Amy R. Cross, Claudia Berlin, Joanna Hester, Fadi Issa, Abdel Douiri, Felix H. Volmer, Richard Taubert, Evangelia Williams, Anthony J. Demetris, Andrew Lesniak, Gilbert Bensimon, Juan Jose Lozano, Marc Martinez-Llordella, Tim Tree, Alberto Sanchez-Fueyo
Summary: This study investigated the role of low-dose IL-2 (LDIL-2) in maintaining liver allograft tolerance. The results showed that LDIL-2 expanded circulating regulatory T cells (Tregs) but failed to effectively suppress antigen-specific immune responses and promote the accumulation of intrahepatic Tregs. Furthermore, LDIL-2 induced a liver transcriptional response even before immunosuppression weaning. The study was terminated after the first 6 participants failed to reach the primary endpoint, requiring reinstitution of immunosuppression.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Zhanxuan Hu, Yichen Wang, Hailong Ning, Danyang Wu, Feiping Nie
Summary: This paper proposes a method called Mutual-Taught Deep Clustering (MTDC) that integrates unsupervised representation learning and unsupervised classification. By alternating between predicting pseudolabels and estimating semantic similarity during training, MTDC allows unsupervised classification and unsupervised representation learning to mutually benefit from each other. Experimental results show that this method performs well on multiple image datasets.
KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMS
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Julie Bigay, Roger Le Grand, Frederic Martinon, Pauline Maisonnasse
Summary: The development of safe and effective vaccines is crucial in the fight against infectious diseases. However, in some cases, vaccines can lead to exacerbated pathology upon subsequent infection. This phenomenon, known as vaccine-associated enhanced disease (VAED), has been observed in various vaccines, including those targeting RSV, MV, and DENV. Concerns have also been raised regarding the safety of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Although the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are not fully understood, antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), complement-dependent enhancement, and cell-dependent enhancement have been suggested as potential factors.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cassandra Willyard
Summary: This study adds to the evidence suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 infection does not cause chilblains, but it does not completely rule out the possibility.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Huiying Lu, Cui Zhang, Wei Wu, Huimin Chen, Ritian Lin, Ruicong Sun, Xiang Gao, Gengfeng Li, Qiong He, Han Gao, Xiaohan Wu, Jian Lin, Ruixin Zhu, Jianli Niu, Pappachan E. Kolattukudy, Zhanju Liu
Summary: This study investigated the roles of MCPIP1 in modulating the differentiation and functions of intestinal macrophages in the pathogenesis of IBD. It was found that MCPIP1 deficiency exacerbated intestinal inflammation.
Review
Immunology
Sarah Grabherr, Burkhard Ludewig, Natalia Barbara Pikor
Summary: Coronaviruses can cause various diseases including lung, CNS, enteric, and hepatic diseases. The emergence of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 has shown the potential for severe respiratory and systemic diseases caused by coronaviruses. Studying mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) provides insights into coronavirus virulence factors and host mechanisms of antiviral immunity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Shingo Hayashida, Kazuhide Takada, Vyacheslav G. Melnikov, Shihoko Komine-Aizawa, Noriko M. Tsuji, Satoshi Hayakawa
Summary: This article explores the mechanism of Lactobacillus dominance in the vagina. The study found that host factors and antagonism between vaginal bacteria may play important roles in the selection of Lactobacillus species.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Guo Zhong, Chi-Man Pun
Summary: By integrating multiple views, multi-view learning can improve the performance of learning tasks by discovering underlying data structures. Multi-view clustering, as a basic and important branch of multi-view learning, has achieved great success recently. However, most existing multi-view spectral clustering methods may significantly affect clustering performance due to information loss between independent steps. In this paper, a novel Self-taught Multi-view Spectral Clustering (SMSC) framework is proposed to address this issue, and experimental results show that our methods out-perform other state-of-the-art baselines.
PATTERN RECOGNITION
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Alyssa C. Gilmore, Yuchun Zhang, H. Terence Cook, Deborah P. Lavin, Suresh Katti, Yi Wang, Krista K. Johnson, SungKwon Kim, Matthew C. Pickering
Summary: In this study, the effectiveness of two fusion proteins containing factor H regulatory domains in treating C3 glomerulopathy was assessed. The results showed that both proteins successfully restored circulating alternative pathway activity and reduced glomerular C3 deposition in factor H-deficient mice, indicating a potential therapeutic option for this disease.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Saborni Chakraborty, Joseph C. Gonzalez, Benjamin L. Sievers, Vamsee Mallajosyula, Srijoni Chakraborty, Megha Dubey, Usama Ashraf, Bowie Yik-Ling Cheng, Nimish Kathale, Kim Quyen Thi Tran, Courtney Scallan, Aanika Sinnott, Arianna Cassidy, Steven T. Chen, Terri Gelbart, Fei Gao, Yarden Golan, Xuhuai Ji, Seunghee Kim-Schulze, Mary Prahl, Stephanie L. Gaw, Sacha Gnjatic, Thomas U. Marron, Miriam Merad, Prabhu S. Arunachalam, Scott D. Boyd, Mark M. Davis, Marisa Holubar, Chaitan Khosla, Holden T. Maecker, Yvonne Maldonado, Elizabeth D. Mellins, Kari C. Nadeau, Bali Pulendran, Upinder Singh, Aruna Subramanian, Paul J. Utz, Robert Sherwood, Sheng Zhang, Prasanna Jagannathan, Gene S. Tan, Taia T. Wang
Summary: A damaging inflammatory response in severe COVID-19 is associated with early non-neutralizing, afucosylated IgG antibodies specific to SARS-CoV-2. Human IgG-Fc-gamma receptor interactions regulate inflammation in the lung, and antibodies elicited by mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have reduced inflammatory potential.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Benjamin L. Sievers, Saborni Chakraborty, Yong Xue, Terri Gelbart, Joseph C. Gonzalez, Arianna G. Cassidy, Yarden Golan, Mary Prahl, Stephanie L. Gaw, Prabhu S. Arunachalam, Catherine A. Blish, Scott D. Boyd, Mark M. Davis, Prasanna Jagannathan, Kari C. Nadeau, Bali Pulendran, Upinder Singh, Richard H. Scheuermann, Matthew B. Frieman, Sanjay Vashee, Taia T. Wang, Gene S. Tan
Summary: This study demonstrates that the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is the most resistant to neutralization, and antibody responses may be reduced in vaccinated pregnant women, highlighting the need to maximize vaccine responses in this population.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Mark A. Robinson, Matthew C. Davis, Kerrie L. Unsworth
Summary: This study examines the impact of the gap between supporters' expectations and teams' achievements on supporters' wellbeing and the moderating effect of social identity. It finds that satisfaction increases when team achievements exceed expectations, decreases when they fail to meet expectations, and lowering expectations can also increase satisfaction, especially for supporters strongly identifying with their teams. The study highlights the importance of managing expectations and the role of social identity in shaping supporters' satisfaction.
EUROPEAN SPORT MANAGEMENT QUARTERLY
(2023)
Article
Industrial Relations & Labor
Donella Caspersz, Holly Cullen, Matthew C. Davis, Deepti Jog, Fiona McGaughey, Divya Singhal, Mark Sumner, Hinrich Voss
Summary: Modern slavery refers to severe forms of labor exploitation, including forced labor and debt bondage. The combination of complexity, appropriation arrangements, and obligation cascades in global value chains creates an environment where modern slavery can evolve and thrive, and external factors can moderate or amplify these effects.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
(2022)
Article
Business
Fiona McGaughey, Hinrich Voss, Holly Cullen, Matthew C. Davis
Summary: The global focus on the business and human rights agenda is increasing, particularly evidenced through recent legislative responses to combat modern slavery. The French 'duty of vigilance' law has a broader scope, including responsibilities related to human rights and fundamental freedoms, health and safety, and environmental protection. Companies tend to adopt simpler measures like implementing policies and providing training, rather than resource-intensive activities like audits.
BUSINESS AND HUMAN RIGHTS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Roshni Roy Chowdhury, Jessica D'Addabbo, Xianxi Huang, Stefan Veizades, Koki Sasagawa, David M. Louis, Paul Cheng, Jan Sokol, Annie Jensen, Alexandria Tso, Vishnu Shankar, Ben Shogo Wendel, Isaac Bakerman, Grace Liang, Tiffany Koyano, Robyn Fong, Allison N. Nau, Herra Ahmad, Jayakrishnan Gopakumar, Robert Wirka, Andrew S. Lee, Jack Boyd, Y. Joseph Woo, Thomas Quertermous, Gunsagar Singh Gulati, Siddhartha Jaiswal, Yueh-Hsiu Chien, Charles Kwok Fai Chan, Mark M. Davis, Patricia K. Nguyen
Summary: The immune microenvironment of human coronary atherosclerotic plaque was investigated using single-cell technology and in vitro assays. The study found a high proportion of αβT cells, which were primarily antigen-experienced memory cells and expressed an activation marker, HLA-DRA.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jing Li, Maxim Zaslavsky, Yapeng Su, Jing Guo, Michael J. Sikora, Vincent van Unen, Asbjorn Christophersen, Shin-Heng Chiou, Liang Chen, Jiefu Li, Xuhuai Ji, Julie Wilhelmy, Alana M. McSween, Brad A. Palanski, Venkata Vamsee Aditya Mallajosyula, Nathan A. Bracey, Gopal Krishna R. Dhondalay, Kartik Bhamidipati, Joy Pai, Lucas B. Kipp, Jeffrey E. Dunn, Stephen L. Hauser, Jorge R. Oksenberg, Ansuman T. Satpathy, William H. Robinson, Cornelia L. Dekker, Lars M. Steinmetz, Chaitan Khosla, Paul J. Utz, Ludvig M. Sollid, Yueh-Hsiu Chien, James R. Heath, Nielsen Q. Fernandez-Becker, Kari C. Nadeau, Naresha Saligrama, Mark M. Davis
Summary: The study reveals that CD8(+) T cells expressing inhibitory receptors play a regulatory role in immune responses in both humans and mice, and their increased presence is observed in various autoimmune diseases and COVID-19 patients. The findings suggest that these regulatory CD8(+) T cells are involved in suppressing pathogenic T cells in autoimmune and infectious diseases.
Review
Immunology
Kwat Medetgul-Ernar, Mark M. Davis
Summary: In recent years, studies have shown that inbred mice have limitations in providing information about genetic heterogeneity and microbial influences in the immune system. However, human studies have filled these gaps and provided direct information about human diseases and vaccination responses, offering important insights in immunology.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Simon E. Kolstoe, P. Affleck, J. Cons, M. C. Davis
BMJ MILITARY HEALTH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Mark M. Davis
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Benjamin Ober-Reynolds, Chen Wang, Justin M. Ko, Eon J. Rios, Sumaira Z. Aasi, Mark M. Davis, Anthony E. Oro, William J. Greenleaf
Summary: Single-cell RNA- and ATAC-seq analysis of human scalp biopsies identified the regulatory programs of different cell types, which were integrated with genome-wide association studies to explore the genetic basis of hair and skin diseases. This study provides valuable insights into the gene-regulatory networks in relevant cell types, contributing to the identification of causal variants and potential therapeutic targets.
Editorial Material
Business
Divya Singhal, Matthew C. Davis, Hinrich Voss
Summary: Business school education should instill epistemic humility through reflexivity, sensitizing students to their communities and equipping them to tackle the challenges presented by the Sustainable Development Goals.
BUSINESS & SOCIETY
(2023)
