Article
Neurosciences
Mahmoud Hazime, Michael Alasoadura, Rhita Lamtahri, Pascale Quilichini, Jerome Leprince, David Vaudry, Julien Chuquet
Summary: After an ischemic stroke, intense synaptic reorganization occurs in the peri-infarct area to regain lost functions. Brain oscillations, such as delta and theta waves, play a crucial role in organizing information processing and plasticity. Studies have shown that low gamma oscillations decrease in power towards the lesion border, highlighting the potential for therapeutic interventions to correct oscillatory patterns in the peri-infarct cortex for improved post-stroke recovery.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Mustafa C. Beker, Mahmud E. Pence, Sumeyya Yagmur, Berrak Caglayan, Aysun Caglayan, Ulkan Kilic, Hayriye E. Yelkenci, Mehmet O. Altintas, Ahmet B. Caglayan, Thorsten R. Doeppner, Dirk M. Hermann, Ertugrul Kilic
Summary: Deactivation of phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) dose-dependently increases neuronal survival, angiogenesis, and neurogenesis in the peri-infarct striatum, reduces astroglial scar formation and brain atrophy, and enhances motor-coordination recovery and neuronal plasticity.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yudi Li, Hanzhao Li, Yang Luo, Xiaoqiang Li, Zhefeng Chen, Wanzhou Zhang, Fangming Li, Li Ling
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the functional effects of m(6)A modifications on circRNAs by establishing a mouse model of distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). They found that the mRNA expression levels of m(6)A-related genes varied at different time points, and identified methylated circRNAs. Functional analysis of differentially m(6)A-modified circRNAs revealed some circRNAs associated with cerebral infarction.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stefan Milde, Guy C. Brown
Summary: This study suggests that microglial phagocytosis of stressed neurons mediated by P2Y(6) receptor plays a role in the delayed neuronal loss after stroke, and targeting the P2Y(6) receptor could potentially prevent peri-infarct neuronal loss.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Nick Kastenholz, Murad Megjhani, Catharina Conzen-Dilger, Walid Albanna, Michael Veldeman, Daniel Nametz, Soon Bin Kwon, Henna Schulze-Steinen, Hani Ridwan, Hans Clusmann, Gerrit Alexander Schubert, Soojin Park, Miriam Weiss
Summary: The study suggests that patients with delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage may have impaired cerebral autoregulation. The Pressure Reactivity Index (PRx) and Oxygen Reactivity Index (ORx) are two different measures of autoregulation, with ORx being more sensitive in detecting local perfusion disturbances.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Iris Muehlen, Maximilian Sprugel, Philip Hoelter, Stefan Hock, Michael Knott, Hagen B. Huttner, Stefan Schwab, Bernd Kallmunzer, Arnd Doerfler
Summary: This study evaluated two commonly used automated computed tomography perfusion software applications and found that by adjusting the relative cerebral blood flow thresholds, comparable results with reliable information on the follow-up infarct volume after complete recanalization can be obtained. Keeping the software specific default settings means being more inclusive in patient selection but sacrificing the highest possible accuracy in the estimation of the infarct volume.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zelong Zheng, Zhenyu Li, Jianping Lv
Summary: This study suggests that the loss of Kir6.1 channels facilitates the induction of PIDs in focal cerebral ischemia, indicating a potential protective role of Kir6.1-forming channels against PIDs.
NEUROLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Oak Z. Chi, Xia Liu, Jedrick Magsino, Harvey R. Weiss
Summary: The study suggests that leucine may offer neuroprotection by reducing blood-brain barrier disruption during early ischemia-reperfusion. However, leucine did not further affect the phosphorylation of S6 and Akt during this phase.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Liebiao Peng, Rongfei Wang
Summary: This study investigates the mechanism of cerebral edema in patients with cerebral infarction after reperfusion, providing a new perspective for understanding the impact of reperfusion on cerebral infarction. After reperfusion occurs in the infarct, the process of cerebral edema accelerates significantly, potentially causing more severe brain damage.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ostini Alessandro, Warschkow Rene, Wolf Stefan, Filipovic Miodrag, Seule Martin, Bozinov Oliver, Pietsch Urs
Summary: This study found that early elevated CRP levels in aSAH patients are associated with worse neurological outcomes and may serve as a useful marker for deterioration following aSAH.
ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David Schumacher, Elisa A. Liehn, Anjana Singh, Adelina Curaj, Erwin Wijnands, Sergio A. Lira, Frank Tacke, Joachim Jankowski, Erik A. L. Biessen, Emiel P. C. van der Vorst
Summary: The study found that CCR6 plays an important role in ischemia-reperfusion injury after acute myocardial infarction, exerting protective effects on the heart through bone marrow cells. Increasing CCR6-dependent immune mechanisms may represent an interesting therapeutic target for cardiac damage and inflammation.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zhijuan Cao, Sean S. Harvey, Terrance Chiang, Aulden G. Foltz, Alex G. Lee, Michelle Y. Cheng, Gary K. Steinberg
Summary: This study investigated the spatiotemporal changes in the secondary degenerative thalamus post-stroke, revealing early microglial activation and later neurodegeneration. Transcriptome analysis at PD28 showed a higher number of differentially expressed genes in the thalamus, with neuroinflammation being the top activated pathway and microglia the most enriched cell type. Additionally, a unique subtype of microglia (CD11c(+)) with features of neurodegenerative disease-associated microglia was identified in the degenerative thalamus after stroke.
Article
Pathology
Neil A. Nadkarni, Erika Arias, Raymond Fang, Maureen E. Haynes, Hao F. Zhang, William A. Muller, Ayush Batra, David P. Sullivant
Summary: The infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/RI) is considered a critical component of inflammatory damage following ischemic stroke. Blocking platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM) can alter the distribution of PMNs, reduce infarct volume, and suggest the potential therapeutic benefit of regulating the timing and pattern of leukocyte infiltration.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yajin Yuan, Lijun Liu, Yao Du, Ruoxi Fan, Rongping Zhang, Ningna Zhou
Summary: p-HBA promotes astrocyte-to-neuron conversion and angiogenesis, protecting the structure of the neurovascular unit and alleviating motor impairment in a rat model of cerebral ischemia. This conversion pattern ensures the stability of brain structure and preserves the beneficial role of glial scar in the subacute phase.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gab Seok Kim, Jessica M. Stephenson, Abdullah Al Mamun, Ting Wu, Monica G. Goss, Jia-Wei Min, Jun Li, Fudong Liu, Sean P. Marrelli
Summary: The study found that secondary gliosis and neuronal loss occur in the thalamus following cortical stroke, with aging mice showing reduced gliosis, and NMDA receptor antagonism significantly reducing thalamic gliosis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rebeca Lapresa, Jesus Agulla, Sonia Gonzalez-Guerrero, Juan P. Bolanos, Angeles Almeida
Summary: This study found that oligomers of the amyloidogenic fragment 25-35 of the A beta peptide trigger Rock2 accumulation and activation. The activation of Rock2 is caused by the inactivation of Cdh1 through the Cdk5-Cdh1 signaling pathway. Inhibition of Rock2 activity rescues neuronal apoptosis and memory impairment caused by A beta 25-35 administration. This mechanism may contribute to neurodegeneration and memory loss in Alzheimer's disease.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Jose Dopico, Joao Botelho, Alberto Ouro, Clara Dominguez, Vanessa Machado, Marta Aramburu-Nunez, Antia Custodia, Teresa Blanco, Maria Vazquez-Reza, Daniel Romaus-Sanjurjo, Juan Blanco, Rogelio Leira, Tomas Sobrino, Yago Leira
Summary: This study found that patients with periodontitis had higher expression of TLRs, cFN, and IL-6, which were associated with the occurrence of periodontitis.
JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joao Victor Cabral-Costa, Carlos Vicente-Gutierrez, Jesus Agulla, Rebeca Lapresa, John W. Elrod, Angeles Almeida, Juan P. Bolanos, Alicia J. Kowaltowski
Summary: Intracellular Ca2+ concentrations are regulated by plasma membrane transporters, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria. The mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex (MCUc) mediates Ca2+ uptake, while the mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCLX) facilitates Ca2+ efflux. The Nclx transcript is highly expressed in astrocytes compared to neurons. Inhibiting NCLX in mouse primary culture astrocytes resulted in altered Ca2+ signaling and increased glycolytic flux. Genetic deletion of NCLX in hippocampal astrocytes improved cognitive performance, while deletion in hippocampal neurons impaired cognition.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Artur Filipe Rodrigues, Ana P. M. Tavares, Susana Simoes, Rui P. F. F. Silva, Tomas Sobrino, Bruno R. Figueiredo, Goreti Sales, Lino Ferreira
Summary: Graphene-based materials (GBMs) have been explored for developing flexible interfaces to treat neurological disorders by improving brain function and tissue regeneration through electrical stimulation. Recent findings of GBM electrodes generating electrical response under light exposure have inspired the development of non-genetic approaches, such as optogenetics, to selectively modulate brain cells. In this study, graphene was conjugated with upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) to enable wireless transcranial activation using near-infrared (NIR) radiation. The optimized UCNP formulations attached to graphene nanoplatelets showed enhanced electrical conductivity upon NIR activation, promoting cell proliferation and downregulating neuronal and glial differentiation markers in human neuroblastoma cells.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Daniel Romaus-Sanjurjo, Antia Custodia, Alberto Ouro, Tomas Sobrino
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Luz Alonso-Alonso, Ana Sampedro-Viana, Manuel Rodriguez-Yanez, Iria Lopez-Dequidt, Jose M. Pumar, Antonio J. Mosqueira, Sabela Fernandez-Rodicio, Marcos Bazarra-Barreiros, Tomas Sobrino, Francisco Campos, Jose Castillo, Pablo Hervella, Ramon Iglesias-Rey
Summary: The circadian system has an influence on body temperature and stroke onset. This study explores the impact of temperature chronobiology on stroke onset and functional outcomes, as well as the variation of blood biomarkers based on stroke onset time.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Mattia Gallizioli, Maria Arbaizar-Rovirosa, David Brea, Anna M. Planas
Summary: Aging is associated with progressive changes in cellular and tissue functions, particularly through the vascular and immune systems. These changes increase the risk and worsen the outcome of stroke. The hallmarks of aging, such as chronic inflammation and immunometabolic disturbances, are also involved in the cerebral response to stroke. Aging reduces the ability to control these responses, leading to increased inflammation, metabolic dysregulation, and impaired waste disposal. Additionally, aging-related diseases and alterations in gut microbiota composition further exacerbate these effects and increase the risk of post-stroke infection. Advances in aging research may offer potential strategies to improve stroke outcomes in the elderly.
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOPATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lucia Cardo, Lydia Martinez-Parra, Michele Cesco, Begona M. Echeverria-Beistegui, Marta Martinez-Moro, Natalia Herrero-Avarez, Marta-Beraza Cabrerizo, Susana Carregal-Romero, Pedro Ramos-Cabrer, Jesus Ruiz-Cabello, Maurizio Prato
Summary: Carbon Dots (CDs) are luminescent quasi-spherical nanoparticles with various applications. New gadolinium-doped CDs, Gd@CNDs, are presented as multifunctional probes for MRI. These Gd@CNDs show good homogeneity, stability, and biocompatibility, making them potential candidates for both MR and fluorescence imaging.
Review
Cell Biology
Antia Custodia, Marta Aramburu-Nunez, Marina Rodriguez-Arrizabalaga, Juan Manuel Pias-Peleteiro, Laura Vazquez-Vazquez, Javier Camino-Castineiras, Jose Manuel Aldrey, Jose Castillo, Alberto Ouro, Tomas Sobrino, Daniel Romaus-Sanjurjo
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common degenerative disorder in developed countries among the elderly, and growing evidence suggests that endothelial dysfunction plays a key role in the cognitive decline associated with AD. Dysfunction of endothelial cells, which are a crucial component of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), allows the passage of toxic substances to the brain, resulting in chronic hypoperfusion and an inflammatory response. This disruption of the BBB, along with astrogliosis, leads to neuronal degeneration and may contribute to cognitive deterioration. New molecules have been identified as potential early biomarkers for endothelial dysfunction, providing new therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers for AD.
Article
Cell Biology
Susanna Kemppainen, Nadine Huber, Roosa-Maria Willman, Ana Zamora, Petra Makinen, Henna Martiskainen, Mari Takalo, Annakaisa Haapasalo, Tomas Sobrino, Manuel Antonio Gonzalez Gomez, Yolanda Pineiro, Jose Rivas, Uwe Himmelreich, Mikko Hiltunen
Summary: Organotypic slice culture models, especially those derived from adult tissue, provide a valuable tool for studying neurodegenerative diseases such as tauopathies. In this study, hippocampal slice cultures from adult transgenic mice were used to investigate the effects of a novel antibody on hyperphosphorylated TAU. The adult-originating slices retained key cellular components and exhibited tau pathology, making them a suitable model for studying TAU pathology in the adult brain without the interference of the blood-brain barrier.
Editorial Material
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Pedro Ramos-Cabrer, Jesus Ruiz-Cabello
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Lucia Gandarias, Elizabeth M. Jefremovas, David Gandia, Lourdes Marcano, Virginia Martinez-Martinez, Pedro Ramos-Cabrer, Daniel M. Chevrier, Sergio Valencia, Luis Fernandez Barquin, M. Luisa Fdez-Gubieda, Javier Alonso, Ana Garcia-Prieto, Alicia Muela
Summary: Magnetotactic bacteria are potential theranostic agents due to their magnetic compass, specificity to chemical environments, and natural motility, which enable them to function as nanorobots. They can be tracked and guided to specific regions in the body and activated to generate a therapeutic response.
MATERIALS TODAY BIO
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
David Brea
Summary: This article discusses the impact of stroke on the immune system, highlighting the initial inflammatory response followed by subsequent immunosuppression, which significantly affects patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Brenda Morant-Ferrando, Daniel Jimenez-Blasco, Paula Alonso-Batan, Jesus Agulla, Rebeca Lapresa, Dario Garcia-Rodriguez, Sara Yunta-Sanchez, Irene Lopez-Fabuel, Emilio Fernandez, Peter Carmeliet, Angeles Almeida, Marina Garcia-Macia, Juan P. P. Bolanos
Summary: Astrocytes, a type of glial cells in the brain, primarily rely on glycolysis for energy production, indicating glucose as their main metabolic precursor. However, recent studies have shown that astrocytes also have the ability to metabolize fatty acids, and this metabolic pathway may play a role in preserving mitochondrial function and cognitive performance.
Article
Neurosciences
Monica M. Santisteban, Samantha Schaeffer, Antoine Anfray, Giuseppe Faraco, David Brea, Gang Wang, Melissa J. Sobanko, Rose Sciortino, Gianfranco Racchumi, Ari Waisman, Laibaik Park, Josef Anrather, Costantino Iadecola
Summary: This study reveals the critical role of meningeal T cells and macrophage IL-17 signaling in the neurovascular and cognitive dysfunction in a mouse model of hypertension.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)