Editorial Material
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Marcel G. M. Olde Rikkert, Rene J. F. Melis, Alan A. Cohen, G. M. E. E. (Geeske) Peeters
Summary: Clinical reasoning and research in modern geriatrics often prioritize the disease concept. However, the disease framework fails to explain the root causes of age-related chronic diseases and the variability in illness presentations. Applying the underused illness concept and complex system thinking can offer new routes for prognosis and treatment, as well as improve treatment targets for older individuals.
Review
Plant Sciences
Itzell E. Hernandez-Sanchez, Israel Maruri Lopez, Coral Martinez-Martinez, Brett Janis, Juan Francisco Jimenez-Bremont, Alejandra A. Covarrubias, Michael A. Menze, Steffen P. Graether, Anja Thalhammer
Summary: This review summarizes the physiological roles and potential molecular functions of late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins in plants and other organisms. The structure-function relationship of LEA proteins, including their state in solution, self-assembly, and liquid-liquid phase separation, is also discussed. Furthermore, the promising potential of LEA proteins in biotechnological and agronomic applications is highlighted.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Enrico Luchinat, Matteo Cremonini, Lucia Banci
Summary: Understanding the complex processes that keep cells and organisms alive is essential for comprehending diseases and developing new drugs. Solution NMR is a key technique to investigate the structure and dynamic behavior of biological macromolecules within living cells at high resolution.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Enrico Luchinat, Matteo Cremonini, Lucia Banci
Summary: A detailed understanding of the complex processes that contribute to the functionality of cells and organisms is crucial for disease comprehension and drug development. Among the available structural techniques, solution NMR is the only method capable of investigating macromolecular structures and dynamic behaviors directly within living cells. Over the past 20 years, in-cell NMR has emerged as a powerful tool, allowing researchers to study cell samples, isotopic labeling, and bioreactor devices, thus enhancing the lifetime of cells for real-time monitoring of intracellular metabolites and proteins.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Amanda Ricciuto, Binita M. Kamath, Gideon M. Hirschfield, Palak J. Trivedi
Summary: Autoimmune liver diseases are classified into three syndromes, but they are challenging due to variant presentations and lack of definable disease aetiologies. This article argues that "autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis" and "PSC/AIH-overlap" in young patients represent inflammatory phases of primary sclerosing cholangitis and should be considered as the same entity to facilitate unified care and collaborative studies.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dandan Qian, Ye Cong, Runhao Wang, Quan Chen, Chuangye Yan, Deshun Gong
Summary: This study presents the cryo-electron microscopy structures of human SIDT2, which forms a dimer and acts as a transporter rather than a channel. Additionally, it exhibits ceramidase activity. These findings enhance our understanding of the structure-function relationships in the SID1 family proteins.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Emily E. N. Miller, Kathryn E. Edin
Summary: The study examines the transition into adulthood in a poor, white, rural community in Appalachia. The young adults in this community face persistent poverty, economic decline, an ongoing opioid crisis, and strong community norms influenced by religious institutions. While marriage and childbearing occur early, markers of adulthood such as stable employment, education pursuit, and leaving the parental home are often delayed for low-income young adults compared to their middle-class peers in the same community.
RSF-THE RUSSELL SAGE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zuoneng Wang, Qingyang Zhang, Carsten Mim
Summary: Cryo electron microscopy has become the most important method in structural biology, with single particle analysis and electron tomography being the main approaches, while sub-tomogram averaging has matured. Current resolution ranges from 2 to 5 angstrom, showing promise for future developments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Min Zhu, Li Ting Song, Rui Rui Liu, Hong Lin Zhai, Ya Jie Meng, Cui Ling Ren
Summary: The study elucidated the selective inhibition mechanism of nitroxoline on BET family proteins, showing higher selectivity due to cavity volume and changes in conserved residues. By introducing heteroatom conjugated pyridine-like moiety and strong electron-withdrawing nitro-like moiety, the inhibitor activity could be improved for designing more effective BET inhibitors in future.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alan A. Aragon, Kevin D. Tipton, Brad J. Schoenfeld
Summary: Age-related loss of muscle mass, strength, and performance, referred to as sarcopenia, has detrimental effects on human health. Intervention strategies combining exercise and nutrition have been proposed, but age-related blunting of muscle protein synthesis can hinder their efficacy. Multiple mechanisms, including reduced molecular signaling activity, insulin-mediated capillary recruitment, and increased splanchnic retention of amino acids, contribute to anabolic resistance. Obesity and sedentarism can worsen anabolic resistance through insulin resistance and inflammation. This review discusses key factors and proposes practical dietary interventions to prevent and mitigate anabolic resistance.
Article
Agronomy
Zhe Chen, Yiting Shi, Dongdong Wang, Xiaoyu Liu, Xuyao Jiao, Xiang Gao, Kun Jiang
Summary: This study elucidated the structure of monomeric Sip1Ab using X-ray crystallography. The results revealed that Sip1Ab has the three domains and conserved fold characteristic of other aerolysin-like beta-pore-forming toxins. Based on the sequence and structural similarities, the mechanism of these proteins was proposed to be common.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Zhigang Li, Qingyu Guo, Jiaxin Zhang, Zitong Fu, Yifei Wang, Tianzhen Wang, Jing Tang
Summary: RBM proteins play crucial roles in cancers, including involvement in cancer occurrence, cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. Understanding the mechanisms of these proteins in tumorigenesis and development is essential for identifying new therapeutic targets and prognostic markers.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fernando Orti, Alvaro M. Navarro, Andres Rabinovich, Shoshana J. Wodak, Cristina Marino-Buslje
Summary: Attention has been focused on membraneless organelles (MLO) formed by proteins in recent years due to their dynamic exchange with the cellular milieu. Dysregulation of liquid-liquid phase separation processes (LLPS) may lead to various diseases. Four recently published databases provide valuable information on MLO proteins, enabling better understanding of phase separation and the discovery of potential new proteins involved in this important cellular process.
COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Daniel Hess, Anja Holzhausen, Wolfgang R. Hess
Summary: This study provides a first insight into the transcriptome composition of Chara nodal cells through the comparison of transcriptome data. The results show that many signaling-related genes and genes encoding sugar-metabolizing enzymes are expressed at a higher level in the nodal cell sample, while genes related to photosynthesis and chloroplast are expressed at a comparatively lower level.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Mohammad Neamul Kabir, Limsoon Wong
Summary: This study presents a novel method called EnsembleFam that aims to improve function prediction for proteins in the twilight zone. By extracting core characteristics and using SVM classifiers, EnsembleFam achieves better accuracy in identifying proteins with low sequence homology compared to existing methods.
BMC BIOINFORMATICS
(2022)