期刊
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 463, 期 -, 页码 802-809出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.06.026
关键词
Estrogenic steroid; Humic acid; Nitrate Fe(III)-oxalate; Photodegradation; Hydroxyl radicals
资金
- US National Science Foundation [OCE 0752033]
- US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
- US Geological Survey (USGS)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21007018]
The photochemical behavior of a natural estrogen estriol (E3) was investigated in the presence of the natural photoreactive constituents including nitrate, iron(III), and humic acid (HA). The direct photodegradation of E3 increased with increasing incident light intensity, decreasing initial concentration of E3 and increasing pH in the range of 6.0 to 10.0. The direct photodegradation of the deprotonated speciation of E3 was much faster than that of its protonated form. The presence of NO3- and iron(III) promoted the photochemical loss of E3 in the aqueous solutions. The quenching experiments verified that hydroxyl radicals were predominantly responsible for the indirect photodegradation of E3. HA could act as photosensitizer, light screening agent and free radical quencher. For the first time, the enhancement or inhibition effect of HA on photodegradation was found to depend on the irradiation light intensity. HA enhanced the photodegradation of E3 under sunlight or weak irradiation of simulated sunlight. In contrast, under high irradiation light intensity, HA inhibited the photodegradation. The hydroxylation photoproducts were identified using GC-MS and the photodegradation pathway of E3 was proposed. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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