期刊
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 452, 期 -, 页码 137-147出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.059
关键词
beta-Blockers; Ferrate advanced oxidation; Hospital wastewater; Degradation pathways; Response surface methodology
资金
- CAPES Foundation - Ministry of Education of Brazil [BEX 2573/08-3]
- German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) [A/08/71780]
- Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [27 303024/2009-7]
- Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research of the Arab Republic of Egypt (MHESR)
- DAAD
This study investigated the degradation of atenolol, metoprolol and propranolol beta-blockers by ferrate (K2FeO4) in hospital wastewater and in aqueous solution. In the case of hospital wastewater, the effect of the independent variables pH and [Fe(VI)] was evaluated by means of response surface methodology. The results showed that Fe(VI) plays an important role in the oxidation-coagulation process, and the treatment of the hospital wastewater led to degradations above 90% for all the three beta-blockers, and to reductions of aromaticity that were close to 60%. In addition, only 17% of the organic load was removed. In aqueous solution, the degradation of the beta-blockers atenolol, metoprolol and propranolol was 71.7%, 24.7% and 96.5%, respectively, when a ratio of 1:10 [beta-blocker]:[Fe(VI)] was used. No mineralization was achieved, which suggests that there was a conversion of the beta-blockers to degradation products identified by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry tandem. Degradation pathways were proposed, which took account of the role of Fe(VI). Furthermore, the ready biodegradability of the post-process samples was evaluated by using the closed bottle test, and showed an increase in biodegradability. The use of the ferrate advanced oxidation technology seems to be a useful means of ensuring the remediation of hospital and similar wastewater. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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