Article
Environmental Sciences
Elizabeth C. Lowe, Rochelle Steven, Rebecca L. Morris, Kirsten M. Parris, Axton C. Aguiar, Cameron E. Webb, Ana B. Bugnot, Katherine A. Dafforn, Rod M. Connolly, Mariana Mayer Pinto
Summary: This study highlights the synergies and trade-offs among ecosystem services provided by terrestrial, freshwater, and marine realms in urban environments. It offers a framework for collaborative research and management to improve current practices and achieve strategic allocation of resources, protection of urban natural resources, and improved environmental regulation with broad public support.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Friedrich A. Burger, Jens Terhaar, Thomas L. Frolicher
Summary: This study shows that compound marine heatwave and ocean acidity extreme events have larger impacts on marine ecosystems than individual extremes. The likelihood of these compound events is higher in the subtropics and lower in the equatorial Pacific and mid-to-high latitudes. Climate change will increase the occurrence of compound events, leading to potentially severe impacts on marine ecosystems.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shangrong Lin, Zhongmin Hu, Yingping Wang, Xiuzhi Chen, Bin He, Zhaoliang Song, Shaobo Sun, Chaoyang Wu, Yi Zheng, Xiaosheng Xia, Liyang Liu, Jing Tang, Qing Sun, Fortunat Joos, Wenping Yuan
Summary: This study found that current TEMs substantially underestimate the interannual variability (IAV) of GPP, especially in nonforest ecosystem types. One possible cause is that the models underestimate the changes of canopy physiology responding to climate change. The differences between the simulated and observed interannual variations of leaf area index (LAI) also contribute to the underestimation of IAV.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Di Sun, Furong Li, Zhao Jing, Shijian Hu, Bohai Zhang
Summary: Marine heatwaves, extreme warm water events, are found to have only about half of the events with continuous surface signals, while around one-third always reside in the subsurface ocean without any imprint on sea surface temperature. The number of subsurface marine heatwave events has significantly increased in response to subsurface mean-state warming during the past three decades, indicating the limitation of identifying marine heatwaves solely based on sea surface temperature.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kathryn J. Allen, Danielle C. Verdon-Kidd, James Z. Sippo, Patrick J. Baker
Summary: The study examines the widespread mangrove dieback in 2015-16 and recent inland native forest dieback events in 2020 in northern Australia, finding connections to similar antecedent climate conditions in the past centuries. However, the unprecedented rising sea levels and wetting trend over the past 30 years are highlighted as key factors leading to these events.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
William W. L. Cheung, Thomas L. Frolicher, Vicky W. Y. Lam, Muhammed A. Oyinlola, Gabriel Reygondeau, U. Rashid Sumaila, Travis C. Tai, Lydia C. L. Teh, Colette C. C. Wabnitz
Summary: This study examines the impacts of extreme temperature events in ocean basins over the past two decades on marine biodiversity, ecosystem functions, and fisheries. Projections suggest that high temperature extremes will worsen the already significant losses in fish stocks and fisheries revenue caused by climate change, affecting the livelihoods of maritime countries.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marco Carrer, Raffaella Dibona, Angela Luisa Prendin, Michele Brunetti
Summary: Snow cover in high-latitude and high-altitude regions affects the Earth's climate, environmental processes, and socio-economic activities. The Alps have experienced a 5.6% reduction per decade in snow cover duration over the last 50 years, significantly impacting a region where winter is economically and culturally important.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Madhav P. Thakur, Anita C. Risch, Wim H. van der Putten
Summary: Anthropogenic climate change is causing an increase in climate extremes, which have detrimental effects on biodiversity. However, certain organisms may also benefit from climate extremes. A review of 16 major taxonomic/functional groups reveals that most groups respond negatively to extreme events, with mosses, legumes, trees, and vertebrate predators being the most negatively affected. Additionally, predicting ecological recovery after climate extremes is challenging and requires considering the characteristics of the recovering species, resource availability, and species interactions.
Article
Ecology
Natacha Le Grix, Jakob Zscheischler, Charlotte Laufkoetter, Cecile S. Rousseaux, Thomas L. Froelicher
Summary: Extreme events in the ocean, such as compound marine heatwaves and low-chlorophyll events, have been assessed using satellite data. Hotspots of these compound events have been identified in various regions, with their occurrence influenced by natural climate variability like El Nino-Southern Oscillation. Further research is needed to understand the exact physical and biological drivers of these events and how they may evolve under global warming.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Qiaojun Chen, Delei Li, Jianlong Feng, Liang Zhao, Jifeng Qi, Baoshu Yin
Summary: The western Pacific Ocean is highly vulnerable to climate change and serves as a global center for marine biodiversity. Understanding the spatial and temporal characteristics of compound marine heatwaves and low-chlorophyll extreme events is crucial for the conservation and management of marine organisms and ecosystems. The study finds that the South China Sea and Indonesian Seas are hotspots for compound events, with increasing frequency, intensity, and duration. Additionally, large-scale climate modes significantly influence the occurrence of these extreme events.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jinwen Liu, David W. Matolak, Ismail Guvenc, Hani Mehrpouyan
Summary: Accurate prediction and modeling of tropospheric attenuation is crucial for reliable mmWave communication. This paper analyzes tropospheric attenuation statistics using local precipitation data and compares the results with the use of ITU regional input rain data. The findings suggest that actual tropospheric attenuations may be substantially larger than predicted by the ITU model when using regional rain rate data.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jianji Liao, Dian Zhang, Shangke Su, Shanshan Liang, Jianguo Du, Weiwei Yu, Zhiyuan Ma, Bin Chen, Wenjia Hu
Summary: Assessment and mapping of coastal habitat quality are critical for integrated coastal zone management. This study proposes a novel framework that integrates an ecosystem service assessment model and global ecosystem classification to predict habitat quality across land and sea. The study identifies multiple threats to coastal habitats and reveals a strong correlation between threat intensity and habitat quality changes. It also highlights the potential benefits of coastal management policies on different habitat types.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Francesca Verones, Koen Kuipers, Montserrat Nunez, Francesca Rosa, Laura Scherer, Alexandra Marques, Ottar Michelsen, Valerio Barbarossa, Benjamin Jaffe, Stephan Pfister, Martin Dorber
Summary: Human activities have a significant impact on the natural environment, and the Life Cycle Assessment methodology is being used to assess the environmental impacts of products and processes on various ecosystems. The Global Life Cycle Impact Assessment Method project aims to improve the consistency and comparability of impact assessment models and highlight the importance of considering the scale of impacts, such as local species losses versus global species extinctions. The new approach presented in this study provides a scaling factor called Global Extinction Probability, which can be used to quantify the biodiversity impacts across different spatial scales and improve decision-making processes.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Athanasios Paschalis, Martin G. De Kauwe, Manon Sabot, Simone Fatichi
Summary: In this study, the significance of plant hydraulics to ecosystem functioning is explored through the introduction of four different versions of plant hydraulics representations. The results show that plant water storage and long-term xylem damage can modulate overall water and carbon dynamics. However, when considering ecosystem responses to climate variability, plant hydraulic modules alone do not significantly improve model performance, suggesting the need for further integration with other ecosystem processes.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Yafei Huang, Weihong He, Wei Liao, Yongbiao Wang, Zhixing Yi, Hao Yang, Guoshan Li
Summary: The destruction of terrestrial and marine ecosystems generally shows a rapid extinction process, but the relationship between the two collapses is still unclear. The terrestrial input from land to marine system plays an important link between them.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Henri E. Cuny, Patrick Fonti, Cyrille B. K. Rathgeber, Georg von Arx, Richard L. Peters, David C. Frank
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2019)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
David W. Stahle, Edward R. Cook, Dorian J. Burnette, Max C. A. Torbenson, Ian M. Howard, Daniel Griffin, Jose Villanueva Diaz, Benjamin Cook, A. Park Williams, Emma Watson, David J. Sauchyn, Neil Pederson, Connie A. Woodhouse, Gregory T. Pederson, David Meko, Bethany Coulthard, Christopher J. Crawford
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2020)
Article
Plant Sciences
Richard L. Peters, Kathy Steppe, Henri E. Cuny, Dirk J. W. De Pauw, David C. Frank, Marcus Schaub, Cyrille B. K. Rathgeber, Antoine Cabon, Patrick Fonti
Summary: Wood formation processes are strongly influenced by environmental factors, with warmer and drier summers reducing growth rates. Turgor-driven growth should be considered in global vegetation models to accurately represent forest carbon sinks.
Review
Plant Sciences
Anthony P. Walker, Martin G. De Kauwe, Ana Bastos, Soumaya Belmecheri, Katerina Georgiou, Ralph F. Keeling, Sean M. McMahon, Belinda E. Medlyn, David J. P. Moore, Richard J. Norby, Soenke Zaehle, Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira, Giovanna Battipaglia, Roel J. W. Brienen, Kristine G. Cabugao, Maxime Cailleret, Elliott Campbell, Josep G. Canadell, Philippe Ciais, Matthew E. Craig, David S. Ellsworth, Graham D. Farquhar, Simone Fatichi, Joshua B. Fisher, David C. Frank, Heather Graven, Lianhong Gu, Vanessa Haverd, Kelly Heilman, Martin Heimann, Bruce A. Hungate, Colleen M. Iversen, Fortunat Joos, Mingkai Jiang, Trevor F. Keenan, Jurgen Knauer, Christian Korner, Victor O. Leshyk, Sebastian Leuzinger, Yao Liu, Natasha MacBean, Yadvinder Malhi, Tim R. McVicar, Josep Penuelas, Julia Pongratz, A. Shafer Powell, Terhi Riutta, Manon E. B. Sabot, Juergen Schleucher, Stephen Sitch, William K. Smith, Benjamin Sulman, Benton Taylor, Cesar Terrer, Margaret S. Torn, Kathleen K. Treseder, Anna T. Trugman, Susan E. Trumbore, Phillip J. van Mantgem, Steve L. Voelker, Mary E. Whelan, Pieter A. Zuidema
Summary: Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration has the potential to enhance plant growth and contribute to a global terrestrial carbon sink, slowing down the rate of climate change. However, the complexity of ecosystem responses and interactions with other global change factors make it challenging to determine the exact impact of CO2 on the climate.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Ian M. Howard, David W. Stahle, Max C. A. Torbenson, Daniel Griffin
Summary: Latewood width tree-ring chronologies from arid-site conifers in the southwestern United States are correlated with summer monsoon season precipitation. Regional variations in the onset and length of the monsoon season impact the strength and timing of latewood chronologies' response to warm season precipitation. Most chronologies show significant correlation with early summer precipitation, and the timing of the precipitation response tends to occur later in the summer from southeastern Arizona into northern New Mexico and eastern Colorado.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Paul Szejner, Soumaya Belmecheri, Flurin Babst, William E. Wright, David C. Frank, Jia Hu, Russell K. Monson
Summary: Recent evidence has shown the emergence of a megadrought in southwestern North America since 2000. Trees near their arid range limit exhibit unique sensitivity to pre-megadrought conditions, particularly in key seasonal months such as winter and summer. This physiological sensitivity could potentially aid in the early detection of long-lasting droughts.
Article
Forestry
Daniel Griffin, Samantha T. Porter, Matthew L. Trumper, Kate E. Carlson, Daniel J. Crawford, Daniel Schwalen, Colin H. McFadden
Summary: High quality specimen digitization is crucial for natural history collections and dendrochronology. Gigapixel macro photography can offer a cost-effective alternative for digitization, providing high-quality images for analysis and education. Elevating imaging standards in dendrochronology through accessible and adaptable paradigms like gigapixel macro photography is essential.
TREE-RING RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
David C. Edge, David J. Reynolds, Alan D. Wanamaker, Daniel Griffin, Dominique Bureau, Christine Outridge, Bethany C. Stevick, Richard Weng, Bryan A. Black
Summary: The study utilized growth-increment widths of Pacific geoduck to create a long-term SST archive, covering 58% of the past 1500 years. It found that 20th century variability in these periodicities is not unusual in the longer-term context, with reconstructions showing a steady and unprecedented warming trend beginning in the mid-19th century.
PALEOCEANOGRAPHY AND PALEOCLIMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Kurt F. Kipfmueller, Evan E. Montpellier, Matthew L. Trumper, Daniel Griffin
Summary: Red pine trees in northern Minnesota are part of a growing network of tree-ring chronologies aimed at understanding climate dynamics in the Upper Great Lakes Region. The study developed annual and subannual chronologies to refine the understanding of red pine's climate response. The findings suggest that overall summer wetness primarily limits the growth of red pine trees.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bryan A. Black, Jessie K. Pearl, Charlotte L. Pearson, Patrick T. Pringle, David C. Frank, Morgan T. Page, Brendan M. Buckley, Edward R. Cook, Grant L. Harley, Karen J. King, Jonathan F. Hughes, David J. Reynolds, Brian L. Sherrod
Summary: The study uses dendrochronological dating and cosmogenic radiation pulse to determine the time period of earthquake events along two adjacent fault zones near Seattle, Washington. The findings reveal the occurrence of linked rupturing that increases the maximum earthquake size needed for seismic preparedness and engineering design within the Puget Sound region.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Benjamin I. Cook, Jason E. Smerdon, Edward R. Cook, A. Park Williams, Kevin J. Anchukaitis, Justin S. Mankin, Kathryn Allen, Laia Andreu-Hayles, Toby R. Ault, Soumaya Belmecheri, Sloan Coats, Bethany Coulthard, Boniface Fosu, Pauline Grierson, Daniel Griffin, Dimitris A. Herrera, Monica Ionita, Flavio Lehner, Caroline Leland, Kate Marvel, Mariano S. Morales, Vimal Mishra, Justine Ngoma, Hung T. T. Nguyen, Alison O'Donnell, Jonathan Palmer, Mukund P. Rao, Milagros Rodriguez-Caton, Richard Seager, David W. Stahle, Samantha Stevenson, Uday K. Thapa, Arianna M. Varuolo-Clarke, Erika K. Wise
Summary: This review discusses the common causes and features of past and projected future megadroughts. Decadal variations in sea surface temperatures are the primary driver of megadroughts, with contributions from radiative forcing and land-atmosphere interactions. Anthropogenic climate change has intensified ongoing megadroughts. Future megadroughts are expected to be more severe and warmer than past events. However, knowledge gaps regarding past and future megadroughts currently limit our understanding and confidence in projections.
NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Water Resources
Matthew L. Trumper, Daniel Griffin, Evan E. Montpellier, Kurt F. Kipfmueller
Summary: Analyzing daily climate observations and tree-ring data in the Great Lakes region provides new insights into understanding climate change. This study found a strong correlation between Pinus resinosa latewood width and warm-season precipitation, with a diminishing relationship in recent decades.
FRONTIERS IN WATER
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
M. C. A. Torbenson, D. W. Stahle, I. M. Howard, D. J. Burnette, C. D. Griffin, J. Villanueva-Diaz, B. I. Cook
Summary: The season-to-season persistence of soil moisture drought varies across North America, with some skill in forecasting future conditions. The North American Seasonal Precipitation Atlas (NASPA) offers new insights on intra-annual changes in drought over up to 2000 years. The reconstructions show patterns of drought amelioration and termination, with rare subcontinental-to-continental-scale reversals in the following warm season.
EARTH INTERACTIONS
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Valentina Vitali, Stefan Klesse, Rosemarie Weigt, Kerstin Treydte, David Frank, Matthias Saurer, Rolf T. W. Siegwolf
Summary: The study investigated tree-ring width and stable isotope chronologies of Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica along a climate gradient in Central Europe, finding high sensitivity of stable isotopes to summer VPD and consistent responses across sites. There were no significant differences in isotopic responses to climate variability between dominant and suppressed trees, with high spatial coherence of δ¹⁸O variations observed over long distances. Applied dual-isotope approach indicated a general climate-driven decrease in stomatal conductance for these tree species.
Article
Ecology
Matthew L. Trumper, Daniel Griffin, Sarah E. Hobbie, Ian M. Howard, David M. Nelson, Peter B. Reich, Kendra K. McLauchlan
