Article
Genetics & Heredity
Sarah Tosato, Chiara Bonetto, Evangelos Vassos, Antonio Lasalvia, Katia De Santi, Margherita Gelmetti, Doriana Cristofalo, Alexander Richards, Mirella Ruggeri
Summary: Research suggests that obstetric complications in first episode psychosis patients may predict illness course and severity of psychopathology. Patients with obstetric complications are more likely to have a non-remitting course of illness. However, the schizophrenia-polygenic risk score does not seem to predict illness course.
Editorial Material
Psychology, Clinical
Robin M. Murray, Anthony S. David, Olesya Ajnakina
Summary: The value of services for those with the 'At Risk Mental State for Psychosis' (ARMS) remains disputed, but there is a trend towards transforming clinics into youth mental health services. However, these services are unlikely to make major inroads into preventing psychosis as they only reach a small proportion of those at risk. The most effective approach for psychosis prevention is avoiding exposure to risk-increasing factors.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Ulla Lang, Kathryn Yates, Finbarr P. Leacy, Mary C. Clarke, Fiona McNicholas, Mary Cannon, Ian Kelleher
Summary: The At Risk Mental State (ARMS) approach to psychosis has had a major impact on psychosis services internationally. However, this systematic review and meta-analysis found no evidence that the diagnosis of ARMS was associated with an increased risk of psychosis in children and adolescents up to the age of 18.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Alexandre Andrade Loch, Ana Caroline Lopes-Rocha, Feten Fekih-Romdhane, Martinus Theodorus van de Bilt, Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo, Paolo Fusar-Poli
Summary: This article systematically reviews studies on individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR) in low and middle-income countries (LAMIC). The review found limitations in conducting CHR research in LAMIC, such as small sample sizes, cross-sectional designs, and follow-up issues. The results of an online poll indicate that 75% of researchers believe that CHR research should be approached differently in LAMIC due to structural and cultural issues.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Celso Arango, Jan K. Buitelaar, Christoph U. Correll, Covadonga M. Diaz-Caneja, Maria L. Figueira, W. Wolfgang Fleischhacker, Daniele Marcotulli, Mara Parellada, Benedetto Vitiello
Summary: Schizophrenia is a debilitating neurodevelopmental disorder that requires continuous multidisciplinary treatment. Early onset schizophrenia has poorer outcomes compared to adult-onset type, and transitioning from adolescent to adult mental healthcare services poses challenges for maintaining continuity of care.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Bernd Hinney, Anna Walter, Soheila Aghlmandi, Christina Andreou, Stefan Borgwardt
Summary: A meta-analysis compared the baseline hippocampal volume of CHR patients who developed psychosis with those who did not, finding no statistically significant effect of hippocampal volume on the risk of transitioning to psychosis.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Alex G. Segura, Anna Mane, Llucia Prohens, Natalia Rodriguez, Gisela Mezquida, Manuel Cuesta, Eduard Vieta, Silvia Amoretti, Antonio Lobo, Ana Gonzalez-Pinto, Covadonga M. Diaz-Caneja, Alexandra Roldan Bejarano, Esther Jimenez, Immaculada Baeza, Teresa Legido, Jeronimo Saiz-Ruiz, Miguel Bernardo, Sergi Mas
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the association between cannabis-related polygenic risk scores (PRS) and cannabis use and clinical course after first-episode psychosis (FEP). The results showed that cannabis use was associated with increased positive symptoms and younger age of cannabis initiation influenced the progression of symptoms. Patients with higher cannabis PRS had increased baseline cannabis use and the PRS for lifetime cannabis initiation was associated with negative and general symptomatology over follow-up. These findings suggest that genetic factors may play a role in cannabis use and symptom progression after FEP.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Silvia Amoretti, Francisco Diego Rabelo-da-Ponte, Marina Garriga, Maria Florencia Forte, Rafael Penades, Eduard Vieta, Eduard Parellada, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Clarissa S. Gama, Norma Verdolini, Byron Bitanihirwe, Clemente Garcia-Rizo
Summary: Obstetric complications have a moderate impact on specific cognitive functions, such as working memory and verbal memory, in patients with schizophrenia and related disorders.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Tianhong Zhang, Lihua Xu, Yanyan Wei, Xiaochen Tang, Yegang Hu, Huiru Cui, Yingying Tang, Zixuan Wang, Haichun Liu, Tao Chen, Chunbo Li, Jijun Wang
Summary: The impact of the duration of untreated prodromal symptoms (DUPrS) on the development of psychosis in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) varies. A longer DUPrS is associated with younger age, higher baseline global function, lower previous global function, and higher negative symptoms.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Alison R. Yung, Stephen J. Wood, Ashok Malla, Barnaby Nelson, Patrick McGorry, Jai Shah
Summary: This paper discusses the importance of ARMS (At Risk Mental State) services, points out the shortcomings of some criticisms, and emphasizes the need and value of such services in improving the health of young people.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Haruaki Hino, Satoshi Hagihira, Natsumi Maru, Takahiro Utsumi, Hiroshi Matsui, Yohei Taniguchi, Tomohito Saito, Tomohiro Murakawa
Summary: In this study, the pulmonary surgical Apgar score was found to predict postoperative complications and long-term survival in patients with lung cancer undergoing surgery, highlighting its potential value for postoperative management.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CARDIO-THORACIC SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Tianhong Zhang, Yanyan Wei, Huiru Cui, Xiaochen Tang, Lihua Xu, Yegang Hu, Yingying Tang, Haichun Liu, Tao Chen, Chunbo Li, Jijun Wang
Summary: Neurocognitive deficits in early psychosis differ with age. This study explored age-related differences in neurocognitive performance among a large clinical population. The results showed significant differences in neurocognitive scores among different age groups, with CHR individuals having lower scores than HC and FEP patients having even lower scores. Adolescents performed better than adults in all groups. Age had a stronger correlation with cognitive function in the HC group, and more neurocognitive domains were affected by age compared to the CHR and FEP groups. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring cognitive trajectory in early psychosis.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hua He, Yongfu Yu, Hui Wang, Carsten Lyng Obel, Fei Li, Jiong Li
Summary: Infants born with Apgar scores of 7-9 have an increased risk of developing various mental disorders in childhood, including organic disorders, neurotic disorders, and neurodevelopmental disorders.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yoichiro Takayanagi, Sue Kulason, Daiki Sasabayashi, Tsutomu Takahashi, Naoyuki Katagiri, Atsushi Sakuma, Noriyuki Ohmuro, Masahiro Katsura, Shimako Nishiyama, Mikio Kido, Atsushi Furuichi, Kyo Noguchi, Kazunori Matsumoto, Masafumi Mizuno, J. Tilak Ratnanather, Michio Suzuki
Summary: This study found that reduced gray matter volume in the right dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) may be a potential marker for future onset of psychosis in individuals with at-risk mental states (ARMS).
Article
Psychiatry
Sheeba Arnold Anteraper, Xavier Guell, Guusje Collin, Zhenghan Qi, Jingwen Ren, Atira Nair, Larry J. Seidman, Matcheri S. Keshavan, Tianhong Zhang, Yingying Tang, Huijun Li, Robert W. McCarley, Margaret A. Niznikiewicz, Martha E. Shenton, William S. Stone, Jijun Wang, Susan Whitfield-Gabrieli
Summary: The study suggests that abnormalities in RsFc of the DN may precede the onset of psychosis, and these abnormalities are not found in individuals at risk but not yet developed psychosis.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Klaudia Sojta, Dominik Strzelecki
Summary: Several factors, including temperament, unmet core emotional needs, and adverse childhood events, play a key role in the development of early maladaptive schemas. Parental care has a substantial impact on the potential development of these schemas.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michal Seweryn Karbownik, Paulina Sokolowska, Edward Kowalczyk
Summary: Butyrate and indole-3-propionic acid, gut microbiota metabolites, have potentially beneficial effects on human brain function and are being tested as antidepressants. In a human astrocyte cell-line culture, a 10-minute incubation with 1-5 mM butyrate significantly increased ATP gliotransmitter release by 78%, mediated by cytosolic Ca2+ mobilization. Indole-3-propionic acid had no significant effect on gliotransmitter release. Further evaluation is needed to confirm these findings.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Layla Bleibel, Szymon Dziomba, Krzysztof Franciszek Waleron, Edward Kowalczyk, Michal Seweryn Karbownik
Summary: The intake of psychobiotic bacteria shows promise as a supplement to neuropsychiatric treatment, and may have positive effects on mental functioning in healthy individuals. Recent studies suggest that bacterial extracellular vesicles mediate the effects of psychobiotic bacteria on the brain, enhancing neurotrophic molecule expression, improving neurotransmission, and promoting neuroprotective mechanisms. These extracellular vesicles may have therapeutic applications as postbiotics. Further scientific exploration is needed to understand the complex nature of brain signaling mediated by bacterial extracellular vesicles. In conclusion, bacterial extracellular vesicles play a crucial role in the mechanism of action of psychobiotics.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Adrianna Szczakowska, Agata Gabryelska, Oliwia Gawlik-Kotelnicka, Dominik Strzelecki
Summary: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a condition characterized by involuntary hyperkinetic movements, mainly in the muscles of the face and less frequently in other body parts. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has shown to be effective in treating TD, especially in severe cases. Clinical studies on DBS for TD are limited but show promising results.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Lidia Wlodarczyk, Natalia Cichon, Michal Seweryn Karbownik, Luciano Saso, Joanna Saluk, Elzbieta Miller
Summary: This study aims to identify biomarkers that can predict brain repair ability and estimate the outcome of stroke by examining the expression of VEGF, IGF-1, and MMP-9 proteins and their genes. The results showed significant changes in clinical parameter estimations, as well as MMP9 and VEGF protein and mRNA expression over the rehabilitation process. The combined expression of MMP9 protein and mRNA may serve as a useful biomarker for cognitive improvement in post-stroke patients.
Review
Pediatrics
Jagoda Grzejszczak, Dominik Strzelecki, Agata Gabryelska, Magdalena Kotlicka-Antczak
Summary: Suicide is a common cause of death among children and adolescents, and prevention programs have shown limited effectiveness. The COVID-19 pandemic has further increased the risk of suicidal behaviors in young people due to reduced social contact. This review highlights the importance of belonging to a social group and building identification with it as a protective factor against suicidal behavior in the under-18 population, and examines the impact of the pandemic on these relationships.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Justyna Kus, Kamil Saramowicz, Maria Czerniawska, Wojciech Wiese, Natalia Siwecka, Wioletta Rozpedek-Kaminska, Aleksandra Kucharska-Lusina, Dominik Strzelecki, Ireneusz Majsterek
Summary: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder, and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) dysfunction is considered as a possible mechanism for developing ADHD. Abnormal expression or polymorphism of certain genes associated with ADHD leads to NMDAR dysfunction. NMDAR-stabilizing drugs show promise in improving ADHD symptoms, providing a potential therapeutic option.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Agata Gajewska, Dominik Strzelecki, Oliwia Gawlik-Kotelnicka
Summary: This review article introduces the relationship between the appetite hormone ghrelin and disorders such as depression and metabolic syndrome, as well as its role in regulating inflammation, cardiac function, stress, and anxiety. It also evaluates the potential of the ghrelinergic system as a target for pharmacotherapy development.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anna Grazka, Klara Krolewiak, Klaudia Sojta, Dominik Strzelecki
Summary: The search for new strategies to diagnose people at risk of suicide and to help them is highly significant. Schema therapy and its core constructs are highly relevant in this regard. This study compared the severity of early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) and schema modes in different groups and found the importance of the disconnection/rejection domain in suicidality. Additionally, specific schema modes were identified as significant factors in suicide risk.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Klaudia Sojta, Aleksandra Margulska, Maksymilian Plewka, Kacper Pleska, Dominik Strzelecki, Oliwia Gawlik-Kotelnicka
Summary: The study found that low levels of resilience may significantly predict increased severity of depressive symptoms and higher levels of anxiety related to childbirth among women in the perinatal period.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Anna Grazka, Dominik Strzelecki
Summary: This article summarizes previous studies and confirms the significant associations between early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) and schema modes with suicide risk. It emphasizes the importance of assessing suicide risk using these variables and suggests further experimental research to explore the causal relationship between them.
Article
Neurosciences
Klaudia Sojta, Malgorzata Juras-Darowny, Aleksandra Margulska, Wioletta Jozwiak-Majchrzak, Anna Grazka, Dominik Strzelecki
Summary: This study examined the impact of children's exposure to intimate partner violence on maternal parenting practices. The results showed that IPV victims were more likely to engage in negative parenting practices, and this relationship was mediated by resilience and emotional intelligence.
Article
Neurosciences
Klaudia Sojta, Aleksandra Margulska, Wioletta Jozwiak-Majchrzak, Anna Grazka, Karolina Grzelczak, Dominik Strzelecki
Summary: This study found that the domains of disconnection and rejection and impaired limits in early maladaptive schemas (EMS) are significant predictors of female IPV victimization. These domains imply that interpersonal relationships are unstable, insecure, and susceptible to the risk of humiliation and harm, and that basic emotional needs cannot be satisfied in close relationships. Therefore, the use of schema therapy may be a promising approach to support IPV victims.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Agnieszka Pawlak, Bartosz Kaczmarek, Adam Wysokinski, Dominik Strzelecki
Summary: Sarcosine improves negative symptoms in schizophrenia, but not through direct modulation of EGF levels. Treatment can induce an increase in EGF concentration or prevent its decrease, indicating a neuroprotective effect of the treatment.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Oliwia Gawlik-Kotelnicka, Aleksandra Margulska, Anna Skowronska, Dominik Strzelecki
Summary: Finding new treatment options for depression and its comorbidities is crucial. Microbiota interventions, such as probiotics, may be a safe and easy-to-use adjunctive therapy for patients who are partially responsive to pharmacologic treatment. The study discussed the feasibility and pilot findings of a randomized controlled trial on the effect of probiotic supplementation on depressive disorders in patients with metabolic syndrome.
