Article
Clinical Neurology
Vahid Nejati, Bahar Zamiran, Michael A. A. Nitsche
Summary: This study explored the interaction of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) during mind wandering using transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). The results showed that stimulation of the vmPFC decreased mind wandering and increased awareness, while stimulation of the dlPFC increased mind wandering. Desynchronized stimulation of both areas increased the propensity for mind wandering, while synchronized stimulation increased awareness of mind wandering.
Article
Neurosciences
Oded Meiron, Jonathan David, Asaf Yaniv
Summary: Early auditory processing deficits are associated with executive attention and working memory functioning in schizophrenia patients. However, this relationship is not observed in healthy controls. Specifically, auditory change-detection event-related potentials are significantly associated with verbal working memory performance in schizophrenia patients. Additionally, the severity of the illness and negative symptoms in schizophrenia patients is related to working memory reaction times and accuracy.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Eric D. Zaizar, Santiago Papini, F. Gonzalez-Lima, Michael J. Telch
Summary: This study found that transcranial infrared laser stimulation can improve fear extinction learning and cognitive function. Stimulation of the dorsolateral PFC alone can reduce fear, while stimulation of the ventromedial PFC in combination with exposure therapy does not have a significant improvement effect.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Vahid Nejati, Maryam Majidinezhad, Michael Nitsche
Summary: This study suggests that stimulation over the left dlPFC and right vmPFC can improve emotion regulation, interference control, and working memory performance in women with MDD. Moreover, the emotional valence of stimuli and the impact of stimulation on interference control in MDD are also relevant factors.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Eisa Jafari, Jaber Alizadehgoradel, Fereshteh Pourmohseni Koluri, Ezzatollah Nikoozadehkordmirza, Meysam Refahi, Mina Taherifard, Vahid Nejati, Amir-Homayun Hallajian, Elham Ghanavati, M. Carmelo Vicario, A. Michael Nitsche, Mohammad Ali Salehinejad
Summary: Modulation of dorsolateral and medial PFC activity with intensified stimulation can improve core symptoms of SAD, treatment-related variables, and reduce attention bias to threatening stimuli. This effect is more significant with 2-mA intensity compared to 1-mA, highlighting the potential therapeutic benefits of higher stimulation intensity in SAD treatment.
Article
Neurosciences
Oded Meiron, Elishai Ezra Tsur, Hagai Factor, Shoham Jacobsen, David Yoel Salomon, Nir Kraizler, Efraim Jaul
Summary: Recent research has shown that EEG oscillations in theta and alpha frequency-bands are associated with cognitive control and executive working memory mechanisms in humans. Changes in alpha and theta-band power with age may indicate cognitive impairments or neurological disorders. Specific EEG patterns and reaction times during working memory tasks can affect performance, with excessive alpha activity in the left prefrontal area linked to poor executive working memory performance.
COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jongwook Kim, Byoungwoo Cha, Doyoung Lee, Jong Moon Kim, MinYoung Kim
Summary: High-frequency rTMS over the ipsilesional DLPFC has beneficial effects on cognition and mood recovery in patients with subacute stroke. The improvement in cognitive abilities is more significant in patients with left hemispheric lesions, while patients with right hemispheric lesions show greater improvement in cognition.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Daniel J. Wilson, Azadeh HajiHosseini, Cendri A. Hutcherson
Summary: Recent research suggests that cognitive regulation can alter both immediate choices and long-lasting preferences. Using fMRI, this study found evidence that regulation can temporarily reconfigure neural drivers of choice and result in more goal-consistent changes. Additionally, the study found that the extent to which the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) was recruited for different regulatory goals negatively predicted lingering changes in preference.
SOCIAL COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Shumeng Hou, Ning Liu, Jun Zou, Xuejiao Yin, Xinyue Liu, Shi Zhang, Jiesheng Chen, Zhen Wei
Summary: This study investigated the neural mechanism underlying the different behavioral reactions of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) towards humanoid robots and humans. The results showed that children with ASD had lower neural activity in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) when interacting with robots compared to humans. The neural activity in the left DLPFC was negatively correlated between the human and robot conditions in ASD children, while it was positively correlated in neurotypical children. The study highlights the importance of selective attention resources and the difficulty for children with ASD to ignore the attraction of robots.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Edmund T. Rolls, Gustavo Deco, Chu-Chung Huang, Jianfeng Feng
Summary: The human orbitofrontal cortex, vmPFC, and anterior cingulate cortex play a crucial role in reward processing, emotion, and episodic memory. Effective connectivity between cortical regions and subcortical regions was measured in the human brain, revealing the complex network involved in these processes. This research enhances our understanding of the functional and neural connections in the brain.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xingxing Li, Meng Chen, Qinqin Liu, Chao Zheng, Chang Yu, Guangwei Hou, Zan Chen, Yiqing Chen, Yinping Chen, Guidong Zhu, Dongsheng Zhou, Weiqian Xu
Summary: This study used TMS-EEG techniques to study the cortical activity of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and its correlation with clinical symptoms, providing an electrophysiological basis for clinical diagnosis.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Na Cao, Yanling Pi, Fanghui Qiu, Yanqiu Wang, Xue Xia, Yu Liu, Jian Zhang
Summary: Neuroplastic changes induced by procedural motor sequence learning enhance DLPFC-M1 interactions, showing hemispheric specificity favoring the left DLPFC. These findings suggest that DLPFC plasticity may be a useful index of DLPFC function and a potential target for enhancing DLPFC function and motor learning.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Karina Alicia Bermudez-Rivera, Andres Molero-Chamizo, G. Nathzidy Rivera-Urbina
Summary: This study aimed to examine the effects of cognitive reflection and typical educational interventions on executive functions in teenage students. The results showed that educational interventions could improve executive functions associated with the anterior prefrontal cortex (APF), but may interfere with functions related to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPF).
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Bella B. B. Zhang, Rebecca L. D. Kan, Cristian G. Giron, Tim T. Z. Lin, Suk-Yu Yau, Georg S. Kranz
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the influence of different stimulation intensities of iTBS on brain activity and executive function in healthy adults. The results showed that iTBS at 70% RMT maintained the concentration change of oxyhemoglobin in the target area and improved task performance, while 50% and 100% RMT significantly decreased the concentration change of oxyhemoglobin.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Felicia Manocchio, Cassandra J. Lowe
Summary: The study found that moderate intensity exercise can improve executive functions, while the suppressive effects of cTBS on dlPFC were not significant in both the movement-only control and moderate intensity exercise conditions. EEG data indicated no changes in amplitude for P3b and N2 ERP components across time and condition, but significant shorter latency for P3b in moderate intensity exercise and movement-only conditions was observed.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)