Article
Psychology, Experimental
Thor Grunbaum, Franziska Oren, Soren Kyllingsbaek
Summary: The paper proposes a new mathematical model for retrieval of intentions from long-term memory and discusses the different perspectives of memory in temporally extended agency presented by two psychological theories. The aim is to test which conception provides the best explanation through a new experimental paradigm.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Shiming Xiang, Bo Tang
Summary: The article introduces a variation of DNC architecture called CSLM-DNC, which includes convertible short-term and long-term memory to improve memory efficiency. Inspired by the human brain, this new scheme improves learning performance through different memory locations importance and memory transformation.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Baiwei Liu, Xinyu Li, Jan Theeuwes, Benchi Wang
Summary: It has been traditionally believed that information retrieved from long-term memory (LTM) needs to be brought back into working memory (WM). However, this study demonstrates that retrieval from LTM is possible even when WM capacity is fully occupied. EEG results indicate that retrieving items from LTM while WM is fully engaged enhances the suppression of alpha oscillations, suggesting alternative mechanisms for accessing LTM when WM is fully occupied.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Michele C. Muhmenthaler, Beat Meier
Summary: The allocation of attention determines what we remember later, particularly in the context of task switching. This study investigated the consequences of task switching after a long study-test interval and found that the effects of task switching on memory were enduring and relied on the recollection component of memory.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Dan C. Li, Elizabeth G. Pitts, Niharika M. Dighe, Shannon L. Gourley
Summary: Cocaine self-administration can disrupt flexible modification of behavioral routines. This study explores the mechanistic factors behind the long-term behavioral changes caused by cocaine use. The researchers found that the reduction of PSD-95 protein in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and lower GluN2B subunit content in the OFC are associated with deficits in decision-making behavior and resilience to escalating oral cocaine seeking. The inhibition of GluN2B-NMDARs prevents the dysregulation of neuronal structure and function in the OFC, preserving mature dendritic spine densities and functional connections necessary for action flexibility.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Ming Hong, Heyong Wang
Summary: This study proposes a deep learning-based feature selection method that utilizes LSTM networks to extract deep features from bag-of-words term frequency vectors. The effectiveness of terms is evaluated by integrating deep features with term frequencies. The experiments demonstrate better performance of this method in selecting discriminative terms compared to other methods.
MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
J. Weston Hughes, James Tooley, Jessica Torres Soto, Anna Ostropolets, Tim Poterucha, Matthew Kai Christensen, Neal Yuan, Ben Ehlert, Dhamanpreet Kaur, Guson Kang, Albert Rogers, Sanjiv Narayan, Pierre Elias, David Ouyang, Euan Ashley, James Zou, Marco V. Perez
Summary: It has been found that a deep convolutional neural network can accurately predict long term cardiovascular risk based on resting electrocardiogram (ECG) information. The developed Stanford Estimator of Electrocardiogram Risk (SEER) demonstrates high predictive accuracy when evaluated independently at different medical centers. SEER, when used alongside other risk tools, has the potential to greatly improve cardiovascular risk stratification and aid in medical decision making.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Franziska Hoerner, Arne Lawrenz, Ann-Kathrin Oerke, Dennis W. H. Mueller, Idu Azogu-Sepe, Marco Roller, Karsten Damerau, Angelika Preisfeld
Summary: This study investigated the long-term olfactory memory of two mother-daughter pairs that were separated for 2 and 12 years, respectively. Results showed that all four elephants were able to recognize their separated relatives just by the scent of feces, thereby giving the empirical implication of olfactory memory in African elephants of up to 12 years. These findings confirm the significance of scent for family bonds in African elephants.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Xiangbo Shu, Jinhui Tang, Guo-Jun Qi, Wei Liu, Jian Yang
Summary: This work proposes a novel Hierarchical Long Short-Term Concurrent Memory (H-LSTCM) model for recognizing human interactions in videos by combining individual dynamics and group dynamics to capture the long-term inter-related dynamics of human interactions. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ali Askari, Sumedha Kota, Hailey Ferrell, Shriya Swamy, Kayla S. Goodman, Christine C. Okoro, Isaiah C. Spruell Crenshaw, Daniela K. Hernandez, Taylor E. Oliphant, Akshata A. Badrayani, Andrew D. Ellington, Gwendolyn M. Stovall
Summary: There is a growing interest in aptamer research, and the need for a comprehensive and publicly available aptamer database has been recognized. The UTexas Aptamer Database is a significant effort to meet this demand, as it provides a searchable database with a large number of reviewed aptamer records, including sequences, binding information, and selection details.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Martyna Rakowska, Mahmoud E. A. Abdellahi, Paulina Bagrowska, Miguel Navarrete, Penelope A. Lewis
Summary: The effects of TMR on task performance can last for at least 10 days post-encoding, with time spent in stage 2 of NREM sleep predicting cueing benefit. In addition, there is a significant increase in spindle density and SO-spindle coupling during the cue period, highlighting their importance in procedural memory consolidation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hsuan-Wen Lin, Chun-Chao Chen, Ruei-Yu Jhang, Linyi Chen, J. Steven de Belle, Tim Tully, Ann-Shyn Chiang
Summary: Learned experiences need to be periodic and meaningful to be consolidated into long-term memory. The consolidation of long-term memory relies on the de novo protein synthesis mediated by cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB). This study reveals that spaced training induces the expression of the crebB gene in specific neurons in the mushroom body of Drosophila, enhancing the formation of long-term memory. On the other hand, learning from weak training leads to the synthesis of the 5-HT1A serotonin receptor and inhibits long-term memory formation. The findings demonstrate that CREBB, induced by spaced training, counteracts the effect of learning-induced 5-HT1A in specific early MB neurons to regulate the consolidation of long-term memory.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Lizhi Tao, Xinguang He, Jiajia Li, Dong Yang
Summary: In this study, a new multiscale long short-term memory model with attention mechanism (MLSTM-AM) is proposed to improve the accuracy of monthly precipitation forecasting. The performance of different models varies in different regions of the Yangtze River basin, with MLSTM-AM providing the best prediction performance.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Alicia Forsberg, Dominic Guitard, Nelson Cowan
Summary: The debate over whether information in working memory is rapidly forgotten or transferred to long-term memory continues. Research shows that the capacity limit of working memory contributes to subsequent long-term memory failures and holding information in working memory enhances long-term memory encoding. The findings suggest that a limitation in working memory capacity creates a bottleneck for encoding of unique objects, with a relatively large effect size.
PSYCHONOMIC BULLETIN & REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Michael S. Humphreys, Gerald Tehan, Oliver Baumann, Shayne Loft
Summary: The existence of a special state in short-term memory, where recently encountered items do not need to be retrieved, was tested using a probe-recognition paradigm and delayed recognition test. The results indicate that this special state is not important and cannot be used to define short-term memory.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Sophie C. A. Brolsma, Janna N. Vrijsen, Eliana Vassena, Mojtaba Rostami Kandroodi, M. Annemiek Bergman, Philip F. van Eijndhoven, Rose M. Collard, Hanneke E. M. den Ouden, Aart H. Schene, Roshan Cools
Summary: This study tested the negative learning bias hypothesis in a large naturalistic sample of psychiatric patients, including depression, anxiety, addiction, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and/or autism. The results showed that depressed patients with comorbidities did not exhibit a negative learning bias. This study highlights the importance of investigating unselected samples of psychiatric patients.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrew Westbrook, Arko Ghosh, Ruben van den Bosch, Jessica Maatta, Lieke Hofmans, Roshan Cools
Summary: The study found a negative correlation between smartphone social activity and dopamine synthesis capacity, with individuals having lower dopamine synthesis capacity showing a higher proportion of social app interactions. The results suggest a specific link between dopamine synthesis capacity and social versus non-social smartphone interactions, providing empirical support for current speculations about dopamine's role in digital social behavior.
Review
Neurosciences
Roshan Cools, Amy F. T. Arnsten
Summary: The prefrontal cortex plays a crucial role in high-order cognitive functions, requiring a precise neurochemical environment. Neuromodulators have a key role in coordinating arousal and cognitive states, and research in monkeys has already led to successful new treatments for cognitive disorders in humans.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Andrew Westbrook, Michael J. Frank, Roshan Cools
Summary: Dopamine plays a positive role in cognitive control, affecting both cognitive control capacity and cognitive motivation. Striatal dopamine may enhance control by increasing sensitivity to the costs and benefits of cognitive effort, shaping competition between controlled and prepotent actions. Differing cost-benefit tradeoffs mediated by dopamine signaling in distinct cortico-striatal subregions may reconcile conflicting findings on the impact of dopamine on cognitive control.
TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Johannes Algermissen, Jennifer C. Swart, Rene Scheeringa, Roshan Cools, Hanneke E. M. den Ouden
Summary: This study combines EEG and fMRI techniques to investigate the biases and control mechanisms in action selection during a motivational task. The results reveal that the vmPFC encodes cue valence, while the striatum encodes the selection of Go responses. Additionally, Theta power plays an important role in providing response value and processing reward cues.
Article
Neurosciences
Lieke Hofmans, Andrew Westbrook, Ruben van den Bosch, Jan Booij, Robbert-Jan Verkes, Roshan Cools
Summary: The study found a correlation between individual striatal dopamine synthesis capacity and the effect of average reward rate on action vigor, particularly among participants with slower response times.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Esther Aarts, Agnes Akkerman, Mareike Altgassen, Ronald Bartels, Debby Beckers, Kirsten Bevelander, Erik Bijleveld, Esmeralda Blaney Davidson, Annemarie Boleij, Janita Bralten, Toon Cillessen, Jurgen Claassen, Roshan Cools, Ineke Cornelissen, Martin Dresler, Thijs Eijsvogels, Myrthe Faber, Guillen Fernandez, Bernd Figner, Matthias Fritsche, Sascha Fuellbrunn, Surya Gayet, Marleen M. H. J. van Gelder, Marcel van Gerven, Sabine Geurts, Corina U. Greven, Martine U. Groefsema, Koen Haak, Peter Hagoort, Yvonne Hartman, Beatrice van der Heijden, Erno Hermans, Vivian Heuvelmans, Florian Hintz, Janet den Hollander, Anneloes M. Hulsman, Sebastian M. Idesis, Martin Jaeger, Esther Janse, Joost Janzing, Roy P. C. Kessels, Johan C. Karremans, Willemien C. de Kleijn, Marieke Klein, Floris Klumpers, Nils Kohn, Hubert Korzilius, Bas Krahmer, Floris de Lange, Judith van Leeuwen, Huaiyu Liu, Maartje Luijten, Peggy Manders, Katerina Manevska, Jose P. Marques, Jon Matthews, James M. McQueen, Pieter Medendorp, Rene Melis, Antje Meyer, Joukje Oosterman, Lucy Overbeek, Marius Peelen, Jean Popma, Geert Postma, Karin Roelofs, Yvonne G. T. van Rossenberg, Gabi Schaap, Paul Scheepers, Luc Selen, Marianne Starren, Dorine W. Swinkels, Indira W. Tendolkar, Dick Thijssen, Hans Timmerman, Rayyan Tutunji, Anil Tuladhar, Harm Veling, Maaike Verhagen, Jasper Verkroost, Jacqueline Vink, Vivian Vriezekolk, Janna Vrijsen, Jana Vyrastekova, Selina van der Wal, Roel Willems, Arthur Willemsen, Arthur Willemsen
Article
Psychology, Biological
Romain Ligneul, Zachary Mainen, Verena Ly, Roshan Cools
Summary: The human brain estimates task controllability by comparing predictive models and exposure to uncontrollable stress leads to distortion in this process. Different brain regions play different roles in controllability estimation, and anxiety symptoms influence the direction of controllability estimation.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Dirk E. M. Geurts, Hanneke E. M. den Ouden, Lotte Janssen, Jennifer C. Swart, Monja I. Froboese, Roshan Cools, Anne E. M. Speckens
Summary: This study provides new insights into the neurocognitive mechanisms of hyperactivity/impulsivity in adults with ADHD and its treatment. The findings reveal a role for Pavlovian inhibitory mechanisms in understanding hyperactive/impulsive behaviors in ADHD and suggest that mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT) might influence these mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ruben van den Bosch, Britt Lambregts, Jessica Maatta, Lieke Hofmans, Danae Papadopetraki, Andrew Westbrook, Robbert-Jan Verkes, Jan Booij, Roshan Cools
Summary: Psychostimulants like methylphenidate have varying effects on cognitive enhancement, which depend on baseline striatal dopamine levels and corticostriatal gating of reward/punishment-related representations in sensory cortex. Methylphenidate can improve attention and reward learning, but the mechanisms behind these effects are still unclear.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Dirk E. M. Geurts, Katinka von Borries, Quentin J. M. Huys, Berend H. Bulten, Robbert-Jan Verkes, Roshan Cools
Summary: This study found that violent offenders with psychopathic tendencies exhibit abnormal aversive processing, specifically an attenuation of aversive Pavlovian inhibition of instrumental action. The results suggest a possible deficient transfer of aversive Pavlovian inhibitory biases onto neural systems such as the caudate nucleus and amygdala in individuals with psychopathic tendencies.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Dirk E. M. Geurts, Thom J. Van den Heuvel, Quentin J. M. Huys, Robbert J. Verkes, Roshan Cools
Summary: This study examines the relationship between neural signaling and symptom improvement in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) before and after treatment. The results show that there were no significant differences in behavior and neural signaling between BPD patients and healthy controls at baseline. However, aversive amygdala signaling before treatment was associated with clinical symptom reduction after one year of treatment.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Patricia Romero Verdugo, Lieke L. F. van Lieshout, Floris P. de Lange, Roshan Cools
Summary: This study demonstrates that humans exhibit higher curiosity and are more willing to wait for the outcome when they have the choice in selecting the information. This has implications for boosting learning, memory, and motivation.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ping Chen, Dirk E. M. Geurts, Jessica Maatta, Ruben van den Bosch, Lieke Hofmans, Danae Papadopetraki, Hanneke den Ouden, Roshan Cools
BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Ceyda Sayali, Emma Heling, Roshan Cools
Summary: This study examined the preference for challenging tasks and found that difficult tasks increase engagement and liking. The learning progress motivation hypothesis states that people choose difficult tasks because they provide a dynamic range for changes in task performance. The results confirm this hypothesis.
