Article
Infectious Diseases
Leyre Serrano Fernandez, Luis Alberto Ruiz Iturriaga, Pedro Pablo Espana Yandiola, Raul Mendez Ocana, Silvia Perez Fernandez, Eva Tabernero Huget, Ane Uranga Echeverria, Paula Gonzalez Jimenez, Patricia Garcia Hontoria, Antoni Torres Marti, Rosario Menendez Villanueva, Rafael Zalacain Jorge
Summary: This study compared the clinical presentation and outcomes between bacteraemic pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia (B-PCAP) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia. The results showed that B-PCAP patients had more severe disease, while the mortality rate was higher for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. More effective treatments are needed for patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Hugo Bellut, Raphael Porcher, Emmanuelle Varon, Pierre Asfar, Yves Le Tulzo, Bruno Megarbane, Armelle Mathonnet, Anthony Dugard, Anne Veinstein, Kader Ouchenir, Shidasp Siami, Jean Reignier, Arnaud Galbois, Joel Cousson, Sebastien Preau, Olivier Baldesi, Jean-Philippe Rigaud, Bertrand Souweine, Benoit Misset, Frederic Jacobs, Florent Dewavrin, Jean-Paul Mira, Jean-Pierre Bedos
Summary: The presence of bacteraemia in severe pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia did not have an impact on the mortality of immunocompetent Caucasian adults admitted to intensive care. Factors associated with mortality were not significantly different between patients with and without bacteraemia, and there were no specific prognostic factors identified for bacteraemic patients.
ANNALS OF INTENSIVE CARE
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Luis A. Ruiz, Leyre Serrano, Silvia Perez, Sonia Castro, Amaia Urrutia, Ane Uranga, Amaia Artaraz, Ainhoa Gomez, Pedro P. Espana, Rafael Zalacain
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of using a predefined cutoff value for lymphopenia as an early predictor of in-hospital mortality and other outcomes in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. The study found that lymphopenia could be used as a reproducible predictor of complicated clinical course in these patients.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Raul Recio, Esther Viedma, Sara Gonzalez-Bodi, Jennifer Villa, Maria Angeles Orellana, Mikel Mancheno-Losa, Jaime Lora-Tamayo, Fernando Chaves
Summary: This study analyzed the clinical and bacterial characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteraemic pneumonia episodes from a tertiary hospital between 2013-2017. The findings highlighted the impact of factors such as severe neutropenia, inappropriate empirical antimicrobial therapy, septic shock, and extensively drug-resistant phenotype on early and late mortality rates in these cases. Specific genetic backgrounds also played a significant role in patient outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jinrong Liu, Ruxuan He, Xiaoyan Zhang, Fei Zhao, Liyong Liu, Heng Wang, Shunying Zhao
Summary: This study aimed to observe the treatment outcome of using early corticosteroid in patients with MPP. The results showed that in hospitalized patients, especially those with severe MPP, the ideal starting time of corticosteroid treatment might be 5-10 days, preferably 6-7 days, after disease onset. The initial dosage of corticosteroid therapy should be decided according to the severity of the disease.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Leyre Serrano, Luis Alberto Ruiz, Silvia Perez, Pedro Pablo Espana, Ainhoa Gomez, Catia Cilloniz, Ane Uranga, Antoni Torres, Rafael Zalacain
Summary: This study aims to construct a prediction model for bacteraemia in patients with P-CAP based on variables easily obtained at hospital admission. Nine independent factors associated with bacteraemia were identified, and a risk score was developed. The score showed good discrimination and calibration, performing well in the validation cohort.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Luis A. Ruiz, Leyre Serrano, Pedro P. Espana, Lorea Martinez-Indart, Ainhoa Gomez, Beatriz Gonzalez, Amaia Artaraz, Rafael Zalacain
Summary: The study assessed the incidence and risk factors of new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia, finding that older age, heavy drinking, high respiratory rate, leukopenia, severe inflammation, and bacteremia were independent risk factors for developing atrial fibrillation. New-onset atrial fibrillation was associated with higher in-hospital mortality.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Line Carolle Ntandja Wandji, Massih Ningarhari, Elise Lemaitre, Marion Khaldi, Pierre Saffers, Julien Lollivier, Guillaume Lassailly, Sebastien Dharancy, Philippe Mathurin, Alexandre Louvet
Summary: Severe alcohol-related hepatitis patients with lung infection at admission had lower probability of receiving steroids compared to other infections and noninfected patients. Lung infection and nonresponse to steroids were independently associated with 3-month mortality after steroid initiation, highlighting the importance of specific management for lung infection during severe AH.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Abiodun D. Ogunniyi, Hang Thi Nguyen, Karl A. Hansford, Matthew A. Cooper, Darren J. Trott, Mark A. T. Blaskovich
Summary: This study examined the efficacy of MCC5145 in treating bacteremic pneumonia and found that it can reduce the bacterial burden in the lungs and blood in a mouse model. These findings support the further development of MCC5145 as a potential new treatment option for pneumonia and/or bacteremic pneumonia in clinical settings, particularly for immunocompromised individuals.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Eileen M. Dunne, Yinglei Hua, Rasheed Salaudeen, Ilias Hossain, Malick Ndiaye, Belinda D. Ortika, E. Kim Mulholland, Jason Hinds, Sam Manna, Grant A. Mackenzie, Catherine Satzke
Summary: We investigated the pathogenesis of pneumococcal pneumonia using clinical samples. Results demonstrated that pneumococci in the lung originated from the nasopharynx and suggested that changes in pneumococcal gene expression in the lung are a feature of pneumococcal pneumonia.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Phoebe Wellmann, Christian Kromer, Ralf Siemer, Selina Klein, Johannes Mohr, Undine Lippert, Andreas Pinter, Dagmar Wilsmann-Theis, Rotraut Moessner
Summary: The pneumococcal vaccination rate is low among PsO and AD patients in Germany, with PsO patients having a slightly higher rate. Lack of recommendation from physicians is the most common reason for nonvaccination.
Article
Immunology
Toni Herta, Aritra Bhattacharyya, Maciej Rosolowski, Claudia Conrad, Corinne Gurtner, Achim D. Gruber, Peter Ahnert, Birgitt Gutbier, Doris Frey, Norbert Suttorp, Stefan Hippenstiel, Janine Zahlten
Summary: The transcription factor KLF4 plays a crucial role in promoting the pro-inflammatory immune response in macrophages and PMNs during Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. Knockout of KLF4 in myeloid cells leads to insufficient immune response, impaired bacterial clearance, increased tissue damage, and higher mortality in both mouse models and human patients with community-acquired pneumonia. High expression of KLF4 correlates with a more favorable clinical outcome in CAP patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vijay Singh Gondil, Kusum Harjai, Sanjay Chhibber
Summary: This study evaluated the therapeutic potential of a chitosan-based Cpl-1 delivery system for the treatment of pneumococcal pneumonia. Results showed that the system effectively reduced bacterial load, inflammation levels, and cytokine production in animal models, indicating its potential as a treatment approach for drug-resistant bacterial infections.
JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Chiara Pavan, Anna L. R. Xavier, Marta Ramos, Jane Fisher, Marios Kritsilis, Adam Linder, Peter Bentzer, Maiken Nedergaard, Iben Lundgaard
Summary: In this study, it was found that NETs disrupt the transport of cerebrospinal fluid through the glymphatic system in pneumococcal meningitis, leading to the formation of cerebral edema. Treatment with DNase can restore glymphatic transport and reduce the increased brain weight in rats, while first-line antibiotic treatment does not have the same effect on restoring fluid dynamics. Therefore, the glymphatic system and NETs may be potential new treatment targets in pneumococcal meningitis.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Fiordiligie Casilag, Laura Matarazzo, Sebastian Franck, Martin Figeac, Robin Michelet, Charlotte Kloft, Christophe Carnoy, Jean-Claude Sirard
Summary: Stimulation of Toll-like receptor 4 combined with antibiotics can effectively decrease bacterial load and improve protection against lethal bacterial pneumonia. This synergistic approach may reduce the dose or regimen of antibiotics required for treatment.
ACS INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ricard Ferrer, Jose Garnacho-Montero, Pedro Rascado, Sofia Contreras, Luisa Canton-Bulnes, Patricia Barral, Ines del Cerro, Xavier Badia
Summary: This study investigated the use of resources associated with the clinical management of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CRGN) infections. It found that CRGN infections consume a significant amount of healthcare resources, with length of hospital stay being the main driver of total costs.
ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA
(2023)
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
Dolores Gonzalez-Caro, Valle Blazquez-Romero, Jose Garnacho-Montero
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Marta Mejias-Trueba, Aitana Rodriguez-Perez, Irene Sotillo-Sanchez, Susana Sanchez-Fidalgo, Maria Dolores Nieto-Martin, Emilio Garcia-Cabrera
Summary: This study aimed to identify potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) using the LESS-CHRON and STOPPFrail tools in a polymedicated, older population with multimorbidity. The results showed that both tools were effective in detecting PIMs, with LESS-CHRON having a greater detection potential. STOPPFrail provided complementary information in other areas of therapy.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Antoni Torres, Blin Nagavci, Stefano Aliberti, Massimo Antonelli, Matteo Bassetti, Lieuwe Bos, James Chalmers, Lennie Derde, Jan de Waele, Jose Garnacho-Montero, Marin Kollef, Carlos Luna, Rosario Menendez, Michael Niederman, Dimitry Ponomarev, Marcos Restrepo, David Rigau, Marcus Schultz, Emmanuele Weiss, Tobias Welte, Richard Wunderink
Summary: The task force launched the first international guidelines for sCAP, providing evidence-based recommendations for diagnosis, empirical treatment, and antibiotic therapy. The recommendations were based on systematic literature searches and meta-analyses, following the GRADE approach.
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jose Manuel Ortiz de la Rosa, Maria Aznar Fernandez, Angel Rodriguez-Villodres, Carlos S. Casimiro-Soriguera, Jose Miguel Cisneros, Jose Antonio Lepe
Summary: Delafloxacin is a new fluoroquinolone approved for the treatment of complicated bacterial skin infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. However, resistance to delafloxacin has been reported in some strains of S. aureus. This study investigated the activity of delafloxacin against a collection of S. aureus isolates and identified key mechanisms for the development of delafloxacin resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sonia Vazquez-Moron, Maria Iglesias-Caballero, Jose Antonio Lepe, Federico Garcia, Santiago Melon, Jose M. Marimon, Dario Garcia de Viedma, Maria Dolores Folgueira, Juan Carlos Galan, Carla Lopez-Causape, Rafael Benito-Ruesca, Julia Alcoba-Florez, Fernando Gonzalez Candelas, Maria de Toro, Miguel Fajardo, Carmen Ezpeleta, Fernando Lazaro, Sonia Perez Castro, Isabel Cuesta, Angel Zaballos, Francisco Pozo, Inmaculada Casas
Summary: The Spanish laboratory network for coronavirus (RELECOV) was created to enhance genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Spain. Through the development of quality control assessments and the analysis of viral genomes, the network has improved detection, monitoring, and characterization of the virus, contributing to valuable public health surveillance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Claudio Alba-Rubio, German Penalva-Moreno, Tania Cebrero-Cangueiro, Gema Labrador-Herrera, Juan Carlos Crespo-Rivas, Ana Belen Guisado-Gil, Angel Rodriguez-Villodres, Julio Cerillo-Matilla, Barbara Cachero-Alba, Josefa Gil-Moreno, Maria Isabel Galva-Borras, Mercedes Garcia-Moreno, Jose Antonio Lepe, Maria Eugenia Pachon-Ibanez, Jose Miguel Cisneros
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Francisco Alvarez-Lerma, Mercedes Catalan-Gonzalez, Joaquin Alvarez, Miguel Sanchez-Garcia, Mercedes Palomar-Martinez, Inmaculada Fernandez-Moreno, Jose Garnacho-Montero, Fernando Barcenilla-Gaite, Rosa Garcia, Jesus Aranaz-Andres, Francisco J. Lozano-Garcia, Paula Ramirez-Galleymore, Montserrat Martinez-Alonso
Summary: This study assessed the impact of a multimodal interventional project (Zero Resistance) on the acquisition of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR-B) during the patient's ICU stay. The results showed a reduction in the rate of patients acquiring MDR-B after the implementation of the intervention.
MEDICINA INTENSIVA
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
George Dimopoulos, Jose Garnacho-Montero, Elisabeth Paramythiotou, Antonio Gutierrez-Pizarraya, Charalambos Gogos, Maria Adriansen-Perez, Chrysa Diakaki, Dimitrios K. Matthaiou, Garyphalia Poulakou, Karolina Akinosoglou
Summary: This study investigated the clinical features and risk factors for mortality in ICU patients with S. maltophilia infections. The results showed that advanced age and hematologic-oncologic disease were independent risk factors for 28-day mortality. Despite initial treatment response, respiratory infections caused by S. maltophilia had a high mortality rate in critically ill patients.
Article
Microbiology
Hector Toledo, Sara G. Punzon, Guillermo Martin-Gutierrez, Juan A. Perez, Jose A. Lepe
Summary: We evaluated the use of Sysmex UF-5000 cytometer in microbiology for screening negative urine samples, determining the cutoff points for detecting bacteria and leukocytes. Our study included the analysis of 3569 urine samples, the highest number to date in similar studies. The optimal cutoff point for detecting bacteria was found to be 100 bact/μl, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.868, a sensitivity of 96%, a specificity of 50%, a false negative rate of 1.17%, and a 40% reduction in culture usage. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 35.5 and 95.4, respectively. The leukocyte count was not found to be useful. Finally, we concluded that urine screening is not cost-effective in laboratories with similar or smaller sample volumes (284 urines/working day).
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lydia Galvez-Benitez, Jose Manuel Ortiz de la Rosa, Angel Rodriguez-Villodres, Carlos S. Casimiro-Soriguer, Irene Molina-Panadero, Rocio Alvarez-Marin, Remy A. Bonnin, Thierry Naas, Jeronimo Pachon, Jose Miguel Cisneros, Jose Antonio Lepe, Younes Smani
Summary: This study aimed to identify the mechanisms underlying Piperacillin-tazobactam resistance (P/T-R) in Escherichia coli. The results showed that P/T-R isolates had a higher copy number of the bla(TEM) gene, generated by three different genetic events. In addition, reduced expression of OmpC was observed in two P/T-R strains. This study provides important insights into the acquisition of P/T-R in E. coli, which is crucial for effective treatment and prevention of resistant microorganisms.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Francisco Javier Candel, Miguel Salavert, Miren Basaras, Marcio Borges, Rafael Canton, Emilia Cercenado, Catian Cilloniz, Angel Estella, Juan M. Garcia-Lechuz, Jose Garnacho Montero, Federico Gordo, Agustin Julian-Jimenez, Francisco Javier Martin-Sanchez, Emilio Maseda, Mayra Matesanz, Rosario Menendez, Manuel Miron-Rubio, Raul Ortiz de Lejarazu, Eva Polverino, Pilar Retamar-Gentil, Luis Alberto Ruiz-Iturriaga, Susana Sancho, Leyre Serrano
Summary: This paper reviews important issues in the approach to community-acquired pneumonia, including updates in etiology, diagnostic guidance, treatment, management, and prevention.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ordono Alonso-Tunon, Manuel Bertomeu-Cornejo, Isabel Castillo-Cantero, Jose Miguel Borrego-Dominguez, Emilio Garcia-Cabrera, Luis Bejar-Prado, Angel Vilches-Arenas
Summary: The objective of this study was to develop a simple prediction model to determine the risk of blood transfusion in cardiac surgery. By studying the data of patients who underwent cardiac surgery, we identified age, sex, BMI, perioperative hemoglobin level, and type of surgery as predictors of transfusion risk. We developed a predictive model that showed good discriminatory ability in predicting the risk of transfusion in cardiac surgery.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Carmen Martinez-Paz, Emilio Garcia-Cabrera, Angel Vilches-Arenas
Summary: This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of cannabis and cannabinoids as additional therapy in patients with multiple sclerosis. The use of THC and CBD spray has shown to significantly improve spasticity-related symptoms and quality of life. However, the discontinuation rate for this treatment is around 40% due to lack of effectiveness and adverse events.
CANNABIS AND CANNABINOID RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Javier Perez-Florido, Carlos S. Casimiro-Soriguer, Francisco Ortuno, Jose L. Fernandez-Rueda, Andrea Aguado, Maria Lara, Cristina Riazzo, Manuel A. Rodriguez-Iglesias, Pedro Camacho-Martinez, Laura Merino-Diaz, Inmaculada Pupo-Ledo, Adolfo de Salazar, Laura Vinuela, Ana Fuentes, Natalia Chueca, Federico Garcia, Joaquin A. Dopazo, Jose Lepe
Summary: Recombination is an evolutionary strategy to acquire new viral properties quickly. The Andalusian genomic surveillance strategy has revealed a high number of co-infections, providing an ideal setting for the emergence of new recombinants. Whole genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 has been conducted, detecting three novel recombinant variants with two break points. The increased frequency of co-infection and recombination raises the risk of recombinant variants with increased transmissibility and pathogenicity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)