Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael Camilleri, Guy Boeckxstaens
Summary: This article evaluates the evidence that targeted pathophysiological mechanisms and customized treatments can be an alternative approach to treating patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The authors conducted a literature review on the mechanisms and treatments of IBS, identifying various noninvasive clinical tests that can assess the underlying mechanisms responsible for symptom generation. These mechanisms include rectal evacuation disorders, abnormal transit, visceral hypersensitivity or hypervigilance, bile acid diarrhea, sugar intolerances, barrier dysfunction, the microbiome, immune activation, and chemicals released by these mechanisms. The authors also recognized the basic molecular mechanisms contributing to these pathophysiologies, offering opportunities for interventions with medications targeted at specific food components, receptors, and potentially the microbiome. Although the evidence supporting interventions for each mechanism varies, the current state-of-the-art allows for a shift from symptom-based treatment to individualized treatment guided by pathophysiology and clinically identified biomarkers.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kai-Yue Huang, Feng-Yun Wang, Mi Lv, Xiang-Xue Ma, Xu-Dong Tang, Lin Lv
Summary: In the past decade, research on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has focused on the results of epidemiology, overlap disorders, pathophysiology, and treatment. With the upcoming release of Rome V revision, it is necessary to review recent research results on IBS in order to highlight future concerns.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Olga Bednarska, Olga Biskou, Hans Israelsen, Martin E. Winberg, Susanna Walter, Asa V. Keita
Summary: The study demonstrated that ReFerm (R) significantly reduces paracellular permeability and improves TER in colonic biopsies from patients with IBS and in a Caco-2 cell model, highlighting its potential benefits in IBS management. Further research is warranted to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying the barrier-protective effects of ReFerm (R).
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sholpan Omarova, Karem Awad, Verena Moos, Christoph Puening, Greta Goelz, Jorg-Dieter Schulzke, Roland Buecker
Summary: This study observed patients with persistent PI-IBS symptoms after C. jejuni infection and found that the epithelial resistance of the colon epithelium was unaltered, but the permeability of HRP increased and some inflammation-related markers were elevated. Therefore, targeting these mechanisms caused by the infection may help reduce sequelae such as PI-IBS.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cristina Tocia, Irina Magdalena Dumitru, Luana Alexandrescu, Lucian Cristian Petcu, Eugen Dumitru
Summary: This study demonstrates that rifaximin is effective in treating and improving irritable bowel syndrome-like symptoms in patients with Crohn's disease in remission, thereby enhancing their quality of life.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giovanni Marasco, Cesare Cremon, Maria Raffaella Barbaro, Giulia Cacciari, Francesca Falangone, Anna Kagramanova, Dmitry Bordin, Vasile Drug, Egidia Miftode, Pietro Fusaroli, Salem Youssef Mohamed, Chiara Ricci, Massimo Bellini, Mohammed Masudur Rahman, Luigi Melcarne, Javier Santos, Beatriz Lobo, Serhat Bor, Suna Yapali, Deniz Akyol, Ferdane Pirincci Sapmaz, Yonca Yilmaz Urun, Tugce Eskazan, Altay Celebi, Huseyin Kacmaz, Berat Ebik, Hatice Cilem Binicier, Mehmet Sait Bugdayci, Munkhtsetseg Banzragch Yagci, Husnu Pullukcu, Berrin Yalinbas Kaya, Ali Tureyen, Ibrahim Hatemi, Elif Sitre Koc, Goktug Sirin, Ali Riza Caliskan, Goksel Bengi, Esra Ergun Alis, Snezana Lukic, Meri Trajkovska, Keren Hod, Dan Dumitrascu, Antonello Pietrangelo, Elena Corradini, Magnus Simren, Jessica Sjoelund, Navkiran Tornkvist, Uday C. Ghoshal, Olga Kolokolnikova, Antonio Colecchia, Jordi Serra, Giovanni Maconi, Roberto De Giorgio, Silvio Danese, Piero Portincasa, Antonio Di Sabatino, Marcello Maggio, Elena Philippou, Yeong Yeh Lee, Daniele Salvi, Alessandro Venturi, Claudio Borghi, Marco Zoli, Paolo Gionchetti, Pierluigi Viale, Vincenzo Stanghellini, Giovanni Barbara
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms and post-COVID-19 disorders of gut-brain interaction among hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results showed that patients with COVID-19 had higher rates of gastrointestinal symptoms on hospital admission and lower rates of constipation and hard stools at 12 months post-infection compared to the control group. Additionally, the rate of irritable bowel syndrome was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 than in controls.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marilyn Hagan, Bu' Hussain Hayee, Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
Summary: Polyphenols (PPs) may have therapeutic benefits in gastrointestinal (GI) disorders like IBS or IBD, but the evidence base is inconsistent and further research is needed to clarify their effects.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Charlene Choo, Swapna Mahurkar-Joshi, Tien S. Dong, Adrienne Lenhart, Venu Lagishetty, Jonathan P. Jacobs, Jennifer S. Labus, Nancee Jaffe, Emeran A. Mayer, Lin Chang
Summary: Mucosal microbiota differs significantly from fecal microbiota in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). There are significant differences in mucosal microbiota between IBS bowel habit subtypes, and increased abundance of Prevotella copri may contribute to symptoms in patients with IBS.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Xiao Jing Wang, Paula Carlson, Victor Chedid, Daniel B. Maselli, Ann L. Taylor, Sanna McKinzie, Michael Camilleri
Summary: The study measured gene and protein expression in the ileal mucosa of IBS patients, revealing upregulation of barrier proteins, repair function, and cellular functions in IBS-D compared to IBS-C. In IBS-C patients, there were both downregulation and upregulation of gene expression relative to healthy controls, indicating alterations in absorption/secretion mechanisms.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yangfan Hou, Lei Dong, Xiaolan Lu, Haitao Shi, Bing Xu, Wenting Zhong, Lin Ma, Shuhui Wang, Caifeng Yang, Xinyi He, Yidi Zhao, Shenhao Wang
Summary: Changes in intestinal microbiota are associated with the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Maximilian Baumgartner, Michaela Lang, Hunter Holley, Daniel Crepaz, Bela Hausmann, Petra Pjevac, Doris Moser, Felix Haller, Fabian Hof, Andrea Beer, Elisabeth Orgler, Adrian Frick, Vineeta Khare, Rayko Evstatiev, Susanne Strohmaier, Christian Primas, Werner Dolak, Thomas Koecher, Kristaps Klavins, Timo Rath, Markus F. Neurath, David Berry, Athanasios Makristathis, Markus Muttenthaler, Christoph Gasche
Summary: The study reveals the presence of mucosal biofilms in a subset of patients with IBS and ulcerative colitis, which are associated with disrupted bile acid metabolism and bacterial dysbiosis. This provides new insights into the pathophysiology of IBS and ulcerative colitis.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Martyna Wiecek, Paulina Panufnik, Magdalena Kaniewska, Konrad Lewandowski, Grazyna Rydzewska
Summary: The study found that in patients in remission of IBD, a low-FODMAP diet intervention is effective in reducing IBS-like symptoms, regardless of the presence of bacterial overgrowth.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mihaela Fadgyas Stanculete, Abdulrahman Ismaiel, Stefan-Lucian Popa, Octavia Oana Capatina
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a disorder characterized by altered gut-brain interaction and dysfunction of the brain-gut-microbiota axis. Prior studies have shown significant impairments in the health-related quality of life of patients with IBS. Resilience, as a psychosocial ability, plays a crucial role in promoting health and enhancing stress response.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Madhusudan Grover, Antonio Berumen, Stephanie Peters, Ting Wei, Margaret Breen-Lyles, William S. Harmsen, Irene Busciglio, Duane Burton, Maria Vazquez Roque, Kenneth R. DeVault, Michael Camilleri, Michael Wallace, Surendra Dasari, Helmut Neumann, Lesley A. Houghton
Summary: This study found that patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) had a stronger symptom response to small intestinal lipid infusion, which was associated with the expression of TRPV channels, suggesting that TRPV-mediated small intestinal chemosensitivity may play a role in post-meal symptoms in IBS.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Colleen H. Parker, Bruce D. Naliboff, Wendy Shih, Angela P. Presson, Lisa Kilpatrick, Arpana Gupta, Cathy Liu, Laurie A. Keefer, Jenny S. Sauk, Robert Hirten, Bruce E. Sands, Lin Chang
Summary: The study found that resilience is lower in patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) compared to the general population, leading to more severe symptoms. The impact of global mental health on resilience is more significant in IBS compared to the general population, and early adverse life events also decrease the ability to bounce back from adversity. While resilience in IBS is lower than the general US population, it is comparable to other chronic gastrointestinal conditions.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)