Review
Oncology
Shira Zelber-Sagi, Mazen Noureddin, Oren Shibolet
Summary: This review emphasizes the importance of defining modifiable risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and suggests that healthy lifestyle habits, such as maintaining a healthy weight, following a healthy diet, avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, and engaging in physical activity, can potentially prevent HCC. The composition of the diet, including the consumption of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, fish, poultry, vegetables, and fiber, is also important in reducing HCC risk. On the other hand, the consumption of red meat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and sugar is associated with an increased risk of HCC. Multiple studies support the beneficial effect of physical activity in reducing HCC risk. Smoking and alcohol consumption can lead to liver fibrosis and liver cancer, and their combined use further increases the risk. Therefore, comprehensive lifestyle interventions targeting diverse cohorts of liver disease patients are needed to prevent HCC.
Article
Neurosciences
Jill A. Rabinowitz, Adrian Campos, Jue-Sheng Ong, Luis M. Garcia-Marin, Sarael Alcauter, Brittany L. Mitchell, Katrina L. Grasby, Gabriel Cuellar-Partida, Nathan A. Gillespie, Andrew S. Huhn, Nicholas G. Martin, Paul M. Thompson, Sarah E. Medland, Brion S. Maher, Miguel E. Renteria
Summary: The study uncovered a shared genetic etiology between cortical brain morphology and substance use behaviors, suggesting that genetic variants associated with substance use may be causally related to brain structure differences. This may help to better understand the association between brain structure and substance use.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zhenqiu Liu, Chunqing Lin, Chen Suo, Renjia Zhao, Li Jin, Tiejun Zhang, Xingdong Chen
Summary: The study suggests that metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is closely associated with an increased risk of multiple cancers, with the effect varying by cancer site. This finding highlights the importance of prioritizing the prevention and management of MAFLD in current cancer prevention strategies.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gyambo Sithey, Li Ming Wen, Laigden Dzed, Mu Li
Summary: Bhutan is facing a epidemic of noncommunicable diseases with tobacco use, harmful alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, and physical inactivity being the main modifiable risk factors. Older age groups were more likely to be overweight, hypertensive, and diabetic. Smokers were less likely to be overweight or hypertensive but more likely to be diabetic, while alcohol users had a higher likelihood of hypertension. Regular physical activity can protect against overweight and obesity, and high consumption of fruits and vegetables increases the risk of overweight.
Article
Oncology
Hui Liu, Wenjie Shi, Zhi Jin, Rui Zhuo, Jie Dong, Qiufeng Lao, Shengle Li, Weiyi Pang
Summary: The mortality rate of female breast cancer (FBC) has decreased over the last three decades, largely due to a reduction in alcohol and tobacco-related FBC. However, FBC attributable to high BMI and high FPG has been increasing, highlighting the need for more effective prevention strategies for obesity and diabetes.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Alaa Alsaafin, Meghan J. Chenoweth, Marie-Pierre Sylvestre, Jennifer O'Loughlin, Rachel F. Tyndale
Summary: Individuals with the A-group genotype are associated with a higher risk of binge drinking, drinking initiation and escalation, and smoking initiation.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Alexandra Romanova, Michala Lustigova, Jana Urbanova, Radan Keil, Pavlina Krollova, Jan Stovicek, Martin Wasserbauer, Stepan Hlava, Jana Malinovska, Jiri Drabek, Jan Broz
Summary: In the Czech Republic, individuals aged ≥50 years without symptoms are recommended to undergo colorectal cancer (CRC) screening once a year using fecal immunochemical test (FIT) or once in 10 years using colonoscopy. The study found that non-smokers, ex-smokers, those who consume smoked meat products less than once a week, engage in physical activity at least once a week, have been hospitalized or consulted a general practitioner (GP) in the past 12 months were more likely to participate in the screening.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Todd M. Jensen, Naomi N. Duke, Kathleen Mullan Harris, V. Joseph Hotz, Krista M. Perreira
Summary: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors for parents and their adult children at midlife. The research found significant associations between the cardiovascular risk of parents and their adult children at midlife, with adult children's health largely correlated with their parents' health at similar ages.
JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Hae Suk Cheong, Yoosoo Chang, Eun-Jeong Joo, Seungho Ryu
Summary: Smoking is positively associated with an increased risk of infection-related mortality, particularly in current smokers and individuals with pack-years ≥20. Infection-related mortality should be considered in smoking-attributable mortality burdens, emphasizing the need for effective smoking control measures.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Qiu-Yi Tang, Qi Yang, Xian-Qiang Yu, Yu-Xiu Liu, Zhi-Hui Tong, Bai-Qiang Li, Ya-Ting Chen, Evan Yi-Wen Yu, Wei-Qin Li
Summary: This study conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis and found that genetic predisposition to cholelithiasis, obesity, and smoking are causally associated with an increased risk of acute pancreatitis (AP), while whole body fat-free mass may be associated with a decreased risk of AP.
MOLECULAR GENETICS & GENOMIC MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Julia Binnewies, Laura Nawijn, Andreas M. Brandmaier, William F. C. Baare, Carl-Johan Boraxbekk, Naiara Demnitz, Christian A. Drevon, Anders M. Fjell, Ulman Lindenberger, Kathrine Skak Madsen, Lars Nyberg, Anya Topiwala, Kristine B. Walhovd, Klaus P. Ebmeier, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx
Summary: This study found that lifestyle-related risk factors, such as obesity and alcohol use, are negatively associated with hippocampal and total grey matter volumes. Additionally, having multiple unhealthy lifestyle factors leads to a linear reduction in overall brain volume.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Nicolas David Ramirez, Andrea Tissera, Rosa Molina, Pablo Gaggino, Arnaldo Mangeaud, Ana Carolina Martini
Summary: The study found that there was no clear impairment in semen quality in Cordoba, Argentina over the last 20 years. Instead, there was a gradual improvement in some seminal parameters. High BMI and regular exposure to heat/toxics were more frequently associated with semen abnormalities, with their frequency increasing over the study period.
JOURNAL OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTION AND GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Supa Pengpid, Karl Peltzer
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and correlates of current tobacco use, heavy drinking, and both behaviors in Mongolia from 2009 to 2019. The results showed an increase in tobacco use prevalence and a decrease in heavy drinking and combined tobacco use and heavy drinking. Factors such as gender, age, physical activity, urban residence, obesity, and hypertension were associated with these behaviors.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yuta Nemoto, Ryota Sakurai, Hiroko Matsunaga, Masami Hasebe, Yoshinori Fujiwara
Summary: Self-employed workers have a higher prevalence of health risk behaviors compared to employed workers, particularly among younger males. In younger males, permanent employment is associated with lower tobacco use, while non-permanent employment is associated with lower levels of physical inactivity, prolonged sitting, high-frequency drinking, and overweight. Among younger females, non-permanent employment is associated with less prolonged sitting and overweight compared to self-employment. In older males and females, non-permanent employed individuals have a lower prevalence of physical inactivity compared to self-employed workers.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zixuan Su, Zhixin Wu, Xueqing Liang, Meng Xie, Jia Xie, Huiqing Li, Xinghua Wang, Fagang Jiang
Summary: This study used Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate the causal association between unhealthy lifestyle factors and the risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR), and found that higher body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and smoking were likely to be causal factors in the development of DR, while higher hip circumference (HC) was associated with a lower risk of DR.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Fabian Lanuza, Raul Zamora-Ros, Agnetha Linn Rostgaard-Hansen, Anne Tjonneland, Rikard Landberg, Jytte Halkjaer, Cristina Andres-Lacueva
Summary: This study provides data on the variability in the intake of different classes and subclasses of (poly)phenols and their main food sources according to meal events in a Danish population.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Wendy Yi-Ying Wu, Zahra Haider, Xiaoshuang Feng, Alicia K. Heath, Anne Tjonneland, Antonio Agudo, Giovanna Masala, Hilary A. Robbins, Maria-Jose Huerta, Marcela Guevara, Matthias B. Schulze, Miguel Rodriguez-Barranco, Paolo Vineis, Rosario Tumino, Rudolf Kaaks, Renee T. Fortner, Sabina Sieri, Salvatore Panico, Therese Haugdahl Nost, Torkjel M. Sandanger, Tonje Braaten, Mattias Johansson, Beatrice Melin, Mikael Johansson
Summary: The study evaluated the risk-discriminatory performance of the EarlyCDT-Lung test in ever-smokers and found that it is not effective in identifying high-risk individuals for lung cancer screening.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Alessandra Allione, Clara Viberti, Ilaria Cotellessa, Chiara Catalano, Elisabetta Casalone, Giovanni Cugliari, Alessia Russo, Simonetta Guarrera, Dario Mirabelli, Carlotta Sacerdote, Marco Gentile, Fabian Eichelmann, Matthias B. Schulze, Sophia Harlid, Anne Kirstine Eriksen, Anne Tjonneland, Martin Andersson, Martijn E. T. Dolle, Heleen Van Puyvelde, Elisabete Weiderpass, Miguel Rodriguez-Barranco, Antonio Agudo, Alicia K. Heath, Maria-Dolores Chirlaque, Therese Truong, Dzevka Dragic, Gianluca Severi, Sabina Sieri, Torkjel M. Sandanger, Eva Ardanaz, Paolo Vineis, Giuseppe Matullo
Summary: This study identified nine differentially methylated CpGs associated with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) through DNA methylation analysis, and these CpGs can serve as noninvasive biomarkers for the early detection of cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Julie A. Schmidt, Inge Huybrechts, Kim Overvad, Anne Kirstine Eriksen, Anne Tjonneland, Rudolf Kaaks, Verena Katzke, Matthias B. Schulze, Valeria Pala, Carlotta Sacerdote, Rosario Tumino, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Maria-Jose Sanchez, Jose M. Huerta, Aurelio Barricarte, Pilar Amiano, Antonio Agudo, Anders Bjartell, Tanja Stocks, Elin Thysell, Maria Wennberg, Elisabete Weiderpass, Ruth C. Travis, Timothy J. Key, Aurora Perez-Cornago
Summary: This study investigated the associations between dietary protein intake and prostate cancer risk and mortality. The results suggest that dairy protein and yogurt protein are positively associated with prostate cancer risk, while egg protein may be positively associated with prostate cancer mortality. However, considering the weak associations and many tests conducted, these results should be interpreted with caution.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nena Karavasiloglou, David J. Hughes, Neil Murphy, Lutz Schomburg, Qian Sun, Vartiter Seher, Sabine Rohrmann, Elisabete Weiderpass, Anne Tjonneland, Anja Olsen, Kim Overvad, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Francesca Romana Mancini, Yahya Mahamat-Saleh, Rudolf Kaaks, Tilman Kuhn, Matthias B. Schulze, Rosario Tumino, Salvatore Panico, Giovanna Masala, Valeria Pala, Carlotta Sacerdote, Jeroen W. G. Derksen, Guri Skeie, Anette Hjartaker, Cristina Lasheras, Antonio Agudo, Maria-Jose Sanchez, Maria-Dolores Chirlaque, Eva Ardanaz, Pilar Amiano, Bethany Van Guelpen, Bjorn Gylling, Kathryn E. Bradbury, Keren Papier, Heinz Freisling, Elom K. Aglago, Amanda J. Cross, Elio Riboli, Dagfinn Aune, Marc J. Gunter, Mazda Jenab
Summary: Two large European cohort studies found that circulating calcium concentrations were associated with colorectal cancer risk. In the EPIC cohort, total serum calcium was not associated with colorectal cancer, while in the UK-BB cohort, serum ionized calcium was inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Rebekka Faber Thudium, Andreas Ronit, Shoaib Afzal, Yunus Colak, Julie Lyng Forman, Fernando Mendo, Fabian Chen, Vicente Estrada, Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Jens Lundgren, Jorgen Vestbo, Ken M. Kunisaki, Susanne Dam Nielsen
Summary: This study compared the decline in lung function between people living with HIV who receive antiretroviral therapy and matched controls, and found that well-treated PLWH have faster lung function decline than controls. Smoking seems to modify this association, suggesting that smoking may lead to more rapid lung function decline in PLWH than in controls.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nina Roswall, Jesse D. Thacher, Mikael Ogren, Andrei Pyko, Agneta akesson, Anna Oudin, Anne Tjonneland, Annika Rosengren, Aslak H. Poulsen, Charlotta Eriksson, David Segersson, Debora Rizzuto, Emilie Helte, Eva M. Andersson, Gunn Marit Aasvang, Hrafnhildur Gudjonsdottir, Jibran Khan, Jenny Selander, Jesper H. Christensen, Jorgen Brandt, Karin Leander, Kristoffer Mattisson, Kristina Eneroth, Lara Stucki, Lars Barregard, Leo Stockfelt, Maria Albin, Mette K. Simonsen, Marten Spanne, Pekka Jousilahti, Pekka Tiittanen, Peter Molnar, Petter L. S. Ljungman, Tarja Yli-Tuomi, Thomas Cole-Hunter, Timo Lanki, Ulla A. Hvidtfeldt, Youn-Hee Lim, Zorana J. Andersen, Goran Pershagen, Mette Sorensen
Summary: This study investigated the association between traffic noise and colon cancer in a pooled population of 155,203 individuals from 11 Nordic cohorts. The results showed that road traffic noise was associated with an increased risk of colon cancer, particularly distal colon cancer.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Esther Clavero, Jose Manuel Sanchez-Maldonado, Angelica Macauda, Rob Ter Horst, Belem Sampaio-Marques, Artur Jurczyszyn, Alyssa Clay-Gilmour, Angelika Stein, Michelle A. T. Hildebrandt, Niels Weinhold, Gabriele Buda, Ramon Garcia-Sanz, Waldemar Tomczak, Ulla Vogel, Andres Jerez, Daria Zawirska, Marzena Watek, Jonathan N. Hofmann, Stefano Landi, John J. Spinelli, Aleksandra Butrym, Abhishek Kumar, Joaquin Martinez-Lopez, Sara Galimberti, Maria Eugenia Sarasquete, Edyta Subocz, Elzbieta Iskierka-Jazdzewska, Graham G. Giles, Malwina Rybicka-Ramos, Marcin Kruszewski, Niels Abildgaard, Francisco Garcia Verdejo, Pedro Sanchez Rovira, Miguel Inacio da Silva Filho, Katalin Kadar, Malgorzata Razny, Wendy Cozen, Matteo Pelosini, Manuel Jurado, Parveen Bhatti, Marek Dudzinski, Agnieszka Druzd-Sitek, Enrico Orciuolo, Yang Li, Aaron D. Norman, Jan Maciej Zaucha, Rui Manuel Reis, Miroslaw Markiewicz, Juan Jose Rodriguez Sevilla, Vibeke Andersen, Krzysztof Jamroziak, Kari Hemminki, Sonja I. Berndt, Vicent Rajkumar, Grzegorz Mazur, Shaji K. Kumar, Paula Ludovico, Arnon Nagler, Stephen J. Chanock, Charles Dumontet, Mitchell J. Machiela, Judit Varkonyi, Nicola J. Camp, Elad Ziv, Annette Juul Vangsted, Elizabeth E. Brown, Daniele Campa, Celine M. Vachon, Mihai G. Netea, Federico Canzian, Asta Foersti, Juan Sainz
Summary: By conducting a meta-analysis on the germline genetic data of 234 autophagy-related genes from three independent study populations, we investigated the influence of autophagy-related variants on the risk of Multiple Myeloma (MM) and examined the functional mechanisms behind the observed associations. We identified SNPs within the six CD46, IKBKE, PARK2, ULK4, ATG5, and CDKN2A loci associated with MM risk and found that their effect on disease risk was mediated by specific subsets of immune cells, as well as vitamin D3-, MCP-2-, and IL20-dependent mechanisms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Pratik Pokharel, Jamie W. Bellinge, Frederik Dalgaard, Kevin Murray, Marc Sim, Bu B. Yeap, Emma Connolly, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Catherine P. Bondonno, Joshua R. Lewis, Gunnar Gislason, Anne Tjonneland, Kim Overvad, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Carl Schultz, Nicola P. Bondonno
Summary: Observational studies have shown a lower risk of type 2 diabetes with higher vitamin K-1 intake. This study found that higher intake of foods rich in vitamin K-1 was associated with a lower risk of diabetes. This association was present in all subgroups at higher risk, indicating that more cases of diabetes could be prevented.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jakub G. D. Sobiecki, Fumiaki Imamura, Courtney R. Davis, Stephen J. Sharp, Albert Koulman, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Marcela Guevara, Matthias B. Schulze, Ju-Sheng Zheng, Claudia Agnoli, Catalina Bonet, Sandra M. Colorado-Yohar, Guy Fagherazzi, Paul W. Franks, Thomas E. Gundersen, Franziska Jannasch, Rudolf Kaaks, Verena Katzke, Esther Molina-Montes, Peter M. Nilsson, Domenico Palli, Salvatore Panico, Keren Papier, Olov Rolandsson, Carlotta Sacerdote, Anne Tjonneland, Tammy Y. N. Tong, Yvonne T. van der Schouw, John Danesh, Adam S. Butterworth, Elio Riboli, Karen J. Murphy, Nicholas J. Wareham, Nita G. Forouhi
Summary: A study found that adherence to the Mediterranean diet lowered the risk of type 2 diabetes, and objectively assessed adherence had a stronger association than self-reported adherence. The study used biomarkers to assess the actual effectiveness of the Mediterranean diet and found that higher adherence was associated with lower incidence of type 2 diabetes. This research is of importance in reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes and reducing the burden on the population.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David J. Hughes, Lutz Schomburg, Mazda Jenab, Carine Biessy, Catherine Meplan, Aurelie Moskal, Qian Sun, Kamil Demircan, Veronika Fedirko, Elisabete Weiderpass, Maryam Mukhtar, Anja Olsen, Anne Tjonneland, Kim Overvad, Matthias Schulze, Therese Haugdahl Nost, Guri Skeie, Karina Standahl Olsen, Fulvio Ricceri, Sara Grioni, Domenico Palli, Giovanna Masala, Rosario Tumino, Fabrizio Pasanisi, Pilar Amiano, Sandra M. Colorado Yohar, Antonio Agudo, Maria-Jose Sanchez, Eva Ardanaz, Malin Sund, Anne Andersson, Aurora Perez-Cornago, Ruth Travis, Alicia K. Heath, Laure Dossus
Summary: The study found no significant association between selenium status and breast cancer risk. However, higher activity of the selenoenzyme GPX3 was associated with a lower risk of premenopausal breast cancer. Several genetic variants were also found to be associated with breast cancer risk.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Benjamin H. Parmenter, Pratik Pokharel, Frederik Dalgaard, Kevin Murray, Aedin Cassidy, Catherine P. Bondonno, Joshua R. Lewis, Cecilie Kyro, Anne Tjonneland, Kim Overvad, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Nicola P. Bondonno
Summary: This study found that habitual intakes of flavanols and anthocyanins are associated with a lower risk of ischemic stroke from large-artery atherosclerosis and/or cardioembolism, but not with other subtypes.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lena Tschiderer, Sanne A. E. Peters, Yvonne T. van der Schouw, Anniek C. van Westing, Tammy Y. N. Tong, Peter Willeit, Lisa Seekircher, Conchi Moreno-Iribas, Jose Maria Huerta, Marta Crous-Bou, Martin Soderholm, Matthias B. Schulze, Cecilia Johansson, Sara Sjalander, Alicia K. Heath, Alessandra Macciotta, Christina C. Dahm, Daniel B. Ibsen, Valeria Pala, Lene Mellemkjaer, Stephen Burgess, Angela Wood, Rudolf Kaaks, Verena Katzke, Pilar Amiano, Miguel Rodriguez-Barranco, Gunnar Engstrom, Elisabete Weiderpass, Anne Tjonneland, Jytte Halkjaer, Salvatore Panico, John Danesh, Adam Butterworth, N. Charlotte Onland-Moret
Summary: Early menopause is associated with a higher risk of stroke, but the relationships with stroke subtypes are inconsistent. However, genetically proxied age at menopause is not significantly associated with stroke risk, suggesting no causal relationship.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jonas Henrik Kristensen, Clara Amalie Wistisen Koczulab, Emil Anton Frandsen, Rasmus Bo Hasselbalch, Nina Strandkjaer, Nicoline Jorgensen, Morten Ostergaard, Peter Hasse Moller-Sorensen, Jens Christian Nilsson, Shoaib Afzal, Pia Rorbaek Kamstrup, Morten Dahl, Mustafa Vakur Bor, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt, Niklas Rye Jorgensen, Line Rode, Lene Holmvang, Jesper Kjaergaard, Lia Evi Bang, Julie Forman, Kim Dalhoff, Henning Bundgaard, Kasper Karmark Iversen
Summary: This study aims to examine the changes in concentration, time-to-peak, and half-life of cardiac biomarkers in patients with myocardial infarction. Blood samples were collected every three hours within 24 hours after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction. The results showed no notable differences in time-to-peak or half-life between different high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) assays.
IJC HEART & VASCULATURE
(2023)
Article
Toxicology
Ulla Vogel, Anne T. Saber, Nicklas R. Jacobsen, Pernille H. Danielsen, Karin S. Hougaard, Niels Hadrup
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2023)