Pyrazino-[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline as a new anchoring group of organic dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells

Two novel donor-acceptor organic dyes (PPL-1 and PPL-2) with pyrazino-[2,3-f][1,10] phenanthroline as an electron-withdrawing anchoring group were designed and synthesized for dye-sensitized solar cells, achieving a promising power conversion efficiency of 4.04% under standard AM 1.5 conditions.