Article
Thermodynamics
Huiqin Yin, Xiaomin Wu, Changjian Ling, Xing Lai, Biao Hu, Zhongfeng Tang
Summary: This study aims to build a thermodynamic database for the LiCl/RbCl/CaCl2-NaCl-UCl3-PuCl3 system and evaluate the suitability of LiCl, RbCl, and CaCl2 as additives for the matrix fuel of a Molten Salt Reactor. The CALPHAD method is used, and models including substitutional solution and compound energy formalism are adopted to describe the phases. The models are optimized based on experimental and theoretical data, and the thermodynamic parameters are obtained. Phase diagram information is predicted, and the impact of LiCl, RbCl, and CaCl2 on the matrix fuel is investigated. The results suggest that RbCl is a suitable additive, while LiCl and CaCl2 are not. This study enriches the thermodynamic databases and provides guidance for the design and preparation of nuclear fuel in a Molten Salt Reactor.
CALPHAD-COMPUTER COUPLING OF PHASE DIAGRAMS AND THERMOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
W. El Fadel, S. El Hantati, Z. Nour, A. Dinane, B. Messnaoui, A. Samaouali
Summary: The mixed aqueous electrolyte system of ammonium chloride and ammonium di-hydrogen phosphate was investigated using the hygrometric method. The water activities, osmotic coefficient, and solubilities were measured and compared with existing rules. A model was established to predict the solute activity coefficients for different compositions and calculate the solubility and excess Gibbs energy.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Chun-Xia He, Han-Zhong Zhang, Shi-Hua Sang, Yun-Yun Gao, Rui-zhi Cui
Summary: The solubilities of salts in the ternary system LiCl-SrCl2-H2O and quaternary system LiCl-KCl-SrCl2-H2O were determined at 288.15 K using the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. Equilibrium phase diagrams were drawn for both systems, showing the invariant points, univariant curves, and crystallization regions. The phase equilibria of the two systems at different temperatures were compared and discussed.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Valeriia Baranauskaite, Maria Belysheva, Olga Pestova, Yuri Anufrikov, Mikhail Skripkin, Yuri Kondratiev, Vassily Khripun
Summary: This study investigated the missing data on dilution and dissolution enthalpies for the ternary CsCl-MgCl2-H2O mixed electrolyte system, finding that entropy is the major factor affecting the formation of the joint compound. The results provide valuable information for accurate thermodynamic calculations and potential applications in salts extraction and thermochemical energy storage.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Ze-lin MIAO, Jing ZHAN, Zi-wei XU
Summary: The study investigated the precipitation behaviors of Cu2+ and Ni2+ under certain conditions, revealing the predominant coordination reactions with NH3 at high pH levels. The simultaneous precipitation of Cu2+ and Ni2+ can occur within pH ranges of 2.0-6.5 and 2.0-5.5, respectively.
TRANSACTIONS OF NONFERROUS METALS SOCIETY OF CHINA
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yulong Zhang, Yun Li, Hongfei Guo, Xiuwu Liu, Dong Xu, Jilin Cao
Summary: In this study, the phase equilibrium data of the quaternary system KCl-KBr-NaCl-NaBr-H2O were measured using the isothermal dissolution method and a phase diagram was plotted. The results showed the presence of an invariant point and three crystallization zones in the system. A modified model was used to calculate the solubilities of the quaternary system and the computed values agreed well with the experimental data. Based on these findings, a new extraction process was developed, resulting in the production of NaBr products with a purity of 98.23% and achieving full circulation of the mother solution.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Soukaina El Hantati, Wiam El Fadel, Zineb Nour, Abderrahim Dinane, Brahim Messnaoui, Abderrahim Samaouali
Summary: The OCP Group in Morocco is a major producer and distributor of phosphates and fertilizers globally. They have launched the Green Africa strategy to transform African agriculture and improve food production. This study focuses on the influence of electrolytes on the fertilizing effectiveness of KBr-KH2PO4-H2O system. The study includes measurements of water activity, osmotic coefficient, and solubilities of the components using different models and techniques.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Lele Chen, Xiuxiu Yang, Yafei Guo, Tianlong Deng, Dan Li, Lingzong Meng
Summary: This study investigated the solubilities of four crystals and the distribution of boron species B(OH)4 and B4O5(OH)4 in a mixed solution within a quaternary system at 298.15K. The calculated solubility curves and pH curves were consistent with experimental results, indicating the influence of m(B) on the mole fractions of boron species in the solution.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Dongchan Li, Shaoqiang Gu, Ce Li
Summary: This study investigated the solid-liquid phase equilibrium of a quaternary system using the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method and accurately plotted the corresponding phase diagram. A new double salt was discovered, and the predicted solubilities aligned well with the experimental values.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Turki Alghamdi, Khaled S. Baamran, Monday U. Okoronkwo, Ali A. Rownaghi, Fateme Rezaei
Summary: In this study, the CO2 capture performance of potassium-promoted CaO double salts (K-Ca) was improved through metal doping with iron and indium at high temperatures. The results showed that metal doping not only enhances capture capacity but also improves the kinetics of CO2 adsorption and desorption. However, cyclic tests revealed a significant loss in CO2 uptake at high temperatures, indicating the need to address the performance-stability trade-off for K-Ca double salts.
Article
Thermodynamics
Ziyu Zhuang, Dongdong Li, Yanfei Fan, Dandan Gao, Dewen Zeng
Summary: In this study, the solubility isotherms of the H3BO3 + CsCl + H2O system were determined, revealing the presence of three solubility branches and the composition of a novel adduct. Furthermore, by solving the single crystal structure and modeling using the Pitzer-Simonson-Clegg (PSC) model, a complete phase diagram of the system was constructed.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Qing Hao, Huan Zhou, Jing Yu Chang, Jie Li, Yun Zhao
Summary: Brine deposited in Chaerhan salt lake belongs to the chloride type and can be simplified into the hexanary system Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl--H2O. The study expands the solubility behavior research and phase diagram determination to the quaternary system of Li+, K+, and Ca2+IICl-- H2O. The phase equilibrium data and solid species are reported, and the salting-in effect is exhibited in the Li+, K+, and Ca2+IICl--H2O system.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tong Lei, Zuoqin Qian, Jie Ren
Summary: New configurations of series parallel (SP) and reverse parallel (RP) using LiCl-H2O and LiBr-H2O as working fluids combined with vapor compressors (VC) are proposed to enhance the performance of conventional double-effect absorption refrigeration systems (DEARS). The impact of distribution ratio (D) and compression ratio (CR) on system performance is investigated. The results show that both configurations effectively extend the operating ranges of DEARS at higher distribution ratios, and the utilization of low-grade heat source is significantly improved by the use of VC. The compressor positioned between the evaporator and absorber performs better due to better performance improvement and larger operating ranges. LiCl-H2O systems outperform LiBr-H2O systems in terms of coefficient of performance (COP) and exergetic efficiency. At a higher CR of approximately 2, the compression-assisted DEARS can be driven by heat sources below 100°C with COPs above 1.16 for LiBr-H2O and 1.29 for LiCl-H2O. The system can operate optimally by adjusting CR values based on heat source characteristics.
Article
Thermodynamics
Lijiang Guo, Quanbao Zhou, Dewen Zeng
Summary: Water activities of CuCl2-MCl2-H2O (M=Mg, Ca) ternary systems and their sub-binary systems were measured at 298.15K, with results showing that the Reaction model successfully predicted the water activity and solubility in these systems. The Pitzer model and PSC model were found to be inconsistent in representing the thermodynamic properties of these systems. The study also demonstrated how the Reaction model accounted for the distribution of Cu-bearing species in relation to MgCl2 (CaCl2) molalities and the influence of electrolyte solution structure variation on macroproperties.
FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wei Meng, Fenggui Sui, Xuefeng Hao, Shoupeng Zhang, Yue Jiang, Songbai Wu, Tianjiao Zhang, Yuelin Feng
Summary: The study investigated the types and contents of particles in aqueous solutions under different temperature and pressure conditions. Results showed that the content of various particles in the aqueous solution is mainly controlled by temperature and CO2 partial pressure. Ca- and C-containing particles are greatly impacted by temperature changes, while Al- and Si-rich particles show minimal changes as temperature varies.