Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pierre Bensidoun, Taylor Reiter, Ben Montpetit, Daniel Zenklusen, Marlene Oeffinger
Summary: This study investigates the formation of nuclear basket in budding yeast and discovers its dependence on RNA transcription and mRNP processing. The subset of nucleoplasmic NPCs containing baskets are found to associate with a distinct protein and RNA interactome, indicating the heterogeneity of NPC functionalization in yeast and the involvement of RNA in this process.
Review
Cell Biology
Pierre Bensidoun, Daniel Zenklusen, Marlene Oeffinger
Summary: The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is the central gate for mRNA transportation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The export competence of mRNAs is linked to upstream nuclear processes, and recent evidence suggests that the NPC may be more heterogeneous than previously believed, providing functional plasticity to mRNA export. Interconnected processes of nuclear mRNA metabolism and NPC heterogeneity play crucial roles in regulating export competence.
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maxime Mazille, Katarzyna Buczak, Peter Scheiffele, Oriane Mauger
Summary: The nuclear envelope not only acts as a physical barrier between the nucleus and cytosol, but also plays a role in regulating gene expression. This study reveals that a majority of stable intron-retaining mRNAs are retained in the nucleus in mature mouse cortical neurons. Upon neuronal stimulation, some transcripts undergo degradation while others complete splicing and are exported to the cytosol, leading to rapid increases in protein levels. Different forms of stimulation mobilize distinct groups of intron-retaining transcripts, with selectivity arising from specific signaling pathways.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiayin Guo, Yaru Zhu, Xiaoya Ma, Guijun Shang, Bo Liu, Ke Zhang
Summary: Gene expression in eukaryotes involves transcription, mRNA synthesis, and mRNA export through the nuclear pore complex (NPC). Viral proteins can interact with host factors involved in mRNA export, leading to inhibition of host gene expression and enhanced viral mRNA export. Understanding these mechanisms can help develop antivirals to inhibit viral mRNA transport and enhance host gene expression, promoting immune responses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Merce Gomar-Alba, Vasilisa Pozharskaia, Bogdan Cichocki, Celia Schaal, Arun Kumar, Basile Jacquel, Gilles Charvin, J. Carlos Igual, Manuel Mendoza
Summary: Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) mediate communication between the nucleus and the cytoplasm and regulate gene expression. Lysine acetyltransferase Esa1 acetylates the nuclear pore basket component Nup60, which recruits the mRNA export factor Sac3, to promote mRNA export. This mechanism also regulates cell entry into S phase and prevents premature commitment to a new cell division cycle in G1 daughter cells.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hideharu Hashimoto, Daniel H. Ramirez, Ophelie Lautier, Natalie Pawlak, Gunter Blobel, Benoit Palancade, Erik W. Debler
Summary: The study reports the retention of unspliced pre-mRNA by ScPml39 protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae prior to export through nuclear pore complexes. The crystal structure of ScPml39 was determined, revealing its structural orthologs and providing insights into its function and mechanism.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Katherine L. B. Borden
Summary: This review highlights the importance of RNA export in cellular trafficking and the aberrant phenomena observed in cancer. Studies on RNA export machinery and relevant NPC components offer potential therapeutic strategies for targeting cancer.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sylwia Gorka, Dawid Kubiak, Malgorzata Ciesinska, Katarzyna Niedojadlo, Jaroslaw Tyburski, Janusz Niedojadlo
Summary: Retention of RNA in the nucleus is crucial for regulating translation and controlling mRNA levels variability. The function of Cajal bodies (CBs) in RNA accumulation in the nuclei during stress depends on the plant organ. Intron retention is more important than CBs for RNA accumulation, as it allows mRNA to escape degradation and be translated in the cytoplasm. However, the absence of CBs leads to worse response to long hypoxia stress in A. thaliana.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Zeru Li, Cheng Qin, Bangbo Zhao, Yuanyang Wang, Tianyu Li, Yutong Zhao, Weibin Wang
Summary: The study identified a new intron retention gene in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, which is regulated by the upstream splicer DHX38. The reduction of DHX38 expression leads to the retention of the fourth intron of RELL2, causing nonsense-mediated mRNA decay and inhibiting apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells, ultimately promoting drug resistance. This research provides a potential therapeutic target for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
James M. Burke, Alison R. Gilchrist, Sara L. Sawyer, Roy Parker
Summary: The study demonstrates that RNase L-mediated mRNA decay does not completely limit protein synthesis of dengue virus and influenza A virus, as their mRNAs largely escape this process. However, activation of RNase L inhibits nuclear mRNA export, thereby restricting influenza A virus protein synthesis and cytokine production.
Article
Virology
Lisa Wendt, Janine Brandt, Dmitry S. Ushakov, Bianca S. Bodmer, Matthew J. Pickin, Allison Groseth, Thomas Hoenen
Summary: This study reveals the mechanistic details of how Ebola virus (EBOV) and other viruses utilize the nuclear RNA export factor 1 (NXF1) to export viral mRNAs from viral inclusion bodies (IBs). It shows that NXF1 is not only required for the EBOV life cycle but also for other viruses known to replicate in cytoplasmic IBs. These findings suggest NXF1 as a promising target for the development of broadly active antivirals.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yoav Lubelsky, Binyamin Zuckerman, Igor Ulitsky
Summary: The functions of long RNAs depend on their subcellular localization, but the identity of the sequences that dictate this localization and their high-resolution anatomy remain largely unknown. By using massively parallel RNA assays, the study identified the features within the SIRLOIN element and RNA-binding proteins that are required for its activity, providing a roadmap for high-throughput dissection of functional sequence elements in long RNAs.
Review
Parasitology
Susanne Kramer
Summary: The passage of mRNAs through nuclear pores into the cytoplasm is essential for all eukaryotes, with mRNA export tightly connected to nuclear mRNA processing. Trypanosoma brucei exhibits unusual features in nuclear mRNA processing, lacking key complexes and proteins found in opisthokonts. Further investigation is needed to determine the extent of mRNA export regulation in trypanosomes and the evolutionary implications of mRNA export across eukaryotes.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Francisca Rojas Ringeling, Shounak Chakraborty, Caroline Vissers, Derek Reiman, Akshay M. Patel, Ki-Heon Lee, Ari Hong, Chan-Woo Park, Tim Reska, Julien Gagneur, Hyeshik Chang, Maria L. Spletter, Ki-Jun Yoon, Guo-li Ming, Hongjun Song, Stefan Canzar
Summary: Ladder-seq is a method that improves the quality of RNA sequencing transcriptomes by separating transcripts by length before sequencing. Simulated data showed that Ladder-seq accurately quantifies transcripts of complex genes and has higher accuracy and sensitivity in transcript assembly. In experimental data, Ladder-seq identifies more genes with isoform switches and reveals widespread changes in isoform usage after m(6)A depletion.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sangsoo Lee, Haesoo Jung, Sunkyung Choi, Namjoon Cho, Eun-Mi Kim, Kee Kwang Kim
Summary: This study reveals that the expression of the METTL3 gene is regulated by alternative splicing, and intron retention inhibits the export of METTL3-IR mRNA to the cytoplasm, resulting in suppressed protein expression.