Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ji Su Yang, Naeun Yoon, Mingyu Kong, Byung Hwa Jung, Hyunbeom Lee, Jinyoung Park
Summary: While attempts were made to inhibit cancer cell growth by combining FASN and USP14 inhibitors, there were no synergistic effects on cancer cell death compared to FASN inhibitor alone. Surprisingly, the USP14 inhibitor IU1 did not significantly affect FASN levels in cancer cells, and metabolite changes in IU1-treated cells differed significantly from those in cells treated with the FASN inhibitor Fasnall.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Keith T. Woodley, Mark O. Collins
Summary: Protein palmitoylation is important in cellular processes, with the palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC5 being a unique member of the PAT family that plays a vital role in different cell types. Recent research has revealed several mechanisms to control the activity, localization, and function of ZDHHC5.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ling Huang, Jun Zhang, Bo Wei, Shuangyang Chen, Sitong Zhu, Weiguan Qi, Xiaoying Pei, Lulu Li, Weiguang Liu, Yuzhi Wang, Xiaojun Xu, Lan-Gui Xie, Liming Chen
Summary: Lack of MHC-II is identified as a key factor in cancer immune evasion, and the development of small-molecule MHC-II inducers is essential. In this study, researchers discovered three MHC-II inducers that effectively induce MHC-II expression in breast cancer cells and inhibit the development of breast cancer. The findings suggest that MHC-II plays a central role in promoting immune detection of cancer and enhancing anti-cancer immunity by increasing T cell infiltration in tumors. The study also revealed that fatty acid-mediated MHC-II silencing is directly linked to immune detection evasion and cancer metabolic reprogramming.
CELL CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chandan Sharma, Wei Yang, Hanno Steen, Michael R. Freeman, Martin E. Hemler
Summary: The ablation of protein acyltransferase DHHC3 enhances the anti-cancer cell activities of chemotherapeutic agents by increasing oxidative stress and disabling antioxidant protections. This can lead to a greater than additive effect when combined with chemotherapeutic drugs, ultimately enhancing their anti-growth effects. Targeting DHHC3 could be a useful strategy for selectively enhancing the potency of oxidative stress-inducing anti-cancer drugs.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yonghong Zhang, Xiaoqian Fang, Luis Ascota, Libo Li, Lili Guerra, Audrey Vega, Amanda Salinas, Andrea Gonzalez, Claudia Garza, Andrew Tsin, Johannes W. Hell, James B. Ames
Summary: Chemical synaptic transmission is a highly regulated process and imbalanced neurotransmitters can lead to impairments. PSD-95 plays a crucial role in synaptic development and maturation, and its interaction with zinc may influence its postsynaptic membrane association and palmitoylation.
Article
Oncology
Yanyan Tang, Rui Tang, Mengtian Tang, Ping Huang, Zhiqiang Liao, Jumei Zhou, Lianqing Zhou, Min Su, Pan Chen, Jiarui Jiang, Yingbin Hu, Yujuan Zhou, QianJin Liao, Zhaoyang Zeng, Wei Xiong, Junhong Chen, Shaolin Nie
Summary: Long non-coding RNA DNAJC3-AS1 is highly expressed in colorectal cancer and associated with poor prognosis. Interfering with DNAJC3-AS1 can reduce proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells. The study found that DNAJC3-AS1 regulates fatty acid synthase to promote the progression of CRC.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Qiushi Zhao, Xingyu Lin, Guan Wang
Summary: SREBP-1, a crucial transcription factor, is involved in the metabolic reprogramming of various cancers and can serve as a biomarker for prognosis or drug efficacy in cancer patients. This review discusses the structure, activation, and key upstream signaling pathways of SREBP-1, as well as its potential targets and therapeutic approaches in cancer treatment.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Huiling Guo, Juan Wang, Su Ren, Lang-Fan Zheng, Yi-Xuan Zhuang, Dong-Lin Li, Hui-Hui Sun, Li-Ying Liu, Changchuan Xie, Ya-Ying Wu, Hong-Rui Wang, Xianming Deng, Peng Li, Tong-Jin Zhao
Summary: Aberrant activation of EGFR is associated with poor prognosis in tumors. Blocking the sorting system for EGFR can be an effective strategy for treating EGFR-dependent tumors. ARF6 plays a key role in the trafficking of EGFR from Golgi to plasma membrane.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Eleftheria Koropouli, Qiang Wang, Rebeca Mejias, Randal Hand, Tao Wang, David D. Ginty, Alex L. Kolodkin
Summary: The secretion of Sema3F inhibits dendritic spine formation by palmitoylation of Nrp2, while the secretion of Sema3A enhances basal dendrite extension by palmitoylation of Nrp1. These findings demonstrate the essential role of palmitoylation in establishing neuronal structure and functional responses to guidance cues.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia Lesko, Alexander Triebl, Elvira Stacher-Priehse, Nicole Fink-Neuboeck, Joerg Lindenmann, Freyja-Maria Smolle-Juettner, Harald C. Koefeler, Andelko Hrzenjak, Horst Olschewski, Katharina Leithner
Summary: This study investigates the dynamics of phospholipids in lung cancer tissue by analyzing de novo biosynthesis of glycerophospholipids using stable isotopic labeling. The results suggest increased turnover of PE in lung cancer tissue compared to normal lung tissue, supported by enhanced expression of PE biosynthesis genes and decreased expression of PC and PI biosynthesis genes. These findings provide insights into metabolic alterations in lung cancer and suggest potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Qiqiao Du, Pan Liu, Chunyu Zhang, Tianyu Liu, Wei Wang, Chunliang Shang, Jieyu Wu, Yuandong Liao, Yili Chen, Jiaming Huang, Hao Tan, Yunhe Zhao, Meng Xia, Junxiu Liu, Shuzhong Yao
Summary: This study uncovers a novel molecular mechanism in lymph node metastasis (LNM) of cervical cancer (CC) and identifies fatty acid synthase (FASN) as a crucial player and a potential therapeutic target for LNM in CC.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jordan J. Shimell, Andrea Globa, Marja D. Sepers, Angela R. Wild, Nusrat Matin, Lynn A. Raymond, Shernaz X. Bamji
Summary: Palmitoylation, a common post-translational lipid modification in the brain, plays an important role in the formation and/or maintenance of excitatory synapses. Zdhhc5, an enzyme previously known to regulate synapse plasticity, is essential for excitatory synapse formation but not inhibitory synapses, depending on its enzymatic activity, localization, and C-terminal domain. Loss of Zdhhc5 in mice decreases the density of excitatory hippocampal synapses, impacting membrane capacitance and synaptic currents.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Qiao Xiong, Dechao Feng, Ziwei Wang, Yidie Ying, Chuanliang Xu, Qiang Wei, Shuxiong Zeng, Lu Yang
Summary: The study found that fatty acid metabolism genes have potential applications in predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response in bladder cancer. A prognostic model was constructed and key fatty acid metabolism genes were identified in bladder cancer. Fatty acid synthase plays a central role in bladder cancer, and its differential expression is related to survival and muscle invasion. The study also found that the differential expression of fatty acid synthase is significantly related to immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy response.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Kaitlyn M. J. H. Dennis, Lisa C. C. Heather
Summary: Numerous cellular proteins undergo post-translation modification through the addition of lipid groups, such as myristoylation and palmitoylation, which impact protein structure, localization, stability, and binding affinity. Palmitoylation, involving the covalent attachment of a 16-carbon saturated fatty acyl chain to a cysteine, is unique as it is reversible and enzyme-driven, rapidly affecting protein targeting and subcellular trafficking. Palmitoylation is catalyzed by palmitoyl acyltransferases (DHHCs), while the reverse reaction is catalyzed by acyl-protein thioesterases (APTs).
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shu Zeng, Fan Wu, Mengyue Chen, Yun Li, Mengyue You, Yang Zhang, Ping Yang, Li Wei, Xiong Z. Ruan, Lei Zhao, Yaxi Chen
Summary: In this study, we found that inhibiting the palmitoylation of FAT/CD36 promotes its localization to the mitochondria of hepatocytes, thereby alleviating NAFLD. Mitochondrial FAT/CD36 acts as a molecular bridge between LCFAs and ACSL1, increasing the production of long-chain acyl-CoA and promoting FAO, thus preventing lipid accumulation and excessive ROS production in hepatocytes.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Liang-Peng Chen, Ming-Ran Wang, Rong Wang, Da Li, Li-Wei Zhang, Zhen Wu, Jun-Ting Zhang, Hui Qiao, Liang Wang
Summary: The bilateral final/baseline threshold level changes of lower cranial nerve MEPs were found to be significantly correlated with postoperative swallowing function deterioration in patients with skull base and brainstem tumors. An increase in bilateral final/baseline threshold level change of more than 20% was predictive of permanent swallowing deterioration, especially in patients with poor swallowing function preoperatively.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Shaojie Chang, Zhenhua Wu, Diwei Liu, Renbin Zhong, Zhaoyun Duan, Yanyu Wei, Yubin Gong, Min Hu
Summary: A novel method for extracting and amplifying the third harmonic of an electron beam to generate high-power terahertz radiation is presented. This approach utilizes three planar grating structures operating in the backwave region to extract and amplify the electron beam from the fundamental modulation, resulting in an amplified output of the fundamental wave and a high power output of the fundamental triplet frequency. The planar grating structure is easier to machine and assemble compared to conventional harmonic amplifiers and allows for increased electron beam flow rate.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jie Huang, Tao Song, Xu Qi, Taotao Mao, Chen Zhang, Peisheng Liang, Wei Wang, Jiao Jiao, Na Yao, Kaichun Zhang, Zhenhua Wu, Tao Zhao, Min Hu, Yanyu Wei, Yubin Gong, Diwei Liu
Summary: A frequency-tunable gyrotron with multi-band radiation has been designed, manufactured, and experimentally investigated. The frequency tuning scheme employing transverse modes switching and axial mode transition is used to achieve multiband radiation. Three modes TE02, TE43, and TE24 are excited successively with the increase of the magnetic field, and their main operating frequencies are 140, 250, and 263 GHz, respectively. Experimental results show that a certain frequency-tuning range can be obtained at each frequency band by exciting a series of high-order axial modes.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Guohui Zhan, Zhilong Yang, Kun Luo, Shengli Zhang, Zhenhua Wu
Summary: Based on density-functional theory and the nonequilibrium-Green's-function formalism, a systematic simulation study of room-temperature strained VSi2N4-based magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) was conducted. The results showed a spin-conductance match in Ag/VSi2N4-VSi2N4/Ag MTJs at the HSE06 level, leading to a theoretically predicted 1200% tunnel-magnetoresistance (TMR) ratio and perfect spin-injection efficiency. The coexistence of a Weyl semimetal and a half-metal state was also found in 1.965% tensile-biaxial-strained monolayer VSi2N4, and a slight compressive strain boosted the TMR ratio by 2 orders of magnitude in strained VSi2N4-based MTJs.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Haoqing Xu, Jiaxin Yao, Zhizhen Yang, Lei Cao, Qingzhu Zhang, Yongliang Li, Anyan Du, Huaxiang Yin, Zhenhua Wu
Summary: This article presents a physics-based simulation study of a Si-core-SiGe-shell gate-all-around nanosheet FET. The study evaluates the effect of various factors on electrostatics and transport properties and suggests that the proposed core-shell structure is a potential candidate for advanced technology nodes.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Srinivasa Naik Bhukya, Zhenhua Wu, Abdelmageed Elmustafa, Aiman Al-Allaq, Manish Ojha, Yousuf Mohammed
Summary: This research investigates the effects of copper (Cu) donor material assisted friction stir welding (FSW) on AA2024-T4 and AA6061-T6 plates of 6.35 mm thickness. By introducing Cu donor material, the downward force generated during FSW process is gradually decreased, and the temperature at the beginning of welding process is increased. Defect-free joints with improved tensile strength can be obtained by placing high strength AA2024 alloy at the advancing side of the weld with 25% thick donor material. SEM Fractography images confirm mixed modes of brittle and ductile fracture surfaces after the inclusion of donor material in FSW.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Robotics
Dongxia Wang, Liangwen Wang, Hongchang Xie, Zhenzhen Wu, Guizhong Xie, Caidong Wang, Huadong Zheng, Zhuang Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a type of manipulator configuration with four-fingers for grasping fragile hollow workpieces, which has adjustable finger length and finger pad shape. The manipulator can be used to grasp the internal cross section of fragile objects within a certain range with different size of circular and oval shape. The design idea and structure of the manipulator are introduced, and the join positions between the finger pad and the finger body are comparatively analyzed and researched regarding forming force contact with workpiece. By analyzing the internal forces and deformations between finger pad and workpiece based on a finite element analysis model, the research provides a theoretical basis for the design optimization of the finger pad structure and the connection point positions. The experiments show that the proposed manipulator structure can meet the requirements of relevant tasks.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ROBOTIC SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Ying Lin, Bo Yu, Haifeng Sun, Hongyu Zhang, Zhihuang Hu, Yao Zhang, Zhenhua Wu, Si Sun, Xinmin Zhao, Hui Yu, Xianghua Wu, Yuan Li, Jialei Wang, Huijie Wang
Summary: This research explored the efficacy of different treatments in thoracic SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumor (SD-UT) and compared the differences in prognosis, clinicopathology, and genomics between SD-UT and SMARCA4-deficient non-small cell lung cancer (SD-NSCLC). The study found that immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) plus chemotherapy significantly improved progression-free survival in Stage IV SD-UT patients. The genetic study revealed frequent mutations of SMARCA4, TP53, and LRP1B in SD-UT.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lanxing Wang, Chunxiao Qi, Hongmei Cao, Yanwen Zhang, Xing Liu, Lina Qiu, Hang Wang, Lijuan Xu, Zhenzhou Wu, Jianfeng Liu, Shusen Wang, Deling Kong, Yuebing Wang
Summary: Researchers have found that HAL-loaded engineered cytokine-primed MSC-EVs (H@TI-EVs) with high expression of immune checkpoint molecule PD-L1 can accumulate in injured pancreas and treat type 1 diabetes (T1D) by reducing T cell density and activation, and promoting macrophage transition. This study provides a novel strategy for imaging and treatment of T1D, with great potential for clinical application.
Article
Mathematics
Min LI, Chenchen Mou, Zhen Wu, Chao Zhou
Summary: In this paper, the authors study a class of linear-quadratic mean field games with common noises and their corresponding N-player games. They analyze the limiting behavior of the representative player and obtain their optimal control in a feedback form. The mean field equilibrium is determined by the Nash certainty equivalence system. By assuming the non-degeneracy of idiosyncratic noises, they solve the N-player game and prove convergence results and the propagation of chaos property.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shangshu Qian, Hao Chen, Mengting Zheng, Yuxuan Zhu, Chao Xing, Yuhui Tian, Pan Yang, Zhenzhen Wu, Shanqing Zhang
Summary: Lithium metal anodes have a higher specific capacity than commercial graphite anodes, making them attractive for rechargeable batteries. However, the growth of lithium dendrites poses safety concerns, hindering their practical application. This review summarizes the strategies for protecting lithium metal anodes by preventing dendrite growth, regulating lithium deposition behaviors, and healing existing dendrites. Integrating different strategies can enhance their advantages, narrowing the gap between experimental research and commercial application of lithium metal batteries.
ENERGY STORAGE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Tao Yang, Zhichao Hao, Zhenzhen Wu, Binxin Xu, Jiangchen Liu, Le Fan, Qinmei Wang, Yanshan Li, Dongying Li, Sangzhu Tang, Chuanzi Liu, Weichang Li, Wei Teng
Summary: In this study, researchers attempted to engineer compact constructs resembling the full-scale hierarchy of lamellar bone using bioskiving and mineralization techniques. The effect of mineralization on the physicochemical properties and bioactivities of the multi-sheeted collagen matrix was systematically investigated. By mineralizing the constructs for 9 days, accurate mimicry of each hierarchical scale and efficient promotion of osteogenesis were achieved. Bioinformatic analysis further revealed the activation of the integrin alpha 5-PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, which contributed to the repair of critical-sized bone defects. This study provides a bioinspired strategy for replicating the complex hierarchy of compact mineralized tissue and offers a critical research model for studying the structure-function relationship of bone in depth.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Yan Wang, Jian Cheng, Yixin Chen, Shuai Shao, Lanyun Zhu, Zhenzhou Wu, Tao Liu, Haogang Zhu
Summary: This paper proposes a Fourier Visual Prompting (FVP) method for Source-Free UDA (SFUDA) in medical image segmentation. By adding a visual prompt to the input target data, the frozen pre-trained model can perform well in the target domain. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed FVP method achieves better segmentation results compared to existing methods.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hongyan Du, Dejun Jiang, Odin Zhang, Zhenxing Wu, Junbo Gao, Xujun Zhang, Xiaorui Wang, Yafeng Deng, Yu Kang, Dan Li, Peichen Pan, Chang-Yu Hsieh, Tingjun Hou
Summary: Contemporary structure-based molecular generative methods have shown great potential in drug design. However, existing methods have limitations such as contradicting chemical intuition and relying on large-scale structural data. To overcome these challenges, researchers have proposed a novel search-based framework, 3D-MCTS, which employs a fragment-based molecular editing strategy and achieves remarkable results in generating molecules with enhanced binding affinity.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zan-Xiong Chen, Hong-Qian Liu, Zhen-Hua Wu, Jun-Lian He, Hao-Jie Zhong
Summary: This study found that the frequency of circulating ILC3s was elevated and positively correlated with levels of serum uric acid and serum creatinine in patients with HUA. Although there was no significant difference in the plasma concentration of IL-17A between patients with HUA and healthy controls, positive correlations between plasma IL-17A and the concentration of serum uric acid and frequency of circulating ILC3s were observed in the patients with HUA.
ADVANCES IN CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)