Article
Oncology
Sheron Perera, Gun Ho Jang, Yifan Wang, Deirdre Kelly, Michael Allen, Amy Zhang, Robert E. Denroche, Anna Dodd, Stephanie Ramotar, Shawn Hutchinson, Mustapha Tehfe, Ravi Ramjeesingh, James Biagi, Bernard Lam, Julie Wilson, Sandra E. Fischer, George Zogopoulos, Faiyaz Notta, Steven Gallinger, Robert C. Grant, Jennifer J. Knox, Grainne M. O'Kane
Summary: In advanced PDAC, hENT1 mRNA expression predicts ORR and OS in patients receiving GnP, while no association was observed in patients receiving mFFX.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Ying-Si Wu, Jar-Yi Ho, Cheng-Ping Yu, Chun-Jung Cho, Chia-Lun Wu, Cheng-Shuo Huang, Hong-Wei Gao, Dah-Shyong Yu
Summary: The study demonstrated that TGF-beta/Smad-induced EMT contributes to GCB resistance in bladder cancer by reducing GCB influx, and elucidated the novel mechanisms of ellagic acid-mediated inhibition of TGF-beta/Smad-induced EMT to overcome GCB resistance. The findings suggest further investigation of ellagic acid as an effective therapeutic adjuvant agent for overcoming GCB resistance in bladder cancer.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Wei Wang, Xinzhe Yu, Hengchao Li, Chuanxin Yang, Chen Jin, Xinyu Huang
Summary: This study aimed to verify the role of hENT1 as a prognostic factor in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) who underwent radical resection followed by intra-arterial infusion of gemcitabine-based regimen. The study found that high expression of hENT1 was associated with significantly improved overall survival and disease-free survival. Both univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that high hENT1 expression was related to a decreased mortality.
BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yue Xi, Ting Li, Yun Xi, Xinyi Zeng, Ying Miao, Rui Guo, Min Zhang, Biao Li
Summary: The study revealed that combined therapy of hENT1 upregulation and miR-143 inhibition of glycolysis is effective in reversing GEM resistance in TNBC.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel R. Principe, Alexandre F. Aissa, Sandeep Kumar, Thao N. D. Pham, Patrick W. Underwood, Rakesh Nair, Rong Ke, Basabi Rana, Jose G. Trevino, Hidayatullah G. Munshi, Elizaveta Benevolenskaya, Ajay Rana
Summary: There is currently no effective treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In this study, researchers identified a subset of gemcitabine-resistant tumor cells enriched for calcium/calmodulin signaling. Inhibition of calcium-dependent calmodulin activation led to the loss of drug-resistant phenotypes, and calcium chelation or depletion impaired ERK activation and restored therapeutic responses to gemcitabine. Calcium channel blockers also enhanced therapeutic responses to gemcitabine.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Masahiro Yamamoto, Tomomi Sanomachi, Shuhei Suzuki, Hiroyuki Uchida, Hajime Yonezawa, Nayuta Higa, Tomoko Takajo, Yuki Yamada, Asuka Sugai, Keita Togashi, Shizuka Seino, Masashi Okada, Yukihiko Sonoda, Hirofumi Hirano, Koji Yoshimoto, Chifumi Kitanaka
Summary: The study found that hENT1 and dCK expression levels in high-grade meningioma cells are closely related to tumor cell proliferative activity and patient survival. These results highlight the critical roles of hENT1 and dCK in the growth and gemcitabine sensitivity of meningioma cells.
Review
Cell Biology
Alica K. Beutel, Christopher J. Halbrook
Summary: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and its treatment is challenging due to a lack of durable responses to standard-of-care chemotherapies. Gemcitabine, a cornerstone in PDA treatment, faces resistance mechanisms that have not yet been overcome in patient care.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiao Fu, Xiaoxuan Zhang, Danqing Huang, Liang Mao, Yudong Qiu, Yuanjin Zhao
Summary: Inspired by the structures of octopus tentacles, researchers have developed a novel adhesive microneedle patch with gemcitabine encapsulation for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. The patch, made of gelatin methacryloyl, demonstrates good biocompatibility, flexibility, and drug loading efficiency. It can adhere to the irregular surfaces of tumors and efficiently release gemcitabine to penetrate tumor tissues, showing promising anti-tumor efficacy in vitro and in a mouse model.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chen Chen, Binfeng Wu, Mingge Wang, Jinghua Chen, Zhaohui Huang, Jin-Song Shi
Summary: Our findings suggest that GABRP may serve as a downstream target of CD44s to diminish gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer, and both CD44s and GABRP molecules have the potential to become prognostic biomarkers for PDAC patients with gemcitabine resistance.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tianli Zhang, Mengmeng Liu, Qing Liu, Gary Guishan Xiao
Summary: Wogonin can enhance the sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine chemotherapy, possibly by promoting apoptosis through inhibiting the Akt signaling pathway.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jingjing Yao, Min Huang, Qinghong Shen, Ming Ding, Shaofang Yu, Yajuan Guo, Yuefang Lin, Yaqiu Zheng, Wenbo Chen, Wenxin Yan, Zhongqiu Liu, Dawei Wang, Ming Hu, Linlin Lu
Summary: Pancreatic cancer has a low overall survival rate and is often resistant to the first-line drug, Gemcitabine. This study found that c-Myc and PD-L1 were highly expressed in pancreatic tumors and dFdC-resistant cells. Moreover, the combination of dFdC and c-Myc inhibitors enhanced drug sensitivity, while overexpression of c-Myc reduced sensitivity. Additionally, ARTS was shown to reverse dFdC resistance in vitro and suppress pancreatic cancer in vivo.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Epiphane K. Silli, Mengfei Li, Yuting Shao, Yiran Zhang, Guilin Hou, Jiaqian Du, Jingdan Liang, Ying Wang
Summary: This review discusses the applications of liposomes in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic cancer is an incurable disease with a high death rate. By using different liposomal nanostructures, the effectiveness of chemotherapy drugs can be optimized and toxicity can be reduced.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Myeong Jin Kim, Hyung Sun Kim, Hyeon Woong Kang, Da Eun Lee, Woosol Chris Hong, Ju Hyun Kim, Minsoo Kim, Jae-Ho Cheong, Hyo Jung Kim, Joon Seong Park
Summary: Pancreatic cancer patients often have poor outcomes with gemcitabine treatment due to chemoresistance. This study identified SLC38A5 as a potential therapeutic target for gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer. Inhibition of SLC38A5 decreased cell proliferation and migration, triggered ferroptosis signaling pathway, and restored gemcitabine sensitivity in animal models. These findings suggest SLC38A5 could be a novel target for overcoming gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer therapy.
Article
Oncology
Jiachun Su, Rui Li, Ziming Chen, Shaoqiu Liu, Hongzhe Zhao, Shuang Deng, Lingxing Zeng, Zilan Xu, Sihan Zhao, Yifan Zhou, Mei Li, Xiaowei He, Ji Liu, Chunling Xue, Ruihong Bai, Lisha Zhuang, Quanbo Zhou, Shaoping Zhang, Rufu Chen, Xudong Huang, Dongxi Lin, Jian Zheng, Jialiang Zhang
Summary: The study reveals the critical role of m6A modification in regulating gemcitabine sensitivity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and identifies the FZR1-GEMIN5 axis as a potential target to enhance gemcitabine response.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiaowei Wang, Hongwei Lu, Fang Luo, Dan Wang, Apeng Wang, Xuelei Wang, Wenkai Feng, Xiaobo Wang, Jiayi Su, Mingliang Liu, Guimin Xia
Summary: Four novel lipid-like GEM diesters were synthesized and encapsulated into liposomes to improve the antitumor efficacy of Gemcitabine. The liposomes loaded with dimyristoyl GEM (LipodmGEM) showed enhanced cellular uptake, improved inhibition of cell migration, and a greatly extended half-life compared to free Gemcitabine. LipodmGEM successfully enriched the drug in the tumor and exhibited excellent anticancer efficacy in vivo with negligible systemic toxicity.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2024)
Article
Pathology
Gianluca Russo, Francesco Pepe, Pasquale Pisapia, Lucia Palumbo, Mariantonia Nacchio, Elena Vigliar, Pierlorenzo Pallante, Paola Parente, Matteo Fassan, Paolo Graziano, Claudio Bellevicine, Giancarlo Troncone, Umberto Malapelle, Antonino Iaccarino
Summary: This article reviews the results of microsatellite instability (MSI) evaluation using a customized workflow and microfluidic system in a diagnostic routine practice over a period of 4 years. The results showed that the majority of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) had microsatellite stability (MSS) profile, while a minority had microsatellite high (MSI-H) profile. Similarly, in patients without colorectal cancer, both MSS and MSI-H profiles were observed.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Desislava K. K. Tsoneva, Martin N. N. Ivanov, Nikolay Vladimirov Conev, Rostislav Manev, Dragomir Svetozarov Stoyanov, Manlio Vinciguerra
Summary: Liquid biopsies have emerged as a minimally invasive method for detecting and monitoring cancer, using blood, saliva, and urine to identify cancer-related alterations in nucleosome or histone levels and modifications. Circulating histones and histone complexes have shown promise as biomarkers for cancer detection and management, originating from cell death or immune cell activation. This review provides an overview of circulating histones as a powerful liquid biopsy approach, highlighting their role in hematologic malignancies and solid cancer, as well as strategies for their detection and identification of cancer tissue-of-origin in blood plasma.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Tommaso Mazza, Thomas M. Baumann, Rebecca Boll, Alberto De Fanis, Patrik Grychtol, Markus Ilchen, Jacobo Montano, Valerija Music, Yevheniy Ovcharenko, Nils Rennhack, Daniel E. Rivas, Aljoscha Roerig, Philipp Schmidt, Sergey Usenko, Pawel Ziolkowski, Daniele La Civita, Maurizio Vannoni, Harald Sinn, Barbara Keitel, Elke Ploenjes, Ulf Fini Jastrow, Andrey Sorokin, Kai Tiedtke, Klaus Mann, Bernd Schaefer, Niels Breckwoldt, Sang-Kil Son, Michael Meyer
Summary: The Small Quantum Systems instrument at the European XFEL is designed for atomic, molecular, and cluster physics research. This instrument has undergone a commissioning phase and started user operation in 2018. The article describes the design and characterization of the beam transport system, provides details on the X-ray optical components, and reports on the performance, transmission, and focusing capabilities of the beamline. It highlights that the X-ray beam can be effectively focused, as predicted by ray-tracing simulations, and discusses the impact of non-ideal X-ray source conditions on focusing performances.
JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Alvaro Leone, Lucia Anna Muscarella, Paolo Graziano, Andrea Tornese, Lucia Rosalba Grillo, Angela Di Lorenzo, Monica Bronzini, Stefania Scarpino, Angelo Sparaneo, Giulio Rossi
Summary: Updated international guidelines recommend NGS as the preferred procedure for NSCLC patients' evaluation for predictive biomarkers, but it is not universally available. Alternative molecular techniques are rapidly evolving, each with different characteristics and performance. The Idylla GeneFusion assay, a rapid and fully automated platform, shows promise as a stand-alone test or alternative option for ultra-rapid NSCLC patient profiling.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Riccardo Proietti, Geraldo A. Maranho A. Neto, Sarka Kunzova, Oriana Lo Re, Ari Ahola-Olli, Juho Heliste, Juan Pablo Gonzalez-Rivas, Manlio Vinciguerra
Summary: This study analyzed polymorphisms in genes coding for liver enzymes involved in drug metabolism using the Kardiovize Brno 2030 Czech sample population. The study aimed to correlate real-life drug consumption with pharmacogenomic profiles and compared the data with the Finnish PGx database. The study revealed different drug metabolizing rates in the Czech population and highlighted interethnic differentiation in common pharmacogenetic variants between the Czech and Finnish populations.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Amir Ajoolabady, Domenico Pratico, Manlio Vinciguerra, Gregory Y. H. Lip, Claudio Franceschi, Jun Ren
Summary: Aging leads to cellular and molecular abnormalities that result in inflammation and associated diseases. Inflammaging, the persistent low-grade inflammation, is closely related to pathologies such as atherosclerosis and hypertension in vascular and cardiac aging. This review explores the molecular and pathological mechanisms of inflammaging in order to identify potential targets, natural therapeutic compounds, and strategies to suppress inflammaging in the heart and vasculature, as well as related diseases.
TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Giovanna Cocomazzi, Silvia De Stefani, Lino Del Pup, Simone Palini, Matteo Buccheri, Mariangela Primiterra, Natale Scianname, Raffaele Faioli, Annamaria Maglione, Giorgio Maria Baldini, Domenico Baldini, Valerio Pazienza
Summary: The vaginal microbiota is crucial for the health of the female genital tract and is associated with gynecological disorders and infertility. Lactobacilli, the dominant species in the female genital tract, prevent the growth of pathogenic microorganisms through the production of lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and bacteriocins. Imbalance and dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiota can be caused by factors such as hormonal changes, age of reproduction, sexual practices, menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and antimicrobial drug use.
Article
Microbiology
Orazio Palmieri, Stefano Castellana, Anna Latiano, Tiziana Latiano, Annamaria Gentile, Anna Panza, Marianna Nardella, Davide Ciardiello, Tiziana Pia Latiano, Giuseppe Corritore, Tommaso Mazza, Francesco Perri, Giuseppe Biscaglia
Summary: An increasing amount of evidence suggests the important role of gut microbiota in the development of colorectal cancer. This study analyzed the microbial communities in normal and neoplastic colonic mucosa using NGS and metagenomics analysis tools. The findings revealed weak differences in microbial diversity between CRC and control groups, with an increasing trend of Rikenellaceae, Pseudomonas, and Fusobacterium in CRC. Fusobacterium nucleatum was found to be significantly enriched in all tissues of subjects with synchronous colorectal neoplasia.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Carla Maria Irene Quarato, Beatrice Feragalli, Donato Lacedonia, Gaetano Rea, Giulia Scioscia, Evaristo Maiello, Concetta Di Micco, Cristina Borelli, Antonio Mirijello, Paolo Graziano, Lucia Dimitri, Rosanna Villani, Marco Sperandeo
Summary: This study aimed to examine the efficacy of pulmonary contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in differentiating between malignant and benign peripheral lung lesions. The results showed that the dynamic parameters of CEUS cannot effectively differentiate between the two types of lesions.
Article
Cell Biology
Concetta Panebianco, Federica Pisati, Annacandida Villani, Annapaola Andolfo, Marynka Ulaszewska, Edoardo Bellini, Carmelapia Ferro, Renato Lombardi, Fabrizio Orsenigo, Tiziana Pia Latiano, Beatrice Belmonte, Claudio Tripodo, Francesco Perri, Valerio Pazienza
Summary: Pancreatic cancer has a low survival rate due to late diagnosis and resistance to therapies. The authors studied the effects of a specific probiotic blend on mice with pancreatic cancer and found that it reduced chemotherapy side effects and decreased cancer-associated stromatogenesis. The results suggest that manipulating the microbiota could be a desirable strategy to improve the quality of life and increase the chance of cure for pancreatic cancer patients.
CELL DEATH DISCOVERY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Laura Manna, Eleonora Rizzi, Eleonora Bafile, Andrea Cappelleri, Massimiliano Ruscica, Chiara Macchi, Michele Podaliri Vulpiani, Romolo Salini, Emanuela Rossi, Concetta Panebianco, Francesco Perri, Valerio Pazienza, Federica Federici
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory conditions that have a significant impact on patients' quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of oral administration of Lentilactobacillus kefiri SGL 13 and Andrographis paniculata on DSS-treated mice.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tiziana De Santis, Valentina Serpieri, Tommaso Mazza, Michele Lanotte, Carlotta Criffo, Tommaso Mazza, Enza Maria Valente, Alberto Albanese
MOVEMENT DISORDERS CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Genetics & Heredity
Desislava K. Tsoneva, Manlio Vinciguerra
Editorial Material
Oncology
Paolo Graziano, Giulio Rossi
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Riccardo Turchi, Francesca Sciarretta, Veronica Ceci, Marta Tiberi, Matteo Audano, Silvia Pedretti, Concetta Panebianco, Veronica Nesci, Valerio Pazienza, Alberto Ferri, Simone Carotti, Valerio Chiurchiu, Nico Mitro, Daniele Lettieri-Barbato, Katia Aquilano
Summary: Friedreich's ataxia (FA) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by a mutation in the FXN gene, leading to deficiency of mitochondrial frataxin. This study investigated the role of visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT) in FA-related metabolic complications. The findings suggest that vWAT abnormalities contribute to metabolic issues in FA, and a butyrate-enriched diet may be a safe and promising adjunct for FA management.