期刊
NUTRIENTS
卷 7, 期 1, 页码 584-594出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nu7010584
关键词
maternal diet; nutrition; pregnancy; HIV; anthropometry; Malawi; cluster analysis
资金
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the National Institutes of Health [R03AI100694-A1]
- Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09, SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01, SIP 22-09 U48-DP001944-01]
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
- University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research [P30-AI50410]
- NIH Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program [DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 TW01039-06, R24 TW007988]
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology Training Grant [5T32AI070114]
- Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation
- United Nations Children's Fund
- World Food Program
- Malawi Ministry of Health and Population
- Johnson Johnson
- U.S. Agency for International Development
Diet is a modifiable factor that can contribute to the health of pregnant women. In a sample of 577 HIV-positive pregnant women who completed baseline interviews for the Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutrition Study in Lilongwe, Malawi, cluster analysis was used to derive dietary patterns. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify associations between the dietary patterns and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), arm muscle area (AMA), arm fat area (AFA), and hemoglobin at baseline. Three key dietary patterns were identified: animal-based, plant-based, and grain-based. Women with relatively greater wealth were more likely to consume the animal-based diet, which had the highest intake of energy, protein, and fat and was associated with higher hemoglobin levels compared to the other diets. Women with the lowest wealth were more likely to consume the grain-based diet with the lowest intake of energy, protein, fat, and iron and were more likely to have lower AFA than women on the animal-based and plant-based diets, but higher AMA compared to women on the animal-based diet. Pregnant, HIV-infected women in Malawi could benefit from nutritional support to ensure greater nutrient diversity during pregnancy, when women face increased nutrient demands to support fetal growth and development.
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