Article
Immunology
Owen Dean, Seher Anjum, Bryan Hess, Dima A. Hammoud, Deena Athas, Joseph Wheat, Peter R. Williamson
Summary: This case involves a previously healthy adult with hepatitis C presenting with neurological symptoms refractory to antifungal therapy, who showed rapid improvement after initiation of corticosteroid treatment. Elevated CSF cytokines and regional enhancement on brain MRI resolved with corticosteroid therapy, indicating an inflammatory rather than infectious etiology. This is the first documented case of Histoplasma-associated post-infectious inflammatory response syndrome (Histo-PIIRS) showing CSF cytokine reduction in response to corticosteroid therapy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Rami H. Jaber, Nathan P. Beahm
Summary: This review evaluated the clinical evidence for the use of daptomycin in acute bacterial meningitis in both pediatric and adult patients. The results suggest that daptomycin could be a safe and effective alternative for the treatment of meningitis caused by Gram-positive bacteria. However, further research is needed to establish the optimal dosing regimen, duration of therapy, and place in therapy for the management of meningitis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Marco Rinaldo Oggioni, Uwe Koedel
Summary: Researchers have found a link between impaired glymphatic system functionality and neurological sequelae caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis. This study provides an important initial step in evaluating the potential impact of glymphatic system functionality on disease severity and sequelae in meningitis.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Franziska Schneider, Andre Gessner, Nahed El-Najjar
Summary: The current antimicrobial therapy for bacterial infections of the central nervous system (CNS) in adults and pediatric patients faces challenges in achieving necessary drug levels in serum and crossing the blood-brain barrier. Factors such as the structure of the antimicrobial agent, disease severity, and inflammation play significant roles. Despite attempts to establish pharmacokinetic modeling for dosing regimens, conclusive recommendations for the best therapeutic strategies are lacking. This review focuses on the use of vancomycin and meropenem in managing CNS infections in adults and pediatric patients, aiming to summarize the current pitfalls and success of therapy, and emphasize the need for more studies to improve clinical outcomes.
Review
Pediatrics
Giovanni Autore, Luca Bernardi, Serafina Perrone, Susanna Esposito
Summary: Infections of the central nervous system in children are mainly caused by viruses and can be life-threatening. Prompt lumbar puncture and polymerase chain reaction analysis of cerebrospinal fluid are recommended for suspected cases. Treatment for viral CNS infections relies on supportive care, with empiric therapy against herpes simplex virus being started early.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Johannes Weller, Jonas Simon Enkirch, Felix Lehmann, Alexander Radbruch, Thomas Klockgether, Julian Zimmermann
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed patients with community-acquired bacterial meningitis treated at a tertiary academic center between 2009 and 2019, evaluating the impact of early intracranial hemorrhage on clinical outcomes. The presence of intracranial micro- or macrohemorrhages was found to be significantly associated with poor clinical outcomes, suggesting that early cerebral hemorrhage can serve as a potential prognostic marker for clinicians managing critically ill patients with community-acquired bacterial meningitis.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Elena Cecilia Rosca, Raluca Tudor, Amalia Cornea, Mihaela Simu
Summary: The study reviewed the evidence of CNS involvement in trichinellosis and identified specific clinical features that can predict the risk of death in patients, providing important insights for early detection and intervention.
Article
Immunology
Duc Long Phi, Xuan Duong Tran, Minh Manh To, Hai Yen Dang, Thi Dung Pham, Thi Thu Trang Vu, Trong Kiem Tran, Manh Dung Do, Thi Thuy Vu, Stephane Ranque, Laetitia Ninove, Sylvie Pillet, Philippe Colson, Bernard La Scola, Van Thuan Hoang, Philippe Gautret
Summary: From July to October 2020, there was a significant increase in the number of central nervous system infections in Thai Binh Pediatric Hospital, Viet Nam, with enteroviruses as the predominant pathogen. Older age and higher white blood cell count in the cerebrospinal fluid were significantly associated with CNS infections. Patients received empirical antimicrobial treatment, but there were no recorded deaths.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ning Ji, Fuxiao Wang, Miaomiao Wang, Wencai Zhang, Han Liu, Jiacan Su
Summary: With the increasing aging population, there is a rising prevalence of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) poses a challenge for drug delivery to the CNS due to various obstacles. Recent studies have shown that the gut microbiota (GM) plays a crucial role in CNS diseases. GM can modulate host signaling pathways and regulate distant organ functions by delivering bioactive substances through bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs). Researchers are exploring the use of BEVs as a promising platform for treating CNS diseases, considering their nanostructure, ability to penetrate the BBB, low toxicity, high biocompatibility, ease of modification, and scalability.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Francis Gerwin U. Jalipa, Marie Charmaine C. Sy, Adrian Espiritu, Roland Dominic G. Jamora
Summary: The research output on bacterial central nervous system infection in Southeast Asian countries was found to be low in quantity, with Thailand and Vietnam having the highest number of publications. Tuberculous meningitis/tuberculoma was the most common research topic. The percentage of GDP for research and development was associated with the number of research publications.
Article
Immunology
Mengyan Hu, Sanxin Liu, Danli Lu, Yi Zhong, Dafan Yu, Wei Qiu, Zhengqi Lu, Bingjun Zhang
Summary: CNS-IRIS is an inflammatory syndrome that may occur in previously immunocompromised patients during the restoration of immunity function. This case report presents the first instance of CNS-IRIS associated with bacterial meningitis, where the patient gradually recovered with corticosteroid therapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Meihua Jin, Chun Wang, Yifeng Xu, Zijing Zhang, Xueyan Wu, Runfa Ye, Qinggao Zhang, Donghe Han
Summary: This review tracks and summarizes studies from the past eight years, elucidating the pharmacological effects of Salidroside on inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and neuronal regeneration, as well as assessing its regulatory effect on various signaling pathways.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Faye Rawson, Max Foreman, Thomas Mignan, Jack Galer, Anne Fraser, Abbe Crawford
Summary: This study reported the clinical features, treatment, and outcome of 24 dogs diagnosed with bacterial meningitis and meningoencephalitis. The clinical signs varied among the dogs, and otitis media/interna was often the source of infection. Most of the dogs made a full recovery with treatment.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
M. -Y. Bao, H. -T. Xie, P. Gao, X. Mao, Z. -T. LI, W. -H. Wang, S. Sopheak, H. -W. Cheng, L. Ye, X. Zhang
Summary: This review examines the diagnostic biomarkers for post-neurosurgical bacterial meningitis (PNBM) and analyzes potential obstacles in clinical and scientific studies. The review may help to better understand the character of PNBM in both clinical diagnosis and scientific investigations.
EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Y. Kalchev, P. Argirova, I. Boev, A. Yaneva, N. Vatev, M. Stoycheva, M. Murdjeva
Summary: The levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12(p40), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α are correlated with disease severity, complications, and outcome in patients with acute bacterial meningitis. The levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are significantly higher than in serum. Elevated serum IL-8 levels may indicate increased risk of neurological complications, severe clinical course, and fatal outcome.
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Jose Alcides Almeida de Arruda, Fernanda Vieira Heimlich, Victor Zanetti Drumond, Lauren Frenzel Schuch, Manoela Domingues Martins, Lucas Guimaraes Abreu, Antonio Lucio Teixeira, Ricardo Alves Mesquita, Tarcilia Aparecida Silva
Summary: This systematic review examined the potential association between anxiety and depression and chemo/radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis. The results showed that there is a connection between anxiety and depression and the severity of oral mucositis in a significant number of participants. However, the limited number of cases and heterogeneity in the data hindered a conclusive conclusion about this association.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kelly Santana, Eduardo Franca, Joao Sato, Ana Silva, Maria Queiroz, Julia de Farias, Danniely Rodrigues, Iara Souza, Vanessa Ribeiro, Egas Caparelli-Daquer, Antonio L. Teixeira, Leigh Charvet, Abhishek Datta, Marom Bikson, Suellen Andrade
Summary: This study investigated the potential therapeutic effects of High-Definition transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (HD-tDCs) combined with a rehabilitation program for the management of PASC-related fatigue. The results showed that active HD-tDCS significantly reduced fatigue, decreased anxiety, and improved quality of life compared to sham HD-tDCS.
Article
Neurosciences
Haitham Salem, Robert Suchting, Mitzi M. Gonzales, Sudha Seshadri, Antonio L. Teixeira
Summary: This study aimed to detect conversion rates from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and determine the effect of apathy on the progression to AD in patients with MCI. The study found that 17.3% of individuals had conversion from MCI to AD over a period of 8.21 years. Patients with apathy had a higher conversion rate and shorter time-to-conversion. Age and cognitive performance were found to moderate the relationship between apathy and time-to-conversion.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Eliana C. B. Toscano, Erica L. M. Vieira, Lea T. Grinberg, Natalia P. Rocha, Joseane A. S. Brant, Regina S. Paradela, Alexandre V. Giannetti, Claudia K. Suemoto, Renata E. P. Leite, Ricardo Nitrini, Milene A. Rachid, Antonio L. Teixeira
Summary: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is associated with cognitive deficits, and this study investigates the underlying neuronal basis. The researchers found that an increase in p-tau burden is potentially involved in cognitive deficits in mesial TLE, particularly attention impairment and seizure frequency.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Izabela Guimaraes Barbosa, Flavia da Mata Chiacchio Leite, Maxime Bertoux, Henrique Cerqueira Guimaraes, Luciano Inacio Mariano, Leandro Boson Gambogi, Antonio Lucio Teixeira, Paulo Caramelli, Leonardo Cruz de Souza
Summary: This study found that bipolar disorder type 1 (BD1) and behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) have similar deficits in social cognition functions. The results of the Facial Emotion Recognition (FER) and Modified Faux-Pas (mFP) tests can be used to differentiate between the two disorders.
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Geraldine Martorella, Hongyu Miao, Duo Wang, Lindsey Park, Kenneth Mathis, JuYoung Park, Julia Sheffler, Lisa Granville, Antonio L. Teixeira, Paul E. Schulz, Hyochol Ahn
Summary: This pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on chronic pain in older adults with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). The study found that after 5 sessions of 20-minute home-based tDCS, patients in the active tDCS group experienced significant reductions in pain intensity, suggesting that tDCS is a feasible and acceptable intervention for pain in ADRD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Natalia Pessoa Rocha, Eduarda Xavier Carreira, Ana Carolina de Almeida Prado, Fabiola Tavares, Mayra Tavares, Francisco Cardoso, Antonio Jaeger, Leonardo Cruz de Souza, Antonio Lucio Teixeira
Summary: The International Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorder Society (MDS) developed diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in Parkinson disease (PD). However, the applicability of these criteria was limited for PD patients with low levels of formal education in Brazil. There is a need for revision of the guidelines to account for differences among populations, especially related to educational level.
ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gabriela Barbosa Pires Fagundes, Jenneffer Rayane Braga Tibaes, Mariele Lino Silva, Marina Marcolino Braga, Ana Leticia Malheiros Silveira, Antonio Lucio Teixeira, Adaliene Versiani Matos Ferreira
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of 8 weeks of time-restricted eating (TRE) with a caloric restriction on metabolic profile, metabolic rate, symptoms of mood and eating disorders, and weight loss in women with overweight or obesity. The results showed that subjects in the TRE group experienced more pronounced weight loss, body fat mass loss, and fat-free mass loss compared to those in the non-TRE group. However, these losses were not associated with changes in resting metabolic rate, metabolic profile, or symptoms of eating or mood disorders. In conclusion, 8 weeks of TRE does not influence behavioral parameters in individuals with overweight or obesity, but may lead to weight loss.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Parnian Shobeiri, Sanam Alilou, Mehran Jaberinezhad, Farshad Zare, Nastaran Karimi, Saba Maleki, Antonio L. Teixeira, George Perry, Nima Rezaei
Summary: This systematic review evaluated the accuracy of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in identifying Alzheimer's disease (AD) through meta-analysis. The results showed that lncRNAs had high accuracy in identifying AD and could be considered a promising diagnostic biomarker for the disease.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Lijin Jose, Lais Bhering Martins, Thiago M. Cordeiro, Keya Lee, Alexandre Paim Diaz, Hyochol Ahn, Antonio L. Teixeira
Summary: This systematic review aims to investigate the effectiveness of noninvasive neuromodulation in HD-associated motor, cognitive, and behavioral symptoms. 19 studies were identified, exploring the use of ECT, TMS, and tDCS in the treatment of HD. The results showed improvement in HD symptoms, particularly depression and psychosis after ECT protocols, although the impact on cognitive and motor symptoms is more controversial.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Karina Braga Gomes, Ramon Goncalves Pereira, Alexandre Alberto Braga, Henrique Cerqueira Guimaraes, Elisa de Paula Franca Resende, Antonio Lucio Teixeira, Maira Tonidandel Barbosa, Wagner Meira Junior, Maria das Gracas Carvalho, Paulo Caramelli
Summary: This study used machine learning algorithms to assess the ability of routine laboratory variables in predicting cognitive and functional decline in older adults. The random forest model was found to be the most accurate in predicting cognitive decline, including variables such as triglycerides, glucose, and hemoglobin. For functional decline, platelet count, hemoglobin, and cortisol were identified as important features. The findings suggest that routine laboratory variables can be used to predict cognitive and functional decline in older populations using machine learning algorithms.
Review
Rheumatology
Parnian Shobeiri, Saba Maleki, Mobina Amanollahi, Amirhossein Habibzadeh, Antonio L. Teixeira, Nima Rezaei
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the blood BDNF levels in patients with SLE. The meta-analysis of 8 studies showed no significant differences in blood BDNF concentrations between SLE patients and healthy controls. Further high-quality studies are needed to explore the potential role and relevance of BDNF in SLE.
ADVANCES IN RHEUMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vijayasree V. Giridharan, Celso S. G. Catumbela, Carlos Henrique R. Catalao, Juneyoung Lee, Bhanu P. Ganesh, Fabricia Petronilho, Felipe Dal-Pizzol, Rodrigo Morales, Tatiana Barichello
Summary: In this study, it was found that peripheral infection may be a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease pathology, and infection can accelerate cognitive decline and AD pathology. By inducing a polymicrobial infection in APP/PS1 mice through cecal ligation and puncture surgery, the study showed that sepsis led to increased Aβ deposition and activation of microglia around Aβ plaques in the brain. Furthermore, sepsis affected gut microbiome composition and structure, as well as short-chain fatty acid levels.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Natalia P. Rocha, Antonio L. Teixeira, Gabriela D. Colpo, Michelle A. Babicz, Jennifer L. Thompson, Steven Paul Woods
Summary: This study found a significant association between plasma levels of neurofilament light chain (NfL) and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs), suggesting that NfL may serve as a promising biomarker for assessing cognitive function in people living with HIV.
DEMENTIA AND GERIATRIC COGNITIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mario A. Parra, Paulina Orellana, Tomas Leon, Cabello G. Victoria, Fernando Henriquez, Rodrigo Gomez, Constanza Avalos, Andres Damian, Andrea Slachevsky, Agustin Ibanez, Henrik Zetterberg, Betty M. Tijms, Jennifer S. Yokoyama, Stefanie D. Pina-Escudero, J. Nicholas Cochran, Diana L. Matallana, Daisy Acosta, Ricardo Allegri, Bianca P. Arias-Suarez, Bernardo Barra, Maria Isabel Behrens, SoniaM. D. Brucki, Geraldo Busatto, Paulo Caramelli, Sheila Castro-Suarez, Valeria Contreras, Nilton Custodio, Sergio Dansilio, Myriam De la Cruz-Puebla, Leonardo Cruz de Souza, Monica M. Diaz, Lissette Duque, Gonzalo A. Farias, Sergio T. Ferreira, Nahuel Magrath Guimet, Ana Kmaid, David Lira, Francisco Lopera, Beatriz Mar Meza, Eliane C. Miotto, Ricardo Nitrini, Alberto Nunez, Santiago O'Neill, John Ochoa, Maritza Pintado-Caipa, Elisa de Paula Franca Resende, Shannon Risacher, Luz Angela Rojas, Valentina Sabaj, Lucas Schilling, Allis F. Sellek, Ana Sosa, Leonel T. Takada, Antonio L. Teixeira, Martha Unaucho-Pilalumbo, Claudia Duran-Aniotz
Summary: Limited knowledge on dementia biomarkers in Latin American and Caribbean countries due to lack of funding, infrastructure, and training. However, the region holds great potential to advance dementia biomarkers research and it is crucial to expand research in this field.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)