Article
Microbiology
Ryan C. Burdick, Claire Deleage, Alice Duchon, Jacob D. Estes, Wei-Shau Hu, Vinay K. Pathak
Summary: The intranuclear positions of transcriptionally active HIV-1 proviruses are dynamically distributed and do not correlate with transcriptional activity. The distance from the nuclear envelope to the integration site varies among cell types. There is a dynamic relationship between nuclear domains and integration sites.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jason Segura, Joanna Ireland, Zhongcheng J. Zou, Gwynne Roth, Julianna Buchwald, Thomas J. Shen, Elizabeth D. Fischer, Susan Moir, Tae-Wook Chun, Peter D. Sun
Summary: HIV release is dependent on caspases activation and shedding of CD62L. HIV release from viral reservoirs also requires caspase activation. Our study suggests that inhibiting caspases activation may be a potential therapeutic strategy to target viral reservoir release.
Article
Microbiology
Zhou Zhong, Jiying Ning, Emerson A. Boggs, Sooin Jang, Callen Wallace, Cheryl Telmer, Marcel P. Bruchez, Jinwoo Ahn, Alan N. Engelman, Peijun Zhang, Simon C. Watkins, Zandrea Ambrose
Summary: Our study reveals an interaction between CPSF6 and CypA that is crucial for cytoplasmic capsid trafficking and HIV-1 infection. CypA plays a role in preventing premature engagement of HIV-1 capsid with cytoplasmic CPSF6, potentially explaining variations in capsid trafficking and uncoating in different cell types. Understanding these processes can lead to the development of better drugs for preventing HIV infection and pathogenesis.
Review
Virology
Maryam Tabasi, Ivan Nombela, Julie Janssens, Adrien P. Lahousse, Frauke Christ, Zeger Debyser
Summary: Understanding the interactions between viral proteins and host proteins is crucial for studying the pathogenesis of HIV and developing antiviral therapies. The steps of HIV-1 uncoating and nuclear import remain highly debated, with controversies surrounding the viral and host factors involved in these processes. The role of transportin-SR2 as a host cell factor in active nuclear transport is comprehensively discussed in this review.
Article
Microbiology
Anabel Guedan, Callum D. Donaldson, Eve R. Caroe, Ophelie Cosnefroy, Ian A. Taylor, Kate N. Bishop
Summary: The stability of the HIV-1 core is crucial for infection, and introducing cysteine residues into CA lattice can increase stability. Hyper-stable mutants with reduced uncoating ability were found to enter the nucleus and complete reverse transcription, suggesting the importance of capsid lattice flexibility for successful integration.
Article
Virology
Anastasia Selyutina, Lacy M. Simons, Karen A. Kirby, Angel Bulnes-Ramos, Pan Hu, Stefan G. Sarafianos, Judd F. Hultquist, Felipe Diaz-Griffero
Summary: The decreased infectivity of HIV-1-N74D in CD4(+) T cells is due to a loss of Cyp A protection from TRIM5 alpha(hu) restriction activity, rather than the loss of CPSF6 binding. Structural analysis reveals that the N74D capsid protein is different from the wild-type capsid protein in its interaction with Cyp A.
Article
Immunology
Rubina Bunjun, Fidilia M. A. Omondi, Mohau S. Makatsa, Roanne Keeton, Jerome M. Wendoh, Tracey L. Mueller, Caryn S. L. Prentice, Robert J. Wilkinson, Catherine Riou, Wendy A. Burgers
Summary: Research found that in HIV-infected individuals, IL-22 responses against mycobacteria were significantly reduced, and the magnitude of the responses was inversely correlated with HIV viral load. These findings provide important insights into mycobacteria-specific Th subsets in humans and suggest a potential role for IL-22 in protection against TB during HIV infection.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yik Lim Kok, Valentina Vongrad, Sandra E. Chaudron, Mohaned Shilaih, Christine Leemann, Kathrin Neumann, Katharina Kusejko, Francesca Di Giallonardo, Herbert Kuster, Dominique L. Braun, Roger D. Kouyos, Huldrych F. Gunthard, Karin J. Metzner
Summary: Characteristics of HIV-1 integration sites are established as early as during primary infection and are found in both resting and activated CD4(+) T cells. HIV-1 integration sites preferentially occur in specific genes and highly expressed genes, regardless of the activation state of CD4(+) T cells. The preference for cancer-related genes is more prominent at later stages of HIV-1 infection.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Gabriel Duette, Bonnie Hiener, Hannah Morgan, Fernando G. Mazur, Vennila Mathivanan, Bethany A. Horsburgh, Katie Fisher, Orion Tong, Eunok Lee, Haelee Ahn, Ansari Shaik, Remi Fromentin, Rebecca Hoh, Charline Bacchus-Souffan, Najla Nasr, Anthony L. Cunningham, Peter W. Hunt, Nicolas Chomont, Stuart G. Turville, Steven G. Deeks, Anthony D. Kelleher, Timothy E. Schlub, Sarah Palmer
Summary: Through studying CD4(+) T cells of HIV-1 patients, the importance of effector memory T cells in the persistence of HIV-1 has been identified, and Nef has been suggested as a potential therapeutic target.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Virology
Marta Calado, David Pires, Carolina Conceicao, Rita Ferreira, Quirina Santos-Costa, Elsa Anes, Jose Miguel Azevedo-Pereira
Summary: Macrophages and dendritic cells are important for the spread of HIV to CD4+ T lymphocytes during acute infection and constitute a persistently infected reservoir during chronic infection. Cell-to-cell contact triggers the production of infectious viral particles, contributing to viral replication. The phenotypic characteristics of HIV isolates do not correlate with their spread or the difference between HIV-1 and HIV-2 in terms of cis- or trans-infection. Understanding the cell-to-cell spread of HIV is critical for developing new therapeutic and vaccine approaches.
Article
Virology
Sai Priya Anand, Shilei Ding, William D. Tolbert, Jeremie Prevost, Jonathan Richard, Hwi Min Gil, Gabrielle Gendron-Lepage, Wing-Fai Cheung, Haifeng Wang, Rebecca Pastora, Hirak Saxena, Warren Wakarchuk, Halima Medjahed, Bruce D. Wines, Mark Hogarth, George M. Shaw, Malcom A. Martin, Dennis R. Burton, Lars Hangartner, David T. Evans, Marzena Pazgier, Doug Cossar, Michael D. McLean, Andres Finzi
Summary: The study demonstrated the enhanced Fc-effector activities of afucosylated PGT121 monoclonal antibodies produced in plants, which could be crucial in accelerating infected cell clearance and slowing disease progression in a therapeutic context. Future research is needed to evaluate the potential of plant-produced afucosylated PGT121 in controlling HIV-1 replication in vivo.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Natalie Losada, Francesc X. Ruiz, Francesca Curreli, Kevin Gruber, Alyssa Pilch, Kalyan Das, Asim K. Debnath, Eddy Arnold
Summary: This study focuses on compounds (NBD derivatives) originally developed to bind to HIV-1 gp120, some of which inhibit RT. Crystal structures of three NBD compounds in complex with HIV-1 RT have been determined, correlating with RT enzyme inhibition and antiviral activity, to develop structure-activity relationships. Two lead compounds, NBD-14189 and NBD-14270, show potent antiviral activity and low cytotoxicity.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Catherine DeMarino, Maria Cowen, Pooja Khatkar, Bianca Cotto, Heather Branscome, Yuriy Kim, Sarah Al Sharif, Emmanuel T. Agbottah, Weidong Zhou, Cecilia T. Costiniuk, Mohammad-Ali Jenabian, Cohava Gelber, Lance A. Liotta, Dianne Langford, Fatah Kashanchi
Summary: Research shows that CBD significantly reduces the number of EVs released from infected cells, potentially mediated through decreasing viral transcription and autophagy activation. Therefore, CBD may exert a protective effect by alleviating the pathogenic effects of EVs in HIV-1 and CNS-related infections.
Article
Virology
Reou Tanabe, Yuko Morikawa
Summary: The study demonstrated that latently HIV-1-infected cells have enhanced cell adhesion and transendothelial migration abilities, suggesting their potential for efficient homing to lymph nodes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Charlotte Luchsinger, KyeongEun Lee, Gonzalo A. Mardones, Vineet N. KewalRamani, Felipe Diaz-Griffero
Summary: The early events of HIV-1 infection involve the transport of the viral core into the nucleus, triggering the formation of puncta-like structures formed by CPSF6. These structures do not require viral integration or reverse transcription and can be induced by HIV-1 viruses without a viral genome. Osmotic stress and 1,6-hexanediol can disassemble the CPSF6 condensates, while isotonic media can reassemble them in the cytoplasm. Preventing the formation of CPSF6 condensates inhibits the infection of wild type HIV-1 viruses but not those with specific capsid changes, indicating the importance of CPSF6 condensates in infection.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Silvana Opp, Thomas Fricke, Caitlin Shepard, Dmytro Kovalskyy, Akash Bhattacharya, Frank Herkules, Dmitri N. Ivanov, Baek Kim, Jose Valle-Casuso, Felipe Diaz-Griffero
CHEMICAL BIOLOGY & DRUG DESIGN
(2017)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Tommy E. White, Alberto Brandariz-Nunez, Alicia Martinez-Lopez, Caitlin Knowlton, Gina Lenzi, Baek Kim, Dmitri Ivanov, Felipe Diaz-Griffero
Article
Virology
Jose Carlos Valle-Casuso, Awatef Allouch, Annie David, Gina M. Lenzi, Lydia Studdard, Francoise Barre-Sinoussi, Michaela Mueller-Trutwin, Baek Kim, Gianfranco Pancino, Asier Saez-Cirion
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2017)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alberto Brandariz-Nunez, Fuxing Zeng, Quan Ngoc Lam, Hong Jin
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kerstin Schott, Nina V. Fuchs, Rita Derua, Bijan Mahboubi, Esther Schnellbaecher, Janna Seifried, Christiane Tondera, Heike Schmitz, Caitlin Shepard, Alberto Brandariz-Nunez, Felipe Diaz-Griffero, Andreas Reuter, Baek Kim, Veerle Janssens, Renate Koenig
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2018)
Article
Cell Biology
Jose Carlos Valle-Casuso, Mathieu Angin, Stevenn Volant, Caroline Passaes, Valerie Monceaux, Anastassia Mikhailova, Katia Bourdic, Veronique Avettand-Fenoel, Faroudy Boufassa, Marc Sitbon, Olivier Lambotte, Maria-Isabel Thoulouze, Michaela Mueller-Trutwin, Nicolas Chomont, Asier Saez-Cirion
Article
Microbiology
Alberto Brandariz-Nunez, Scott J. Robinson, Alex Evilevitch
Article
Microbiology
Raymond Rowland, Alberto Brandariz-Nunez
Summary: The study highlights the importance of N-glycosylation for proper cell surface expression of ACE2, with no effect on its carboxiprotease activity. The binding of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2 was not affected by deglycosylation. N-glycosylation was found to reduce cell-to-cell fusion mediated by SARS-CoV but not SARS-CoV-2.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ana M. M. Stoian, Raymond R. R. Rowland, Alberto Brandariz-Nunez
Summary: This study identified the critical regions within the SRCR5 domain that are responsible for PRRSV infection by introducing different mutants. The results showed that there are differences in the recognition of CD163 between PRRSV-1 and PRRSV-2, but all mutations affecting infection are localized to a similar region on the same face of SRCR5.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Ana M. M. Stoian, Raymond R. R. Rowland, Alberto Brandariz-Nunez
Summary: CD163, a receptor for PRRSV, is involved in infection through specific domains, which do not affect the binding to viral glycoproteins. This suggests that the envelope proteins of PRRSV may interact with CD163 through multiple interactions, or that receptor regions important for infection have other cellular binding partners.
Article
Biology
Alberto Brandariz-Nunez, Ting Liu, Te Du, Alex Evilevitch
Meeting Abstract
Immunology
Mariangela Cavarelli, Monica Tolazzi, Jose Carlos Valle Casuso, Katerina Tsilingiri, Bianca Fusetti, Alexandra Cribier, Monsef Benkirane, Maria Rescigno, Asier Saez-Cirion, Gabriella Scarlatti
AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
(2016)
Meeting Abstract
Virology
Thomas Fricke, Silvana Opp, Caitlin Shepard, Dmitri Ivanov, Baek Kim, Jose Valle-Casuso, Felipe Diaz-Griffero
Meeting Abstract
Virology
Jose Carlos Valle-Casuso, Awatef Allouch, Annie David, Francoise Barre-Sinoussi, Michaela Mueller-Trutwin, Monsef Benkirane, Gianfranco Pancino, Asier Saez-Cirion
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
T. Fricke, J. C. Valle-Casuso, A. Bhattacharya, T. E. White, A. Brandariz-Nu Nez, C. Buffone, S. Opp, N. Reszka, W. J. Bosche, R. Gorelick, S. L. Alam, K. Zadrozny, J. Sedzicki, A. B. Taylor, B. Demeler, O. Pornillos, B. K. Ganser-Pornillos, D. N. Ivanov, M. Yeager, F. Diaz-Griffero