Article
Critical Care Medicine
Kirstie L. Haywood, Chen Ji, Tom Quinn, Jerry P. Nolan, Charles D. Deakin, Charlotte Scomparin, Ranjit Lall, Simon Gates, John Long, Scott Regan, Rachael T. Fothergill, Helen Pocock, Nigel Rees, Lyndsey O'Shea, Gavin D. Perkins
Summary: The PARAMEDIC2 trial compared the effects of adrenaline on early outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. Adrenaline improved survival up to 12 months follow-up but did not show evidence of improving favorable neurological outcomes. At 6 months, there was a slight increase in favorable neurological outcomes and survival in the adrenaline group compared to the placebo group.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Tatsuma Fukuda, Naoko Ohashi-Fukuda, Ryota Inokuchi, Yutaka Kondo, Takayuki Taira, Ichiro Kukita
Summary: This study analyzed nationwide registry data in Japan and found that delayed epinephrine administration was associated with lower 1-month neurologically favorable survival among out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
June-sung Kim, Seung Mok Ryoo, Youn-Jung Kim, Chang Hwan Sohn, Shin Ahn, Dong Woo Seo, Seok In Hong, Sang-Min Kim, Bora Chae, Won Young Kim
Summary: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted on patients with non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) showed that the use of vasopressin did not significantly increase the likelihood of sustained return of spontaneous circulation in patients with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) <20 mm Hg during the early cardiac compression period.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Loric Stuby, Laurent Jampen, Julien Sierro, Maxime Bergeron, Erik Paus, Thierry Spichiger, Laurent Suppan, David Thurre
Summary: Early insertion of an i-gel(R) supraglottic airway device during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest simulation improves chest compression fraction and enhances ventilation parameters, but results in shallower compressions. Further resolution of this issue is required before conducting clinical trials.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anton Frueh, Andrea Bileck, Besnik Muqaku, Raphael Wurm, Benjamin Neuditschko, Henrike Arfsten, Lukas Galli, Lukas Kriechbaumer, Pia Hubner, Georg Goliasch, Gottfried Heinz, Michael Holzer, Fritz Sterz, Christopher Adlbrecht, Christopher Gerner, Klaus Distelmaier
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the predictive value of the antioxidant enzyme catalase for mortality in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors. It was found that high plasma levels of catalase were significantly associated with increased 30-day mortality, suggesting that ROS-dependent tissue damage plays a crucial role in fatal outcomes of post-cardiac syndrome patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Dae Kon Kim, Tae Han Kim, Sang Do Shin, Young Sun Ro, Kyoung Jun Song, Ki Jeong Hong, Joo Jeong
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the association between local hourly EMS demand and ambulance response in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in Seoul. The results showed that higher local ambulance demand was associated with a lower proportion of ambulances dispatched within 1 km of the patient location and delayed response to the scene.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Maria Hoybye, Nikola Stankovic, Mathias Holmberg, Helle Collatz Christensen, Asger Granfeldt, Lars W. Andersen
Summary: This study compared patient characteristics, cardiac arrest characteristics, and outcomes for IHCA and OHCA patients. Results showed that IHCA patients had better outcomes compared to OHCA patients, although these differences disappeared when comparing patients with similar cardiac arrest characteristics.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Youcef Azeli, Alfredo Bardaji, Eneko Barberia, Vanesa Lopez-Madrid, Jordi Blade-Creixenti, Laura Fernandez-Sender, Gil Bonet, Elena Rica, Susana Alvarez, Alberto Fernandez, Christer Axelsson, Maria F. Jimenez-Herrera
Summary: The trial did not demonstrate the benefits of performing PLR during OHCA in terms of improving survival to hospital discharge. Furthermore, there were no adverse effects found in the study.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Ziad Nehme, Peter Cameron, Emily Nehme, Judith Finn, Emma Bosley, Deon Brink, Stephen Ball, Tan N. Doan, Janet E. Bray
Summary: A national awareness campaign targeting heart attack symptoms was found to increase emergency medical service (EMS) use for chest pain and reduce out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) incidence, suggesting it may serve as an effective primary prevention strategy.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Charles D. Deakin, Jerry P. Nolan, Chen Ji, Rachael T. Fothergill, Tom Quinn, Andy Rosser, Ranjit Lall, Gavin D. Perkins
Summary: The study aimed to assess chest compression fraction (CCF) according to different airway strategies in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases. However, the results showed no significant difference in CCF among different airway management groups, regardless of the duration of CPR. Thus, the type of airway used did not appear to impact CCF during resuscitation attempts.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Jean Baptiste Lascarrou, Cyrielle Ermel, Alain Cariou, Timo Laitio, Hans Kirkegaard, Eldar Soreide, Anders M. Grejs, Matti Reinikainen, Gwenhael Colin, Fabio Silvio Taccone, Amelie Le Gouge, Markus B. Skrifvars
Summary: The study evaluated the potential association between early dysnatremia and 6-month functional outcome after cardiac arrest. The results showed that early hyponatremia was common in patients with cardiac arrest and was associated with poorer functional outcome at 6 months.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tiffany Patterson, Gavin Perkins, Alexander Perkins, Tim Clayton, Richard Evans, Matthew Dodd, Steven Robertson, Karen Wilson, Adam Mellett-Smith, Rachael Fothergill, Paul Mccrone, Miles Dalby, Philip Maccarthy, Sam Firoozi, Iqbal Malik, Roby Rakhit, Ajay Jain, Jerry P. Nolan, ARREST Trial Collaborators
Summary: This study assessed whether expedited delivery to a cardiac arrest center compared with current standard of care reduces deaths in patients with resuscitated cardiac arrest. The results showed that expedited delivery to a cardiac arrest center did not reduce mortality in adult patients without ST elevation.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Mahshid Abir, Sydney Fouche, Jessica Lehrich, Jason Goldstick, Neil Kamdar, Michael O'Leary, Christopher Nelson, Peter Mendel, Wilson Nham, Claude Setodji, Robert Domeier, Anthony Hsu, Theresa Shields, Rama Salhi, Robert W. Neumar, Brahmajee K. Nallamothu
Summary: The study found substantial differences in sustained ROSC rates upon ED arrival across EMS agencies in Michigan, with an average adjusted rate of 23.8% but notable variation between agencies. The top five agencies had higher rates of sustained ROSC, while the bottom five had lower rates. These differences suggest opportunities for identifying and improving best practices in EMS agencies to enhance OHCA care.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jonathan Tjerkaski, Thomas Hermansson, Emelie Dillenbeck, Fabio Silvio Taccone, Anatolij Truhlar, Sune Forsberg, Jacob Hollenberg, Mattias Ringh, Martin Jonsson, Leif Svensson, Per Nordberg
Summary: Among OHCA patients treated with trans-nasal evaporative intra-arrest cooling, the use of SGA was associated with a shorter time to airway management and similar outcomes compared to ETI.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Carlo Alberto Barcella, Daniel Molager Christensen, Lars Idorn, Nishan Mudalige, Morten Malmborg, Frederik Folke, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Gunnar Gislason, Mohamad El-Chouli
Summary: This epidemiological study based on a registry found that patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) have a higher risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) compared to the general population. However, the 30-day survival rate for OHCA patients with CHD is similar to that of OHCA patients without CHD, and this survival relies on pre-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillation.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Ellen Ceklic, Hideo Tohira, Stephen Ball, Elizabeth Brown, Deon Brink, Paul Bailey, Austin Whiteside, Judith Finn
Summary: The study found that few MVC patients were deemed to be high acuity, and several crash scene characteristics were strong predictors of high acuity patients.
PREHOSPITAL EMERGENCY CARE
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Nicole Mckenzie, Judith Finn, Geoffrey Dobb, Paul Bailey, Glenn Arendts, Antonio Celenza, Daniel Fatovich, Ian Jenkins, Stephen Ball, Janet Bray, Kwok M. Ho
Summary: This study found a non-linear relationship between mean PaO2 within 24 hours of admission for OHCA and survival to hospital discharge, with the highest survival rate observed between 100 and 180 mmHg. This suggests that optimal oxygenation targets for mechanically ventilated OHCA patients need further validation through randomized controlled trials.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Marine Riou, Stephen Ball, Alani Morgan, Sheryl Gallant, Nirukshi Perera, Austin Whiteside, Janet Bray, Paul Bailey, Judith Finn
Summary: Caller perception of patient viability impacts dispatcher's initial recognition of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and bystander CPR provision. Dispatchers should pay attention to caller statements about patient viability to improve bystander CPR rates and patient outcomes.
Review
Critical Care Medicine
A. Kuzovlev, K. G. Monsieurs, E. Gilfoyle, J. Finn, R. Greif
Summary: This systematic review examined the impact of team and leadership training on healthcare providers during ALS courses, with results showing improvement in patient survival rates but with low certainty evidence. The study supports including team and leadership training in ALS courses for healthcare providers.
Article
Emergency Medicine
Judith C. Finn, Deon Brink, Nicole Mckenzie, Antony Garcia, Hideo Tohira, Gavin D. Perkins, Glenn Arendts, Daniel M. Fatovich, Delia Hendrie, Brendan McQuillan, Quentin Summers, Antonio Celenza, Ashes Mukherjee, Ben Smedley, Gavin Pereira, Stephen Ball, Teresa Williams, Paul Bailey
Summary: The study demonstrates that prehospital CPAP by EMS paramedics can effectively reduce dyspnoea and tachypnoea in patients with severe respiratory distress, but does not impact hospital length of stay.
EMERGENCY MEDICINE JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Gavin D. Perkins, Chen Ji, Felix Achana, John J. M. Black, Karl Charlton, James Crawford, Adam de Paeztron, Charles Deakin, Mark Docherty, Judith Finn, Rachael T. Fothergill, Simon Gates, Imogen Gunson, Kyee Han, Susie Hennings, Jessica Horton, Kamran Khan, Sarah Lamb, John Long, Joshua Miller, Fionna Moore, Jerry Nolan, Lyndsey O'Shea, Stavros Petrou, Helen Pocock, Tom Quinn, Nigel Rees, Scott Regan, Andy Rosser, Charlotte Scomparin, Anne Slowther, Ranjit Lall
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of adrenaline on survival and neurological outcomes in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, finding that adrenaline improved long-term survival but did not significantly improve neurological outcomes. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio per quality-adjusted life-year exceeded the threshold usually supported by the NHS.
HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
David Majewski, Stephen Ball, Paul Bailey, Janet Bray, Judith Finn
Summary: The study found that patients with non-shockable initial arrest rhythms had higher mortality in the first four years following their OHCA compared to those with shockable rhythms; however, after four years, the initial arrest rhythm ceased to be associated with survival.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
David Majewski, Stephen Ball, Paul Bailey, Nicole Mckenzie, Janet Bray, Alani Morgan, Judith Finn
Summary: The study found that survival to hospital discharge (STHD) and 30-day survival were equivalent survival metrics in the OHCA Registry, with both having a survival rate of 13.78%. The overall concordance between the two survival rates was 99.6%, with only 0.4% cases being discordant.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Kalin Kempster, Stuart Howell, Stephen Bernard, Karen Smith, Peter Cameron, Judith Finn, Dion Stub, Peter Morley, Janet Bray
Summary: The study found wide variation in survival between different EDs, which was associated with hospital characteristics. It suggests the need for a detailed review of ED deaths, particularly in non-cardiac arrest centres, and potentially the need for monitoring ED survival as a measure of quality.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Hideo Tohira, Judith Finn, Stephen Ball, Deon Brink, Peter Buzzacott
Summary: Machine learning models utilizing features generated by natural language processing improved the performance of classifying fall cases, with the best model achieving a recall of 0.84, precision of 0.86, and F-measure of 0.85. There is still room for further improvement in this area.
INFORMATICS FOR HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE
(2022)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Hideo Tohira, Stacey Masters, Hanh Ngo, Paul Bailey, Stephen Ball, Judith Finn, Glenn Arendts
Summary: This study investigated ambulance attendances for older adults with and without dementia and compared them based on type of residence. The study found that older adults with dementia had a higher average number of attendances per person, were frailer, required longer at-scene intervals, and had lower 30-day survival. As the number of people with dementia increases, there are implications for workforce training and service planning, as well as opportunities for developing alternative emergency department transportation for some dementia patients.
PREHOSPITAL EMERGENCY CARE
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Hideo Tohira, Deon Brink, Lauren Davids, Rudolph Brits, Stephen Ball, Stephan Schug, Paul Bailey, Judith Finn
Summary: This retrospective cohort study describes the use of sublingual ketamine wafers by volunteer emergency medical technicians (EMTs) for pain management in rural Western Australia. The study findings suggest that the administration of ketamine wafers by volunteer EMTs was a useful additional pain management option without any evidence of major adverse events, especially when long transport to hospital was required.
EMERGENCY MEDICINE AUSTRALASIA
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Janet Bray, Stuart Howell, Ziad Nehme, Amanda Buttery, Dion Stub, Susie Cartledge, Judith Finn
Summary: The study examines the decline in Australian adults' awareness of heart attack symptoms during and after the National Heart Foundation of Australia's Warning Signs campaign. The findings suggest the need for new approaches to promote and sustain knowledge of heart attack symptoms and ensure appropriate and prompt action when symptoms occur.
HEART LUNG AND CIRCULATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nirukshi Perera, Tanya Birnie, Austin Whiteside, Stephen Ball, Judith Finn
Summary: When a person experiences an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), calling an ambulance is crucial, and the actions and decisions made by ambulance call-takers are integral to saving the patient's life. A study conducted in 2021 interviewed 10 ambulance call-takers to understand their experiences in managing these calls and their views on using standardized protocols for OHCA calls. The study found that call-takers reflected deeply on their roles and expressed confidence in using structured call-taking processes, while also highlighting the importance of skills and traits in addition to standardized systems.
Review
Nursing
Caroline Homer, Kim Neylon, Kate Kennedy, Kathleen Baird, Andrea Gilkison, Samantha Keogh, Sandy Middleton, Richard Gray, Lisa Whitehead, Judith Finn, Claire Rickard, Greg Sharplin, Stephen Neville, Marion Eckert
Summary: This study investigated midwife-led clinical trials conducted in Australia and New Zealand from 2000 to 2021. The results showed that out of 26,467 registered randomized controlled trials in the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, only 50 were led by midwives, with 35 related peer-reviewed publications identified. These findings will serve as important reference for the Australasian Nursing and Midwifery Clinical Trials Network.
