Article
Oncology
Zheng Su, Xuebing Li, Heng Wu, Zhaowei Meng, Yang Li, Hongli Pan, Hao Liang, Ying Wang, Fang-Hui Zhao, Youlin Qiao, Qinghua Zhou, Ya-Guang Fan
Summary: Lung cancer screening provides an opportunity for smoking cessation and relapse prevention. This study found that non-smokers with negative screening results were more likely to start smoking, while current smokers who attended multiple screenings had a significantly reduced chance of quitting smoking. Factors such as age, gender, occupational exposure, income, and smoking pack years were also associated with smoking behavior changes.
Article
Oncology
Jingmin Yuan, Yan Sun, Ke Wang, Zhiyi Wang, Duo Li, Meng Fan, Xiang Bu, Mingwei Chen, Hui Ren
Summary: This study provides the optimal lung cancer screening strategy in China based on cost-effectiveness analysis. The results suggest that starting screening at 50 years old can achieve the maximum net health benefits for heavy smokers.
CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Gerald Gheysens, Walter De Wever, Lesley Cockmartin, Hilde Bosmans, Walter Coudyzer, Sofie De Vuysere, Mathieu Lefere
Summary: The study demonstrates that scoutless ultra-low-dose CT is reliable for detecting solid lung nodules, particularly those with larger volumes. However, detection rates decrease significantly for nodules with smaller volumes when compared to standard-dose CT. Patient body mass index and chest circumference do not influence nodule detectability.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Eui Jin Hwang, Jin Mo Goo, Hyae Young Kim, Jaeyoun Yi, Yeol Kim
Summary: Elevating the diameter threshold for solid nodules from 6 to 9 mm may lead to a substantial reduction in unnecessary follow-up LDCTs with a small proportion of diagnostic delay of lung cancers.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yeqing Zhu, Rowena Yip, Nan You, Qiang Cai, Claudia Henschke, David F. Yankelevitz
Summary: This study identified that newly identified solid costal pleura-attached noncalcified nodules (CP-NCNs) with specific shapes and smooth margins measuring 30.0 mm or less are likely to be benign, allowing for follow-up in annual screenings without immediate further work-up.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yufan Gao, Minghui Hua, Jun Lv, Yanhe Ma, Yanzhen Liu, Min Ren, Yaohua Tian, Ximing Li, Hong Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the reproducibility of radiomic features of pulmonary nodules between low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) and conventional-dose computed tomography (CDCT). The majority of radiomic feature classes of solid pulmonary nodules showed high reproducibility across LDCT and CDCT, while LDCT should not be used as an alternative to CDCT in the radiomic study of ground-glass nodules.
QUANTITATIVE IMAGING IN MEDICINE AND SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
P. Bradley, B. M. Bola, H. Balata, A. Sharman, R. Bootan, P. A. J. Crosbie
Summary: This study reports the prevalence of incidental findings in a lung cancer screening program. It found a significant number of extra-pulmonary malignancies, leading to further clinical management and interventions.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lisa Jungblut, Harry Etienne, Caroline Zellweger, Alessandra Matter, Miriam Patella, Thomas Frauenfelder, Isabelle Opitz
Summary: This pilot study in Switzerland assesses the implementation and performance of low-dose CT lung cancer screening and explores its potential impact on reducing mortality rates. The study enrolls participants meeting specific criteria and uses LDCT scans for assessment. Preliminary results suggest the feasibility of LDCT lung cancer screening in Switzerland.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hui-Mei Zhang, Xiao-Bing Huo, Hua-Long Wang, Xiao Zhang, Yu-Fei Fu
Summary: This study compared the diagnostic accuracy, safety, and radiation exposure between low-dose and standard-dose CT-guided CNB for lung nodules. The results showed no significant difference in diagnostic accuracy between the two groups, with the low-dose group significantly reducing radiation exposure.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Qiang Cai, Natthaya Triphuridet, Yeqing Zhu, Nan You, Rowena Yip, David F. Yankelevitz, Claudia Henschke
Summary: Bronchiectasis is prevalent in smokers undergoing low-dose CT screening, and the occurrence of respiratory symptoms and acute events increases with the severity of the Early Lung and Cardiac Action Program Bronchiectasis score.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Leonardo Rundo, Roberta Eufrasia Ledda, Christian di Noia, Evis Sala, Giancarlo Mauri, Gianluca Milanese, Nicola Sverzellati, Giovanni Apolone, Maria Carla Gilardi, Maria Cristina Messa, Isabella Castiglioni, Ugo Pastorino
Summary: The research demonstrates the significant potential of LDCT-based radiomics in evaluating the characteristics of PN and optimizing screening recall intervals, including automatic classification of PN types and predicting malignant probabilities. The classifier's performance on the blinded test dataset has verified significant progress in improving early detection rates of lung cancer.
Article
Oncology
Yansong Zheng, Jing Dong, Xue Yang, Ping Shuai, Yongli Li, Hailin Li, Shengyong Dong, Yan Gong, Miao Liu, Qiang Zeng
Summary: Using data mining technology, it is possible to accurately identify benign and malignant pulmonary nodules. A model established from the first low-dose spiral CT examination can be used to distinguish between benign and malignant nodules and assist doctors in issuing more accurate reports.
Article
Oncology
R. Edward Hendrick, Robert A. Smith
Summary: Based on the data from three lung cancer screening trials, the benefit-to-radiation-risk ratios are favorable. Modern CT technologies, low diagnostic follow-up rates, and minimizing radiation doses are crucial for successful lung cancer screening practices.
Article
Oncology
Yuki Tomonaga, Koen de Nijs, Heiner C. Bucher, Harry de Koning, Kevin ten Haaf
Summary: This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening strategies in Switzerland and finds that risk-based screening is more cost-effective than pack-year-based screening. The most efficient strategy is biennial screening for ever-smokers aged 55 to 80 with a 1.6% risk. This strategy can significantly reduce lung cancer mortality and has a lower cost per QALY gained compared to pack-year-based screening.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Er-Liang Li, Ai-Li Ma, Tao Wang, Yu-Fei Fu, Han-Yang Liu, Guang-Chao Li
Summary: This study compared the relative safety and diagnostic performance of low-dose and standard-dose computed tomography (CT)-guided biopsy for pulmonary nodules (PNs) through a single-center prospective randomized controlled trial. The results showed that low-dose CT significantly reduced radiation dose, while maintaining comparable diagnostic accuracy and safety.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOTHORACIC SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Sanjay Popat, Neal Navani, Keith M. Kerr, Egbert F. Smit, Timothy J. P. Batchelor, Paul Van Schil, Suresh Senan, Fiona McDonald
Summary: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents a significant portion of cancer-related deaths and requires complex decision making and multidisciplinary teamwork for optimal patient care. National guidelines have been introduced to standardize patient pathways and ensure timely diagnosis and treatment, leading to improved adherence to treatment guidelines and extended patient survival. Collaborative decision making among diverse experts in NSCLC multidisciplinary teams can ensure optimal treatment outcomes in the era of specialized therapeutic strategies.
Review
Oncology
Thomas Round, Veline L'Esperance, Joanne Bayly, Kate Brain, Lorraine Dallas, John G. Edwards, Thomas Haswell, Crispin Hiley, Natasha Lovell, Julia McAdam, Grace McCutchan, Arjun Nair, Thomas Newsom-Davis, Elizabeth K. Sage, Neal Navani
Summary: Delivering lung cancer care during the COVID-19 pandemic is challenging due to the lack of evidence-based reviews on COVID-19 and lung cancer. A review of 15 published papers identified cross-cutting themes and challenges, highlighting the need for continued studies to guide evidence-based decision-making.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Robert Bentham, Kevin Litchfield, Thomas B. K. Watkins, Emilia L. Lim, Rachel Rosenthal, Carlos Martinez-Ruiz, Crispin T. Hiley, Maise Al Bakir, Roberto Salgado, David A. Moore, Mariam Jamal-Hanjani, Charles Swanton, Nicholas McGranahan
Summary: The immune microenvironment plays a crucial role in tumor evolution. The T cell exome TREC tool accurately estimates T cell fraction and shows prognostic value in lung adenocarcinoma. Additionally, tumor TCRA T cell fraction is predictive of response to immunotherapy.
Review
Respiratory System
Helen Hall, Adam Tocock, Sarah Burdett, David Fisher, William M. Ricketts, John Robson, Thomas Round, Sarita Gorolay, Emma MacArthur, Donna Chung, Sam M. Janes, Michael D. Peake, Neal Navani
Summary: Timely care is generally beneficial for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients, but may lead to worse outcomes for those with advanced disease. Surgical candidates are particularly important in terms of timeliness.
Article
Respiratory System
Sally Taylor, Janelle Yorke, Selina Tsim, Neal Navani, David Baldwin, Ian Woolhouse, John Edwards, Seamus Grundy, Jonathan Robson, Sarah Rhodes, Fabio Gomes, Fiona Blackhall, Corinne Faivre-Finn, Matthew Evison
Summary: This study aims to design a randomized trial of surgery vs. non-surgery as part of multimodality treatment for stage III-N2 NSCLC, with QOL as a primary outcome. The study will recruit 66 patients and their carers, administer QOL questionnaires, and conduct semi-structured interviews to optimize recruitment and research.
BMJ OPEN RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2021)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Neal Navani, David R. Baldwin, John G. Edwards, Matthew Evison, Fiona McDonald, Andrew G. Nicholson, Jackie Fenemore, Elizabeth K. Sage, Sanjay Popat
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Respiratory System
Fraser Brims, Tracy Leong, Emily Stone, Susan Harden, Henry Marshall, Neal Navani, Rob Stirling
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Klara Komici, Leonardo Bencivenga, Neal Navani, Vito D'Agnano, Germano Guerra, Andrea Bianco, Giuseppe Rengo, Fabio Perrotta
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence and impact of frailty in patients with lung cancer. The results showed that the prevalence of frailty in lung cancer patients is 45%, and frailty is associated with an increased risk of mortality.
Editorial Material
Respiratory System
Helen Morgan, David Baldwin, Richard Hubbard, Neal Navani, Doug West, Emma Louise O'Dowd
Summary: Accurately explaining perioperative mortality and risk is crucial in shared decision making. However, the existing multivariable mortality prediction tools for lung cancer surgery perform poorly and may misguide patients. Therefore, we have developed updated early mortality tables based on recent clinical outcomes data to provide more accurate information.
Article
Respiratory System
Matthew Evison, Ross Maconachie, Toby Mercer, Caitlin H. Daly, Nicky J. Welton, Shahzeena Aslam, Doug West, Neal Navani
Summary: Chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery (CRS) provides an extended disease-free survival and improved cost-effectiveness compared to chemotherapy plus surgery (CS) and chemotherapy plus radiotherapy (CR) in potentially resectable stage III-N2 NSCLC patients.
Editorial Material
Respiratory System
Helen Morgan, Savannah Gysling, Neal Navani, David Baldwin, Richard Hubbard, Emma O'Dowd
Summary: Early changes in lung cancer care have significant impact on survival, with decreased diagnosis during lockdown leading to lower survival rates. Decreased survival was observed from the first national lockdown onwards and within 90 days of diagnosis. People diagnosed at the end of 2020 had the highest hazard ratios for death within 90 days and between 91 and 270 days.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Thomas Callender, Fergus Imrie, Bogdan Cebere, Nora Pashayan, Neal Navani, Mihaela Van der Schaar, Sam M. Janes
Summary: Risk-based screening for lung cancer is being considered in several countries, and ensemble machine learning models have been developed and validated to determine eligibility for this screening program. These models simplify the prediction of lung cancer risk using only three predictors, showing performance comparable to existing models but with fewer variables. External validation demonstrated the potential for simplified risk assessment in lung cancer screening, which could improve the uptake and effectiveness of national screening programs and contribute to reducing lung cancer deaths. Future research should focus on applying this approach to other conditions and evaluating it in different countries and regions.
Article
Oncology
Yin Wu, Dhruva Biswas, Ieva Usaite, Mihaela Angelova, Stefan Boeing, Takahiro Karasaki, Selvaraju Veeriah, Justyna Czyzewska-Khan, Cienne Morton, Magdalene Joseph, Sonya Hessey, James Reading, Andrew Georgiou, Maise Al-Bakir, Nicolai J. Birkbak, Nicholas McGranahan, Mariam Jamal-Hanjani, Allan Hackshaw, Sergio A. Quezada, Adrian C. Hayday, Charles Swanton
Summary: This study demonstrates the presence of resident V delta 1 gamma delta T cells in human lung tissues, particularly enriched in lung tumors with memory and effector phenotypes. The intratumoral V delta 1 T cells exhibit stem-like features and immune functions beneficial to the patient post-surgery. Integrating V delta 1 T cell biology into immunotherapeutic strategies for nonsmall cell lung cancer is of great importance.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Helen Hall, Mamta Ruparel, Samantha L. Quaife, Jennifer L. Dickson, Carolyn Horst, Sophie Tisi, James Batty, Nicholas Woznitza, Asia Ahmed, Stephen Burke, Penny Shaw, May Jan Soo, Magali Taylor, Neal Navani, Angshu Bhowmik, David R. Baldwin, Stephen W. Duffy, Anand Devaraj, Arjun Nair, Sam M. Janes
Summary: This report examines the accuracy of trained reporting radiographers using CADe support to report LDCT scans. The findings show that the sensitivity of the reporting radiographers was 68-73.7% with a specificity of 92.1-92.7%. We cannot recommend CADe-supported radiographers as the sole reader of LDCT scans, but propose potential avenues for further research.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
J. R. Weir-McCall, S. Harris, K. A. Miles, N. R. Qureshi, R. C. Rintoul, S. Dizdarevic, L. Pike, Heok K. Cheow, Fiona J. Gilbert
Summary: In this multicentre trial, SUVmax was the most accurate technique for the diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules. Diagnostic thresholds should be altered according to nodule size.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2021)