Review
Neurosciences
Tingyan Wu, Weili Cai, Xi Chen
Summary: Neurotransmission signaling is a conserved system with important regulatory events. The role of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter systems in brain function is well established. Recent research has shown that epigenetic regulation plays a crucial role in controlling the expression of neurotransmitter-related genes and its dysregulation is associated with neurological disorders. This article explores the epigenetic regulation of dopamine, GABA, glutamate, and serotonin genes, and discusses how targeting these mechanisms can lead to improved treatments for neurological disorders.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
C. R. Sobrinho, B. M. Milla, J. Soto-Perez, T. S. Moreira, D. K. Mulkey
Summary: Histamine can modulate breathing at the level of ventral parafacial region (pF) by activating retrotrapezoid (RTN) neurons, which have a limited capacity to respond to multiple Gq-coupled receptors.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jacqueline Alves Leite, Elisa Pocas, Gisele Silva Maia, Leandro Barbosa, Luis Eduardo M. Quintas, Elisa Mitiko Kawamoto, Maria Luiza Correia da Silva, Cristoforo Scavone, Luciana E. Drumond de Carvalho
Summary: This article systematically reviews the in vitro effects of cardiotonic steroids on Ca2+ in the brain of rats and mice. The studies demonstrate that ouabain can increase cholinergic, noradrenergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission, significantly increase intracellular signaling molecules such as InsPs, IP3 and cAMP, and stimulate myelin basic protein synthesis. The ouabain-induced intracellular Ca2+ increase may play a crucial role in cellular homeostasis and function.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sushma Maratha, Vijay Sharma, Vaibhav Walia
Summary: The present study investigated the antidepressant-like effect of amantadine in mice using the tail suspension test (TST) and forced swim test (FST). The study also examined the impact of amantadine treatment on brain nitrite, glutamate, and serotonin levels. The results showed that amantadine significantly reduced immobility time in both TST and FST, and affected the levels of nitrite, glutamate, and serotonin in the brain. Furthermore, the study revealed that the NO-cGMP signaling pathway played a role in the antidepressant-like effect of amantadine.
METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Binqi Hu, Cody A. Boyle, Saobo Lei
Summary: Oxytocin serves as a neuromodulator in the brain and plays a crucial role in cognitive processes involving spatial, contextual, and emotional information. Activation of TRPV1 channels and inhibition of K+ channels contribute to the excitation of subicular neurons through the selective OXT receptor agonist. The cellular and molecular mechanism of OXT in the brain involves the functions of phospholipase C beta, protein kinase C, and degradation of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2).
Review
Neurosciences
Anusha Govindula, Niraja Ranadive, Madhavan Nampoothiri, C. Mallikarjuna Rao, Devinder Arora, Jayesh Mudgal
Summary: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic incapacitating condition characterized by trauma-related memories, negative mood, altered cognition, and hypervigilance. Recent evidence suggests that neural network alterations, including disruption of the hypothalamus-pituitary-axis (HPA) axis and increased immune status with elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, contribute to the neurobehavioral facet of PTSD. This review aims to link DSM-V symptomology to major neural mechanisms underlying the transition from acute stress reactions to the development of PTSD, and discuss potential early intervention strategies.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNE PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rawan M. Bin-Khattaf, Mona A. Alonazi, Abeer M. Al-Dbass, Ahmad T. Almnaizel, Hisham S. Aloudah, Dina A. Soliman, Afaf K. El-Ansary
Summary: Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a heterogeneous group of pathological conditions characterized by stereotyped behavior, communication impairment, social skills deficits, and cognitive impairments. E/I imbalances and reduced GABA signaling have been identified as etiological mechanisms of ASD. In this study, Bifidobacterium and lactobacilli were shown to effectively ameliorate glutamate excitotoxicity and oxidative stress in a PPA-induced rodent model of ASD.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicholas C. Vierra, Luisa Ribeiro-Silva, Michael Kirmiz, Deborah van der List, Pradeep Bhandari, Olivia A. Mack, James Carroll, Elodie Le Monnier, Sue A. Aicher, Ryuichi Shigemoto, James S. Trimmer
Summary: Neuronal ER-PM junctions support a receptor-independent form of PKA signaling, driven by membrane depolarization and intracellular Ca2+, allowing conversion of information encoded in electrical signals into biochemical changes recognized throughout the cell.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Anna Boccaccio, Anna Menini, Simone Pifferi
Summary: Odor perception starts from the detection of odorant molecules by the main olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity. The molecules then activate a large family of G-protein-coupled odorant receptors and trigger a cAMP-mediated transduction cascade, converting the chemical stimulus into an electrical signal sent to the brain. Moreover, odorant receptors and cAMP signaling are key players in the development of olfactory sensory neurons and their axonal targeting to the olfactory bulb.
CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiangyang Li, Linru Chen, Xiaoyue Zeng, Kaixin Wu, Jiayu Huang, Mengmeng Liao, Yue Xi, Guohui Zhu, Xiuying Zeng, Xuewen Hou, Zhisheng Zhang, Xinxiang Peng
Summary: When a single plant tissue detects environmental challenges, systemic signaling is activated to adjust the plant's physiology and morphology for better survival and reproduction. This study reveals that local wounding induces changes in H2O2 levels and NADPH oxidase-derived apoplastic H2O2 release, both of which rely on Ca2+ signaling through glutamate-receptor-like Ca2+ channels. Furthermore, peroxisomal Ca2+ regulates H2O2 levels by modulating the GC switch states, providing insights into the functions of plant systemic acclimation and optimized H2O2 signaling through interplay between the GC switch and NADPH oxidases.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Earnest L. Taylor, Samantha R. Weaver, Ian M. Lorang, Katherine M. Arnold, Elizabeth W. Bradley, Ezequiel Marron Fernandez de Velasco, Kevin Wickman, Jennifer J. Westendorf
Summary: Long bones are formed and repaired through the process of endochondral ossification. In this study, the role of GIRK channels in non-excitable cells involved in endochondral bone formation was investigated. The results showed that Girk3 controls several processes involved in bone lengthening, including collagen and VEGF receptor-related gene expression, micromass production, and response to kappa opioid receptor ligand. This suggests that GIRK3 plays a crucial role in skeletal development and long bone growth.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Janos Gyori, Andrea B. Kohn, Daria Y. Romanova, Leonid L. Moroz
Summary: ATP and its ionotropic P2X receptors are components of the most ancient signaling system, with little known about their distribution and function in invertebrates. This study focuses on the cloning, expression, and pharmacological characterization of P2X receptors in the sea slug Aplysia californica, revealing unique expression patterns and functions, especially in development and homeostasis. The findings provide novel insights into the evolution of neurotransmitters.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Alanah Varricchio, Sidra Khan, Zoe K. Price, Rohan A. Davis, Sunita A. Ramesh, Andrea J. Yool
Summary: Glioblastoma is a highly lethal brain tumor with invasive spreading capabilities. This study found that blocking glutamate receptors and aquaporin-1 channels can limit the motility of tumor cells without causing harm to normal brain cells. Using combination therapy can focus the effects on cancer cells while minimizing off-target effects.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Neelam Gul Qazi, Arif-ullah Khan, Sumra Wajid Abbasi, Imran Malik, Komal Naeem
Summary: This study demonstrates that extracts of Rumex dentatus and its components have various effects such as anti-diarrheal, anti-secretory, and anti-inflammatory, making them potential drug candidates.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Feng-Liu Wang, Ya-Lan Tan, Lukas Wallrad, Xin-Qiao Du, Anna Eickelkamp, Zhi-Fang Wang, Ge-Feng He, Felix Rehms, Zhen Li, Jian-Pu Han, Ina Schmitz-Thom, Wei-Hua Wu, Joerg Kudla, Yi Wang
Summary: The mechanisms underlying plant K+ sensing and downstream responses have been revealed in this study, showing a defined K+ sensing niche and a low-K+ signaling axis that trigger ROS signals and related pathways. These mechanisms coordinate plant growth and development while regulating nutrient uptake by roots.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Luis Gustavo A. Patrone, Aretuza C. Capalbo, Danuzia A. Marques, Kenia C. Bicego, Luciane H. Gargaglioni
Article
Neurosciences
Mariane C. Vicente, Chuma M. Humphrey, Luciane H. Gargaglioni, Tim D. Ostrowski
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2020)
Article
Physiology
Aline C. G. Rocha, Livia P. Espinha, Kassia M. Santos, Ayla R. Almeida, Marcos Macari, Kenia C. Bicego, Luciane H. Gargaglioni, Glauber S. F. da Silva
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Danuzia A. Marques, Luis Gustavo A. Patrone, Carolina S. Scarpellini, Kenia C. Bicego, Raphael E. Szawka, Luciane H. Gargaglioni
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Gabriel C. Ripamonte, Mariana Bernardes-Ribeiro, Luis Gustavo A. Patrone, Mariane C. Vicente, Kenia C. Bicego, Luciane H. Gargaglioni
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2020)
Article
Biology
Elisa M. Fonseca, Tara A. Janes, Stephanie Fournier, Luciane H. Gargaglioni, Richard Kinkead
Summary: The study found that in pre-metamorphic bullfrog tadpoles, OX(1)Rs facilitate the expression of the motor command associated with air breathing, and different respiratory stimuli can have varying effects on respiratory motor output.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Lara do Amaral-Silva, Luciane H. Gargaglioni, Alexandre A. Steiner, Marcos T. Oliveira, Kenia Cardoso Bicego
Summary: The study demonstrates that regulated hypothermia may be a phenomenon spread among vertebrates facing severe immune challenges, not restricted to mammals but extending to birds. It is a beneficial strategy that conserves energy for vital functions by regulating metabolic rate rather than mitochondrial respiration or oxygen delivery failure. The controlled nature of hypothermia is supported by evidence of reduced metabolic rate without impaired mitochondrial function during an immune challenge.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Camila L. Taxini, Danuzia A. Marques, Kenia C. Bicego, Luciane H. Gargaglioni
Summary: The pontine A5 noradrenergic group is involved in the maturation of the respiratory system in rats before birth. These neurons contribute to the neural network responsible for respiratory rhythmogenesis. In neonatal rats, A5 noradrenergic neurons do not participate in the control of ventilation under baseline and hypercapnic conditions, but exert an inhibitory modulation on breathing variability under hypoxic challenge in early life (P7-8).
PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Lara do Amaral-Silva, Welex Candido da Silva, Luciane Helena Gargaglioni, Kenia Cardoso Bicego
Summary: Birds facing immune challenges prefer regulated hypothermia over fever to conserve energy. Regardless of metabolic trade-offs, birds exhibit a temporary hypothermic response, with different physiological responses depending on the environmental conditions.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Elisa M. Fonseca, Carolina R. Noronha-de-Souza, Kenia C. Bicego, Luiz G. S. Branco, Luciane H. Gargaglioni
Summary: The study investigated the role of serotoninergic neurons in the medullary raphe of toads in respiratory control during hypercarbia and hypoxia, finding that these neurons play a role in chemoreflex responses to these conditions but not during rest. This evidence in anurans, along with data from mammals, provides insights into the evolution of brain sites involved in the ventilatory chemoreflex in vertebrates.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Laisa T. C. Rodrigues, Luis Gustavo A. Patrone, Luciane H. Gargaglioni, Mirela B. Dias
Summary: This study found that melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) attenuates the hypercapnic ventilatory response in rats during the light period by acting in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA). These findings provide new insight into the role of MCH in modulating the hypercapnic chemoreflex.
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Vivian Biancardi, Luis Gustavo A. Patrone, Mariane C. Vicente, Danuzia A. Marques, Kenia C. Bicego, Gregory D. Funk, Luciane H. Gargaglioni
Summary: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as fluoxetine (FLX), are commonly used antidepressant drugs during pregnancy. This study investigated the effects of prenatal FLX exposure on breathing and brainstem monoaminergic groups in rats. The results showed that prenatal FLX exposure led to long-lasting, sex-specific changes in baseline breathing pattern and ventilatory responses to respiratory challenges. These changes were associated with alterations in the number of 5-HT and TH neurons in specific brain regions.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Aline C. G. Rocha, Luis Gustavo A. Patrone, Caroline Cristina-Silva, Kaoma Stephani da Costa Silva, Kenia C. Bicego, Raphael E. Szawka, Luciane H. Gargaglioni
Summary: In this study, we evaluated the response of 14-day-old chicks to cold stress under different thermal conditions during embryogenesis. The results indicate that LT females and HT males are more sensitive to cold stress.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Carlos Aparecido da Silva Junior, Danuzia A. Marques, Luis Gustavo A. Patrone, Vivian Biancardi, Kenia C. Bicego, Luciane H. Gargaglioni
Summary: Benzodiazepines, like diazepam, used for anxiety disorders and in pregnant women, have been found to have negative effects on the postnatal development and brainstem neurons in rats. Intrauterine exposure to diazepam resulted in a reduction in the number of catecholaminergic and serotonergic neurons in male rats on postnatal day 12-13, with special attention to the A6 region involved in CO2 ventilatory responses. Only male rats showed a reduction in serotonergic neurons, raising concerns about the use of anxiolytic treatments during gestation.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Vivian Biancardi, Luis Gustavo A. Patrone, Mariane C. Vicente, Danuzia A. Marques, Kenia C. Bicego, Gregory D. Funk, Luciane H. Gargaglioni
Summary: The study shows that prenatal exposure to FLX has long-lasting and sex-specific effects on baseline breathing and brainstem monoaminergic groups in rats.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Alyssa R. Mickle, Jesus D. Penaloza-Aponte, Richard Coffey, Natale A. Hall, David Baekey, Erica A. Dale
Summary: Closed-loop epidural stimulation (CL-ES) can improve respiratory deficits caused by cervical spinal cord injury, restoring diaphragm activity and enhancing contralateral activity. This treatment has the potential to lead to lasting recovery and device independence.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Shawn Miller Jr, Edgar Juarez Lopez, Jessica M. L. Grittner, Brendan J. Dougherty
Summary: This study tested the impact of CO2 supplementation at different concentrations on ventilatory long-term facilitation (vLTF) in rats and found that 2% CO2 supplementation during and after acute, intermittent hypoxia (AIH) was sufficient to maintain isocapnia and induce significant vLTF.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Behnam Vafadari, Yoshitaka Oku, Charlotte Tacke, Ali Harb, Swen Huelsmann
Summary: The preBo·tzinger Complex (preBo·tC) in the brainstem plays a critical role in generating respiratory rhythm. This study aimed to investigate the activity of inhibitory glycinergic neurons in the preBo·tC of anesthetized mice. Using juxtacellular recordings and optogenetic activation, the researchers were able to identify and characterize the activity pattern of these inhibitory neurons in relation to the breathing rhythm.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Stephen M. Johnson, Maia G. Gumnit, Sarah M. Johnson, Tracy L. Baker, Jyoti J. Watters
Summary: Low-level activation of mu-opioid receptors can increase the amplitude of inspiratory bursts in neonatal rat brainstem-spinal cord preparations. Endomorphin-2, an endogenous ligand for these receptors, was found to have similar effects. Disinhibition of inhibitory synaptic transmission may not be involved in the changes induced by endomorphin-2, and different mechanisms may underlie the increase in burst amplitude and decrease in burst frequency.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Raphael Martins de Abreu, Beatrice Cairo, Patricia Rehder-Santos, Claudio Donisete da Silva, Etore De Favari Signini, Juliana Cristina Milan-Mattos, Camila Akemi Sakaguchi, Aparecida Maria Catai, Alberto Porta
Summary: The purpose of this study was to determine the association between exercise capacity based on peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and resting cardiorespiratory coupling (CRC) levels. The results showed that resting CRC values were associated with exercise capacity in athletes but not in non-athletes.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Sarah M. Russel, Raluca E. Gosman, Katherine Gonzalez, Joshua Wright, Dennis O. Frank-Ito
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the response of different nasal morphologies to airflow-related variables during rapid/deep inspiration. The results showed that notched nasal vestibules had higher resistance values and airflow velocities, while standard nasal vestibules had higher mucosal heat flux. Different nasal phenotypes may predispose individuals to exercise-induced rhinitis.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Ivan Poliacek, Lukas Martvon, Michal Simera, Marcel Veternik, Jakub Misek, Lucia Cibulkova, Kimberly E. Iceman, Donald C. Bolser, Teresa Pitts
Summary: An animal model study evaluated the effects of an abdominal incision on cough and swallow, revealing that abdominal wall manipulations can increase pharyngeal muscle activity during swallow without affecting the cough reflex. Swallowing tended to occur more during the inspiratory phase. The results highlight the important role of abdominal wall sensory feedback in regulating swallow motor patterns.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Rui Yu, Tatsuma Okazaki, Yuzhuo Ren, Junko Okuyama, Satoru Ebihara, Shin-Ichi Izumi
Summary: Body postures significantly influence respiratory muscle force, cough pressure, subjective ease of coughing, and pulmonary function. The 60-degree semi-recumbent posture and sitting posture show better results compared to the supine posture.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Suzuna Sato, Koji Ishida, Noriko I. Tanaka, Keisho Katayama
Summary: Respiratory muscle endurance training has beneficial effects on whole-body endurance performance. A novel high-intensity interval (HII) protocol is found to enhance the efficacy of respiratory muscle training programs.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Letter
Physiology
R. Arieli
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Correction
Physiology
Ivan Poliacek, Michal Simera, Marcel Veternik, Zuzana Kotmanova, Teresa Pitts, Jan Hanacek, Jana Plevkova, Peter Machac, Nadezda Visnovcova, Jakub Misek, Jan Jakus
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Dimitrios I. Bourdas, Nickos D. Geladas
Summary: This study examined the effects of breath-hold training on the performance of novice and elite breath-hold divers. The results showed that breath-hold training significantly improved red blood cell concentration, hemoglobin oxygen saturation steady state duration, and breath-hold time in novice divers. Elite divers had better breath-hold performance and higher peak mean arterial pressure compared to novices. The study suggests that breath-hold training can enhance the performance of divers.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
