Review
Food Science & Technology
Carolla El Chamieh, Sophie Liabeuf, Ziad Massy
Summary: Patients with chronic kidney disease have a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease due to various CKD-related risk factors, including uremic toxins. Understanding the role of the most toxic compounds and their mechanisms in cardiovascular disease can aid in the development of targeted treatments.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kuo-Chin Hung, Wei-Cheng Yao, Yi-Lien Liu, Hung-Jen Yang, Min-Tser Liao, Keong Chong, Ching-Hsiu Peng, Kuo-Cheng Lu
Summary: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often have a high accumulation of protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs), such as indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (pCS). The buildup of PBUTs inhibits bone and muscle function, worsens muscle wasting, and contributes to low bone turnover disorders. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of bone and muscle loss in CKD can aid in developing new therapies for musculoskeletal diseases.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuji Oe, Nobuyuki Takahashi
Summary: Coagulation abnormalities are common in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Tissue factor plays a key role in promoting coagulation and inflammation, exacerbating renal injury.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chih-Chin Kao, Pei-Chen Wu, Ming-Tsang Chuang, Shu-Ching Yeh, Yen-Chung Lin, Hsi-Hsien Chen, Te-Chao Fang, Wei-Chiao Chang, Mai-Szu Wu, Tzu-Hao Chang
Summary: Osteoporosis medications do not reduce the risk of bone fractures or mortality, but they improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease.
POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Nivedita Kamath, Arpana Iyengar, Hamsa Reddy, Jyoti Sharma, Jyoti Singhal, Sudha Ekambaram, Susan Uthup, Sumithra Selvam, Mandy Wan, Anja Rahn, Dagmar Christiane-Fischer, Rukshana Shroff
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of different dosing regimens of cholecalciferol supplementation on bone biomarkers. The results showed that cholecalciferol supplementation significantly increased bone formation, and the three dosing regimens had similar effects on bone biomarkers.
PEDIATRIC NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Griet Glorieux, Sanjay K. Nigam, Raymond Vanholder, Francis Verbeke
Summary: Homeostasis is crucial for maintaining health, especially in the context of the gut microbiota. The communication and exchange of metabolites, signaling molecules, and toxins between different organs and organisms play a critical role in maintaining homeostasis. Disruptions in the gut microbiota can lead to the accumulation of toxic metabolites, impacting the cardiovascular system and contributing to kidney dysfunction. Preserving gut homeostasis and barrier functions can potentially improve patient outcomes and quality of life in diseases such as cardiovascular and kidney disease.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sevigean Ali, Mihaela Botnarciuc, Lavinia Carmen Daba, Sorina Ispas, Alina Mihaela Stanigut, Camelia Pana, Marian-Catalin Burcila, Liliana-Ana Tuta
Summary: There is limited research on decreased platelet count in chronic kidney disease (CKD), but platelet functions are altered in the uremic environment, leading to an increased risk of bleeding. This study monitored 104 CKD patients with thrombocytopenia who received platelet transfusion and evaluated their prognosis. The results showed that in patients with multiple comorbidities, 4.83% still experienced severe uncontrolled hemorrhages.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexandru Cosmin Pantazi, Mustafa Ali Kassim Kassim, Wassan Nori, Liliana Ana Tuta, Cristina Maria Mihai, Tatiana Chisnoiu, Adriana Luminita Balasa, Larisia Mihai, Ancuta Lupu, Corina Elena Frecus, Vasile Valeriu Lupu, Sergiu Ioachim Chirila, Anca Gabriela Badescu, Laurentiu-Tony Hangan, Simona Claudia Cambrea
Summary: The gut microbiota plays a vital role in kidney disease, and interventions targeting the gut microbiota show promising results. Challenges remain in terms of patient variability and safety concerns. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms and validate personalized interventions through clinical trials.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Prabhatchandra Dube, Vaishnavi Aradhyula, Apurva Lad, Fatimah K. Khalaf, Joshua D. Breidenbach, Eshita Kashaboina, Snigdha Gorthi, Shangari Varatharajan, Travis W. Stevens, Jacob A. Connolly, Sophia M. Soehnlen, Ambika Sood, Amulya Marellapudi, Meghana Ranabothu, Andrew L. Kleinhenz, Oliver Domenig, Lance D. Dworkin, Deepak Malhotra, Steven T. Haller, David J. Kennedy
Summary: This study demonstrates that a low-salt, oxalate-rich diet induces renal injury, dysfunction, hypertension, and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in SS rats. This novel diet-induced model provides a clinically relevant and reproducible approach to study hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michele Basilicata, Massimo Pieri, Giulia Marrone, Eleonora Nicolai, Manuela Di Lauro, Vincenza Paolino, Flaminia Tomassetti, Ilaria Vivarini, Patrizio Bollero, Sergio Bernardini, Annalisa Noce
Summary: Saliva is a complex fluid that plays a crucial role in various physiological processes and functions, including oral health, taste, digestion, and immunological defenses. The composition of saliva and the oral microbiome can be influenced by factors such as diet and smoking habits, and changes in these factors can lead to the development of systemic illnesses. This review explores the potential of saliva as a new tool for early detection of conditions such as oral diseases and chronic non-communicable diseases, including chronic kidney disease. The correlation between oral and systemic diseases as well as oral and gut microbiota dysbiosis is also examined. Salivary parameters could serve as a new device for detecting oral and systemic pathologies, and modulating oral and gut microbiota through prebiotics, postbiotics, or symbiotics may offer a new approach for managing oral diseases and chronic kidney disease.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Jiun-Ruey Hu, Leslie Myint, Andrew S. Levey, Josef Coresh, Lesley A. Inker, Morgan E. Grams, Eliseo Guallar, Kasper D. Hansen, Eugene P. Rhee, Tariq Shafi
Summary: Uremic symptoms are common in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease, and this study aimed to explore the toxins that cause these symptoms through metabolomics analysis. The results showed associations between certain metabolites and gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms in uremic patients. This proof-of-principle study demonstrates the potential of metabolomics in understanding the metabolic pathways associated with uremic symptoms.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Mara Lauriola, Ricard Farre, Pieter Evenepoel, Saskia Adriana Overbeek, Bjorn Meijers
Summary: Patients with CKD have a higher cardiovascular risk than the general population due to the accumulation of uremic toxins. Protein-bound uremic toxins originate from various sources and are difficult to remove with conventional therapies. Diet plays an important role in uremic toxicity, with most toxins derived from the gut. This review summarizes the sources of uremic toxins in foods and discusses their metabolism and potential dietary strategies for reducing their plasma levels.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Mateo Ondrussek-Sekac, Diana Navas-Carrillo, Esteban Orenes-Pinero
Summary: In chronic kidney disease, dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota can lead to uremic toxicity, inflammation and disease progression. Modulating gut microbiota through dietary changes and using probiotics, prebiotics, and low protein diets can offer therapeutic interventions to improve this imbalance and manage chronic kidney disease effectively.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jordi Bover, Elisabet Masso, Laia Gifre, Carlo Alfieri, Jordi Soler-Majoral, Maria Fusaro, Jordi Calabia, Rosely Rodriguez-Pena, Nestor Rodriguez-Chitiva, Victor Lopez-Baez, Maya Sanchez-Baya, Iara da Silva, Armando Aguilar, Misael C. Bustos, Natacha Rodrigues, Jonathan S. Chavez-Iniguez, Gregorio Romero-Gonzalez, Jose Manuel Valdivielso, Pablo Molina, Jose L. Gorriz
Summary: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common condition that impairs kidney function and can lead to vitamin D (VD) deficiency. While studies have shown a link between low VD levels and negative outcomes, recent research has lowered expectations for the benefits of VD supplementation. However, guidelines still recommend VD supplementation for CKD patients. It is important to carefully balance the adverse effects of VD derivatives with the prevention of severe secondary hyperparathyroidism.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Claudia Sanhueza, Jeyson Hermosilla, Catherine Klein, Alejandra Chaparro, Ivan Valdivia-Gandur, Victor Beltran, Francisca Acevedo
Summary: Peri-implantitis is a serious condition that can lead to dental implant failure. This study aimed to develop an electrospun scaffold loaded with cholecalciferol to treat peri-implantitis. The scaffold exhibited good mechanical properties and supported cell attachment and proliferation. The cholecalciferol-loaded scaffold promoted bone tissue regeneration. Further studies are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of the scaffold.
