Review
Oncology
Jianhui Yang, Omar Aljitawi, Peter Van Veldhuizen
Summary: This review summarizes the recent research progress on the role of CD133 in prostate cancer stem cells (PCSC), including its selective expression in undifferentiated cells, its correlation to treatment resistance, its gene regulation and functional analysis, and its targeted therapy in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical trials.
Article
Oncology
Jiuping Gao, Ting Yang, Xu Wang, Yi Zhang, Jing Wang, Beilei Zhang, Dihong Tang, Yanqiong Liu, Ting Gao, Qiuhui Lin, Jun Tang, Jingting Cai
Summary: The study found that CD133 may be a significant marker for cancer stem-like cells in ULMS and could be a potential therapeutic target.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Rakshita Grover, Sahil Drall, Neelam Poonia, Gaurav Kumar Jain, Geeta Aggarwal, Viney Lather, Prashant Kesharwani, Deepti Pandita, Ramesh K. Goyal
Summary: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) contribute to tumor onset, progression, chemotherapy resistance, and relapse. CD44 and CD133 are commonly expressed markers used to identify aggressive CSCs. Targeting these markers with aptamers conjugated nanocarriers can overcome the limitations of antibodies and has proven to be beneficial in targeting CSCs. This article reviews the recent advancements in aptamers and their conjugation with nanocarriers for specific targeting of CSCs and improved cancer therapy efficacy.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shambhavi Pandey, Myungchul Lee, Jaewoon Lim, Sangbae Park, Yun-Hoon Choung, Jae Eun Kim, Pankaj Garg, Jong Hoon Chung
Summary: In this study, a therapy targeting cancer stem cells and non-stem cells in glioblastoma was developed by using CRISPR/Cas9 and siRNA to suppress key signaling pathways. The combined treatment effectively inhibited tumor growth and metastasis.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Xiaoying Ma, Jingyun Chen, Jiajun Liu, Baixue Xu, Xinyu Liang, Xiaotong Yang, Yun Feng, Xin Liang, Jianwen Liu
Summary: In cancer treatment, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit tropism towards colon cancer stem cells (CCSCs), particularly CD133(+)/CD44(+) cells. When recruited by CCSCs, BMSCs transform into cancer-associated fibroblasts and secrete more IL-8, resulting in increased stemness of CCSCs. Targeting the IL-8/CXCR2 pathway in BMSCs could potentially improve therapy targeting CCSCs.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Massimo Moro, Orazio Fortunato, Giulia Bertolini, Mavis Mensah, Cristina Borzi, Giovanni Centonze, Francesca Andriani, Daniela Di Paolo, Patrizia Perri, Mirco Ponzoni, Ugo Pastorino, Gabriella Sozzi, Mattia Boeri
Summary: Despite improvements in therapies and screening strategies, lung cancer prognosis remains poor, especially for patients with metastatic tumors. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a major cause of the low survival rate, and microRNA miR-486-5p has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kuan Hu, Xiaohui Ma, Lin Xie, Yiding Zhang, Masayuki Hanyu, Honoka Obata, Lulu Zhang, Kotaro Nagatsu, Hisashi Suzuki, Rui Shi, Weizhi Wang, Ming-Rong Zhang
Summary: The development of a novel PET tracer [Cu-64]CM-2 for mapping CD133 protein in various cancers demonstrates specific binding to CD133-positive CSCs in preclinical tumor models, making it a state-of-the-art tool for tracking CD133 dynamics and CSCs in refractory cancers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Huafu Li, Chunming Wang, Linxiang Lan, Leping Yan, Wuguo Li, Ian Evans, E. Josue Ruiz, Qiao Su, Guangying Zhao, Wenhui Wu, Haiyong Zhang, Zhijun Zhou, Zhenran Hu, Wei Chen, Joaquim M. Oliveira, Axel Behrens, Rui L. Reis, Changhua Zhang
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the mechanism of oxaliplatin resistance in gastric cancer using in vitro human gastric cancer organoids and oxaliplatin-resistant cell lines, as well as in vivo tumorigenicity experiments. They found that CD133+ stem cell-like cells are the main subpopulation associated with resistance, and that the gene PARP1 plays a central role in mediating this resistance. The researchers discovered that PARP1 can effectively repair DNA damage caused by oxaliplatin by activating the base excision repair pathway, leading to the development of drug resistance. They also found that CD133+ cells exhibit increased expression of the mRNA modification N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and its writer METTL3, which enhances the stability of PARP1 and contributes to its DNA damage repair ability. Overall, this study demonstrates that m6A methyltransferase METTL3 promotes oxaliplatin resistance in CD133+ gastric cancer stem cells by increasing PARP1 mRNA stability and base excision repair activity.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Hamed Rezayatmand, Mahboobeh Razmkhah, Iman Razeghian-Jahromi
Summary: Drug resistance caused by cancer stem cells (CSCs) is the main reason for the failure and relapse of cancer therapy. CSCs possess the ability to self-renew and differentiate into heterogeneous cancer cells, and play a significant role in metastatic dissemination. Although chemotherapy can destroy most tumor cells, CSCs are left mostly intact, leading to resistance to treatment. It is crucial to understand the key features of drug resistance caused by CSCs in order to develop effective treatment strategies, but there are challenges in differentiating CSCs from normal cells.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia Pospieszna, Hanna Dams-Kozlowska, Wachirawit Udomsak, Marek Murias, Malgorzata Kucinska
Summary: Cancer, a leading cause of death globally, poses a significant challenge to effective treatment due to its complexity. Cancer stem cells and their markers, such as CD133, play a crucial role in tumor growth and progression. This article explores the potential of CD133 as a therapeutic target in cancer treatment, including its structure, functions, occurrence in different cancer types, and approaches to affect CD133 expression. Nanoparticles, such as gold nanoparticles and nanoliposomes, are also discussed in the context of CD133-targeted therapy. Overall, CD133 shows promise as a therapeutic target, offering new treatment options for cancer patients in the future.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Monica Marzagalli, Fabrizio Fontana, Michela Raimondi, Patrizia Limonta
Summary: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subset of cancer cells with tumor-initiating and self-renewal capacity, as well as high adaptive abilities, contributing to treatment failure and tumor progression/relapse. Understanding the molecular mechanisms associated with stemness-driven resistance is crucial for developing more effective drugs and durable responses. Explored mechanisms by CSCs to overcome different therapeutic strategies highlight their plasticity as an insidious trait responsible for their adaptation/escape, with novel CSC-specific approaches showing promising preclinical and clinical applications.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naike Casagrande, Cinzia Borghese, Francesco Agostini, Cristina Durante, Mario Mazzucato, Alfonso Colombatti, Donatella Aldinucci
Summary: It has been found that substances released by activated platelets may protect tumor cells from chemotherapy by promoting the expansion of ovarian cancer stem cells, thus reducing the effectiveness of chemotherapy drugs and increasing the risk of tumor relapse.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wang Yin, Cuong Pham, Tao Wang, Hadi Al Shamaileh, Rocky Chowdhury, Shweta Patel, Yong Li, Lingxue Kong, Yingchu Hou, Yimin Zhu, Sunrui Chen, Huo Xu, Lee Jia, Wei Duan, Dongxi Xiang
Summary: This study aimed to overcome drug resistance in liver cancer caused by cancer stem cells by using a CD133 aptamer for targeted delivery of Doxorubicin and enhancing the treatment efficacy through autophagy inhibition. The results showed that CD133 aptamer-guided delivery of Doxorubicin resulted in a higher concentration of Doxorubicin in liver cancer stem cells. The combinatorial treatment strategy of CD133 aptamer-Doxorubicin conjugates and an autophagy inhibitor showed a significantly higher elimination of liver cancer stem cells in vitro.
Article
Oncology
Gang Zhou, Sarah Da Won Bae, Romario Nguyen, Xiaoqi Huo, Shuanglin Han, Zhiqiang Zhang, Lionel Hebbard, Wei Duan, Mohammed Eslam, Christopher Liddle, Lawrence Yuen, Vincent Lam, Liang Qiao, Jacob George
Summary: Targeting liver cancer stem-like cells using a specific aptamer against CD133 loaded with an anticancer drug showed significant therapeutic potential in treating liver cancer, demonstrating effective suppression of tumor growth in both in vitro and in vivo studies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cynthia M. Simbulan-Rosenthal, Yogameenakshi Haribabu, Sahar Vakili, Li-Wei Kuo, Havens Clark, Ryan Dougherty, Ryyan Alobaidi, Bonnie Carney, Peter Sykora, Dean S. Rosenthal
Summary: This study investigates the underlying mechanisms of CD133's anti-apoptotic activity in malignant melanoma, revealing that CD133 activates a survival pathway and contributes to drug resistance. Targeting the CD133, AKT, or BCL-2 survival pathways shows potential for more effective treatments for high-risk melanoma patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Derek A. Mumaw, Allison J. Hazy, Aleksander Vayntraub, Thomas J. Quinn, Kamran Salari, John H. Chang, Noah Kalman, Sanford Katz, James Urbanic, Robert H. Press, Arpi Thukral, Henry Tsai, George E. Laramore, Jason Molitoris, Carlos Vargas, Samir H. Patel, Craig Stevens, Rohan L. Deraniyagala
Summary: This study evaluated contralateral recurrences in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma who received unilateral proton beam therapy. The results showed a favorable contralateral neck failure rate that was comparable to photon irradiation.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Kangpyo Kim, Dongryul Oh, Jae Myoung Noh, Yang Won Min, Hong Kwan Kim, Yong Chan Ahn
Summary: This study suggests that hypofractionated radiation therapy alone is a feasible option for early stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. Particularly, in patients with tumor length < 3 cm, this treatment scheme shows favorable local control rates with low incidence of esophageal toxicities.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Lin Chen, Jing Li, Kunpeng Li, Jiang Hu, Qingjie Li, Chenglong Huang, Gaoyuan Wang, Na Liu, Linglong Tang
Summary: This study analyzed the probability of hearing impairment after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma and developed a predictive model, providing dose limitation suggestions to improve patients' quality of life.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Yiwei Yang, Jianxin Wang, Feng Gao, Zhen Liu, Tangzhi Dai, Haowen Zhang, Hongyu Zhu, Tingting Wang, Dexin Xiao, Kui Zhou, Zheng Zhou, Dai Wu, Xiaobo Du, Sen Bai
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive description of the current status of PARTER, which is the first experimental FLASH platform utilizing megavoltage X-rays. It showcases the reliable performance and stability of the dosimeters and monitors used in PARTER, as well as the satisfactory dose distribution and characteristics of the FLASH X-rays. The platform effectively meets the requirements of preclinical research on megavoltage X-ray FLASH and undergoes continuous upgrades.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Maria Thor, Kelly Fitzgerald, Aditya Apte, Jung Hun Oh, Aditi Iyer, Otasowie Odiase, Saad Nadeem, Ellen D. Yorke, Jamie Chaft, Abraham J. Wu, Michael Offin, Charles B. Simone Ii, Isabel Preeshagul, Daphna Y. Gelblum, Daniel Gomez, Joseph O. Deasy, Andreas Rimner
Summary: The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of disease progression in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients after receiving definitive stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). The results showed that tumor diameter and SUVmax were the most frequently reported features associated with progression/survival, and a re-fitted model including these two features had the best performance.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Yong-Qiao He, Tong-Min Wang, Da-Wei Yang, Wen-Qiong Xue, Chang-Mi Deng, Dan-Hua Li, Wen-Li Zhang, Ying Liao, Ruo-Wen Xiao, Lu-Ting Luo, Hua Diao, Xia-Ting Tong, Yan-Xia Wu, Xue-Yin Chen, Jiang-Bo Zhang, Ting Zhou, Xi-Zhao Li, Pei-Fen Zhang, Xiao-Hui Zheng, Shao-Dan Zhang, Ye-Zhu Hu, Guan-Qun Zhou, Jun Ma, Ying Sun, Wei-Hua Jia
Summary: In this study, researchers aimed to establish a predictive model for radiation-induced brain injury (RBI) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients by incorporating clinical factors and newly developed genetic variants. They conducted a large-scale retrospective study and a genome-wide association study to develop a polygenic risk score (PRS) for RBI risk prediction. The results showed that the PRS, combined with clinical factors, improved the accuracy of RBI risk stratification and suggested personalized radiotherapy.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Oncology
Xiaoyong Xiang, Zhe Ji, Jing Jin
Summary: A review of studies suggests that brachytherapy as a salvage therapy for recurrent glioblastoma shows acceptable safety and good post-treatment clinical efficacy for selected patients.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
M. Berbee, C. T. Muijs, F. E. M. Voncken, L. Wee, M. Sosef, B. van Etten, J. W. van Sandick, F. A. R. M. Warmerdam, J. J. de Haan, E. Oldehinkel, J. M. van Dieren, L. Boersma, J. A. Langendijk, A. van der Schaaf, J. B. Reitsma, E. Schuit
Summary: This study externally validated a model for predicting 2-year total mortality in lung cancer patients in esophageal cancer patients. The intercept and/or slope of the original model needed adjustment to achieve good performance in esophageal cancer patients.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Dominique Reijtenbagh, Jeremy Godart, Joan Penninkhof, Sandra Quint, Andras Zolnay, Jan-Willem Mens, Mischa Hoogeman
Summary: This study compared the performance of the current PotD strategy with non-adaptive and fully online-adaptive techniques in the treatment of cervical cancer patients. The findings show that the PotD protocol is effective in improving normal tissue sparing compared to no adaptation, while fully online-adaptive approaches can further reduce target volume but come with a more complex workflow.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Albrecht Weiss, Steffen Loeck, Ting Xu, Zhongxing Liao, Aswin L. Hoffmann, Esther G. C. Troost
Summary: Traditional models for predicting radiation pneumonitis may not be applicable to non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with passively-scattered proton therapy. The use of effective alpha/beta parameter can predict the occurrence of radiation pneumonitis in these patients.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Z. A. R. Gouw, J. Jeong, A. Rimner, N. Y. Lee, A. Jackson, A. Fu, J-j. Sonke, J. O. Deasy
Summary: This study investigates the effectiveness of non-uniform fractionation schedules in radiotherapy for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Through modeling, optimized schedules are proposed to minimize local failures and toxicity risk. The results suggest that non-standard primer shot fractionation can reduce hypoxia-induced radioresistance and improve treatment outcomes.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Sara Ronchi, Alessandro Cicchetti, Maria Bonora, Rossana Ingargiola, Anna Maria Camarda, Stefania Russo, Sara Imparato, Paolo Castelnuovo, Ernesto Pasquini, Piero Nicolai, Mohssen Ansarin, Michele Del Vecchio, Marco Benazzo, Ester Orlandi, Barbara Vischioni
Summary: This study evaluates the efficacy and toxicity of carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) in locally advanced head and neck mucosal melanoma patients. The results show that CIRT is safe and effective in treating the local region, and immunotherapy after relapse can improve overall survival. However, further prospective trials are needed to assess the role of targeted/immune- systemic therapy in this disease.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Dominik Wawrzuta, Justyna Klejdysz, Marzanna Chojnacka
Summary: This study analyzed articles about radiation oncology published in The New York Times since its inception in 1851, and identified changes in media sentiment and prevalent themes related to radiotherapy. The findings suggest an increasing negative sentiment in media coverage towards radiotherapy, with a shift towards reporting treatment errors, toxicity, and ineffectiveness.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Elaine Limkin, Pierre Blanchard, Benjamin Lacas, Jean Bourhis, Mahesh Parmar, Lisa Licitra, Quynh-Thu Le, Sue S. Yom, Catherine Fortpied, Johannes Langendijk, Jan B. Vermorken, Jacques Bernier, Jens Overgaard, Jonathan Harris, Jean-Pierre Pignon, Anne Auperin
Summary: This study investigated the impact of season of radiotherapy on the outcomes of head and neck squamous cell cancer patients. The results showed that the season of radiotherapy did not have any significant effect on patient outcomes.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Fabio L. Cury, Gustavo A. Viani, Andre G. Gouveia, Camila V. S. Freire, Gabriel de A. Grisi, Fabio Y. Moraes
Summary: In limb-sparing treatment of soft tissue sarcoma patients, a 5-day course of preoperative radiotherapy results in high local control and favorable R0 margins, with acceptable complication rates, particularly for patients receiving higher biological equivalent doses.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2024)