Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Xuelian Zhang, Shihua Qiu, Lianzhen Cai, Hong Xu, Haitao Zhao, Guoliang Chen
Summary: This article outlines the research progress on radiocarbon dating of the Erlitou site and discusses the significance of dating in resolving historical controversies.
Article
Anthropology
Shyama Vermeersch, Simone Riehl, Britt M. Starkovich, Katharina Streit, Felix Hoeflmayer
Summary: This research presents the faunal results of the Austrian-Israeli Expedition to Tel Lachish, focusing on comparing results between different areas of the site and with previous analyses. Differences in subsistence strategies and changes over time were observed, with a synchronic comparison showing self-sufficiency of the site's occupants but a potential exchange of resources in the vicinity.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Christian Millo, Carlo Bravo, Stefano Covelli, Elena Pavoni, Elisa Petranich, Marco Contin, Maria De Nobili, Matteo Crosera, Bruno Otero Sutti, Camila das Merces Silva, Elisabete de Santis Braga
Summary: The Cananeia-Iguape estuarine-lagoon complex in Sao Paulo state, Brazil, serves as a natural laboratory to study metal binding by humic substances in subtropical settings. The sources of humic substances were found to be a mix of marine and terrestrial origins, with copper and chromium being the most abundant trace metals bound to these substances in the system. Marine Free Humic Acids exhibited the highest binding capacity for trace metals, while terrestrial Fulvic Acids derived from mangrove organic matter decay showed the lowest binding capacity.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Shinya Yamamoto, Fumikatsu Nishizawa, Mitsuhiro Yoshimoto, Yosuke Miyairi, Yusuke Yokoyama, Hisami Suga, Naohiko Ohkouchi
Summary: This study conducted compound-specific radiocarbon analysis of fatty acids in lake sediments from the Mount Fuji volcanic region, and found that the C-14 age of C-16 fatty acids can be used to determine the ages of sediments, showing potential for dating lake sediments. The results suggest that fatty acid analysis could offer a new tool for dating lake sediments, especially in cases where plant materials are scarce.
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Youngeun Kim, Jaesoo Lim, Jaehyung Yu, Sujeong Park, Jin-Young Lee, Sei-Sun Hong, Gyujun Park
Summary: Radiocarbon dating was used to analyze sediment cores from the wetland of the Muljangori volcanic cone on Jeju Island, South Korea, revealing that plant fragments were consistently younger than humic acid samples and showed a long-term change in age difference over the past 8000 years. The study suggests that the trend in age difference may be influenced by long-term climate change, as indicated by carbon/nitrogen ratios and total organic carbon isotope values of the sediments.
Article
Agronomy
Natalia Alonso, Guillem Perez-Jorda
Summary: The cultivation of millets (Panicum miliaceum and Setaria italica) in Iberia's Mediterranean zone has multiple origins and development patterns. The earliest traces in the northeast can be traced back to the Bronze Age, while millets in southern and eastern Iberia were influenced by Phoenician culture in the 10th-8th centuries BC. From the 7th century BC onwards, millet cultivation expanded widely.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Snjezana Herceg Romanic, Gordana Jovanovic, Bosiljka Mustac, Jasna Stojanovic-Dinovic, Andreja Stojic, Tena Cadez, Aleksandar Popovic
Summary: Analysis of fatty acids, persistent organic pollutants, and trace elements in small pelagic fish caught in the eastern Mediterranean Sea revealed that the fish species are safe for human consumption and rich in nutrients, with the potential to be an important dietary source.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Anthropology
Canan Cakirlar, Francis J. Koolstra, Salima Ikram
Summary: By critically assessing zooarchaeological evidence, the authors studied the nature and intensity of past human interactions with green, loggerhead turtles and Nile soft-shell turtles in the Eastern Mediterranean. Through species and sex identifications, estimates of relative abundance, and size reconstructions at five coastal archaeological sites, the researchers found a variety of interactions from turtle capture to processing, allowing informative comparisons with present-day distributions of these species across the region.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Federico Manuelli, Cristiano Vignola, Fabio Marzaioli, Isabella Passariello, Filippo Terrasi
Summary: The Iron Age chronology at Arslantepe is based on the interpretation of Luwian hieroglyphic inscriptions and archaeological data from the site and surrounding region. Recent investigations have revealed that the site began developing new relationships as early as the mid-13th century BC, before the collapse of the Hittite empire, with significant historical implications for the Syro-Anatolian region at the end of the 2nd millennium BC.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Fayez Harash, Amin Khalaf, Nadhir Al-Ansari, Chao Chen, Imad Alrawi, Harith Al-Khafaji, Mohammed Tageldin
Summary: This study investigates the variations of the surface Moho beneath the northwestern Arabian plate using Bouguer gravity data and a 3DINVER program. The calculation results show that the maximum Moho depth is over 40 km in the western Arabian shield and the minimum depths of 16-20 km are mainly located beneath the Mediterranean Sea. The study also innovatively implements an exponential density contrast decrease in the sediment-basement interface, resulting in a more accurate representation of the subsurface structure and providing valuable insights into the geodynamic processes and seismogenic potential of the area.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Mi Young Byun, Dockyu Kim, Ui Joung Youn, Seulah Lee, Hyoungseok Lee
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of humic acids (HA) on the growth and photosynthesis of moss species, finding that increasing HA concentrations correlated with increased growth and photosynthesis in polar mosses. However, the efficiency for temperate mosses increased at lower concentrations but began to reduce at the highest HA concentration.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Archaeology
Emily Zavodny, Ana Solter, Jacqueline Balen, Douglas J. Kennett, Sarah B. McClure, Mario Novak
Summary: This article discusses the significance of the Vucedol site and presents new results from archaeological, osteological, radiocarbon, and isotopic analyses of individuals from the Early Bronze Age in the region, showing the dynamic cultural connections that existed during that time.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE-REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Sureshkumar Muthukumaran
Summary: This paper provides an overview of the transfer of crops from South Asia to the Middle East and the Mediterranean during the period of 3000 to 1000 BCE. It primarily relies on textual sources and examines the implications of this early diffusion for the subsequent spread of tropical and sub-tropical crops in these regions.
VEGETATION HISTORY AND ARCHAEOBOTANY
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Alexandra Fogtmann-Schulz, Claudia Baittinger, Christoffer Karoff, Jesper Olsen, Mads F. Knudsen
Summary: A new biennial record of radiocarbon measured in Danish oak covering the years 1251-1378 CE shows changes in the Hale and Schwabe solar cycles during the Wolf Minimum. The record's spectral analysis revealed peaks at 27 and 9.1 years, suggesting alterations in these cycles, but further research is needed to confirm these findings. The study also reconstructed the solar modulation function indicating a periodicity of approximately 9 years preceding the Wolf Minimum.
Article
Forestry
Guaciara M. Santos, Daigard Ricardo Ortega Rodriguez, Nathan de Oliveira Barreto, Gabriel Assis-Pereira, Ana Carolina Barbosa, Fidel A. Roig, Mario Tomazello-Filho
Summary: Tree-ring width chronologies of three tree species in the southern Amazon Basin were developed, with Hymenaea courbaril showing an erratic sequence of wood ages while Cedrela fissilis and Peltogyne paniculata can be successfully used as paleoclimate proxies. The strategic location of the sampling site in relation to the Tropical Low-Pressure Belt over South America allows these trees to enhance Southern Hemisphere atmospheric C-14 calibration curves.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Martin Martschini, Johannes Lachner, Karin Hain, Michael Kern, Oscar Marchhart, Johanna Pitters, Alfred Priller, Peter Steier, Andreas Wiederin, Alexander Wieser, Robin Golser
Summary: Ion-laser interaction is a new means of isobar suppression in accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) that provides high suppression factors and allows for the analysis of established and new isotopes. It has been proven to be reliable and robust, and can be applied to any AMS machine.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jixin Qiao, Daniela Ransby, Peter Steier
Summary: This study presents the first high-resolution deposition records of anthropogenic uranium (U-236 and U-233) in a sediment core taken at the Philippine Sea continental slope off Mindanao Island in the equatorial northwest Pacific Ocean. The results show two notable peaks in U-236 and U-233 concentrations, with one peak corresponding to close-in Pacific Proving Grounds signal and the other peak corresponding to global fallout from nuclear weapons testing.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mu Lin, Jixin Qiao, Xiaolin Hou, Peter Steier, Robin Golser, Martin Schmidt, Olaf Dellwig, Martin Hansson, Orjan Back, Vesa-Pekka Vartti, Colin Stedmon, Jun She, Jens Murawski, Ala Aldahan, Stefanie A. K. Schmied
Summary: The Baltic Sea receives a significant amount of hazardous substances and nutrients, which have long-lasting effects on its ecosystems. This study presents the first three-dimensional distributions of U-236 and U-233 in the Baltic Sea, as well as a long-term simulation of U-236 dispersion in the North-Baltic Sea. The research findings indicate that atmospheric fallouts and discharges from nuclear reprocessing plants are the main sources of U-236 in the Baltic Sea.
Article
Plant Sciences
Marco Nicoli, Simone Riehl, Lyndelle Webster, Katharina Streit, Felix Hoflmayer
Summary: This study analyzes the plant remains from the Tel Lachish site in Israel, focusing on the botanical composition during the Middle and Late Bronze Age. The results show that fruit crops were the predominant remains, accompanied by a large quantity of barley and wheat. The absence of chaff suggests that cereal processing occurred away from the deposition area. Overall, fruit crops played a significant role in the cultivation and cultural life at Lachish during the 15th-12th centuries BCE.
VEGETATION HISTORY AND ARCHAEOBOTANY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Karin Hain, Martin Martschini, Fadime Guelce, Maki Honda, Johannes Lachner, Michael Kern, Johanna Pitters, Francesca Quinto, Aya Sakaguchi, Peter Steier, Andreas Wiederin, Alexander Wieser, Akihiko Yokoyama, Robin Golser
Summary: Recent major advances in Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) at the Vienna Environmental Research Accelerator (VERA) have allowed for the analysis of additional long-lived radionuclides at ultra-low concentrations, which is important for oceanographic tracer applications. The development of isotope ratios as powerful identification tools, as well as the suppression of isobaric background, has significantly improved the detection sensitivity.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Zsofia Ruszkiczay-Rudiger, Marjan Temovski, Zoltan Kern, Balazs Madarasz, Ivica Milevski, Johannes Lachner, Peter Steier
Summary: A plateau glacier in the Jakupica Mts has been reconstructed, and the study area includes six formerly glaciated valleys. The Be-10 cosmic ray exposure ages suggest that the plateau glacier reached its maximum extent during the Last Glacial Maximum. Glacio-climatological modeling indicates that the region experienced increased moisture advection during this period.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Gang Lin, Mu Lin, Jixin Qiao, Mikael K. Sejr, Peter Steier, Lorenz Meire, Colin A. Stedmon
Summary: This study applies a novel approach using anthropogenic uranium tracers to estimate the transit times of waters from the Atlantic passing through the Arctic and entering East Greenland fjords. The results show the potential of this method to trace Atlantic Water circulation in the Arctic Ocean and provide independent transit time estimates.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amandine Morereau, Hugo Jaegler, Karin Hain, Peter Steier, Robin Golser, Aurelien Beaumais, Hugo Lepage, Frederique Eyrolle, Cecile Grosbois, Charlotte Cazala, Alkiviadis Gourgiotis
Summary: A wide range of contaminants have been found in sediments of the Loire River over the past century. Identifying the sources of radionuclides recorded in the sediments over the past few decades is challenging due to low concentrations and mixing of different sources. However, using multi-isotopic fingerprints and a newly developed tracer, researchers were able to determine the sources of anthropogenic radioactivity and found clear signatures of human inputs related to nuclear power plant accidents.
Article
Environmental Sciences
G. Wallner, P. Zima, M. Moser, H. Uguz, M. G. Bartmann, P. Steier, K. Hain
Summary: The concentrations of uranium and plutonium isotopes, as well as the atom ratios of 236U/238U and 240Pu/239Pu, were measured in human lung samples from the early 1960s. The results show variations in the atom ratios and concentrations, with lower 236U/238U ratios in the lungs compared to aerosol data. These differences can be attributed to the presence of older 238U in the lungs and enhanced 238U concentrations in the city air. The atom ratios of 236U/239Pu in the lung samples are also lower than expected based on aerosol data.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Juri Plado, Ania Losiak, Argo Joeleht, Jens Ormo, Helena Alexanderson, Carl Alwmark, Eva Maria Wild, Peter Steier, Marek Awdankiewicz, Claire Belcher
Summary: Compared to intensive research on large meteorite impact craters, fewer studies focus on smaller craters. This study on the Tor structure in central Sweden utilized various methods to conclude that the structure is likely formed by a grounded iceberg within a glacial lake rather than from an impact.
METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gang Lin, Jixin Qiao, Peter Steier, Magnus Danielsen, Kjartan Guonason, Hans Pauli Joensen, Colin A. Stedmon
Summary: This study explores a new approach using anthropogenic radioisotopes as tracers to estimate the transit time of Atlantic water. By analyzing the concentration variations of different radioisotopes, the transit times of Atlantic water in the coast of Greenland, Iceland, and Faroe Islands were estimated. The results of this study provide an independent method for estimating the transit time of Atlantic water.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Correction
Chemistry, Analytical
Maki Honda, Martin Martschini, Oscar Marchhart, Alfred Priller, Peter Steier, Robin Golser, Tetsuya K. Sato, Tsukada Kazuaki, Aya Sakaguchi
ANALYTICAL METHODS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Maki Honda, Martin Martschini, Oscar Marchhart, Alfred Priller, Peter Steier, Robin Golser, Tetsuya K. Sato, Tsukada Kazuaki, Aya Sakaguch
Summary: The sensitive analysis of Sr-90 with accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) allows for measurement of environmental samples with high precision and a low detection limit. The results obtained from analyzing IAEA samples demonstrate the reliability of this method in environmental radiology.
ANALYTICAL METHODS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Daniel Glueckman, Francesca Quinto, Karin Hain, Claudia Joseph, Vanessa Montoya, Peter Steier, Horst Geckeis
Summary: The geochemistry of actinides under reducing conditions in a deep geological nuclear waste repository is characterized by low solubility and strong sorption to mineral surfaces. This study used accelerator mass spectrometry as an analytical method to quantify actinide migration at ultra-trace levels and to determine diffusion profiles of multiple actinides simultaneously. The results showed a decrease in count rates for high-matrix clay rock samples compared to low-matrix standard solutions, indicating a reduction in the sputter rate of actinide nuclides in the AMS ion source.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
(2022)
Article
Archaeology
Felix Hoeflmayer
Summary: This article reviews a set of radiocarbon dates for the Middle Bronze strata at Tel Nami, Israel and concludes that the results generally coincide with the high radiocarbon chronology for the Middle Bronze Age southern Levant. The study has significant implications for the dating of scarab seals previously attributed to the late Middle Kingdom, and for the earliest contacts between Egypt, the Levant and Cyprus during the Middle Bronze Age, supported by radiocarbon sequences from Tell el-Dab?a (Egypt) and Tel Ifshar (Israel).
PALESTINE EXPLORATION QUARTERLY
(2022)